scholarly journals Empowering Researchers and Knowledge-Producing Organizations for Evidence-Informed Health Policy Making: Interventions in the Iranian Health System

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
leila Doshmangir ◽  
Hakimeh Mostafavi ◽  
Reza Majdzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Health Policy ◽  
Health System ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Effective Interaction ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Framework Analysis ◽  
Community Based Interventions ◽  
Iranian Health System

Abstract Background: Providing appropriate information to policymakers by strengthening evidence-based capacity is a key factor in the development of evidence-based policy making (EIPM). This study aims to examine the necessary interventions in the Iranian health system for empowering researchers and knowledge-producing organizations to strengthen EIPM.Methods: This qualitative study was conducted using interviews and document review. The views and experiences of enterviewees were extracted through semi-structured interviews. Purposive sampling was used and continued until data saturation. Thematic framework analysis and MAXQDA 12 software were used for data analysis.Results: Necessary interventions for empowering researchers and knowledge-producing organizations were categorized into health system interventions, community-based interventions, organization interventions, and individual interventions.Conclusion: Incompatibility of health policy decisions with scientific evidence derived from research highlights the importance of creating a common language among health policymakers and researchers. In this regard, developing scientific and practical interventions, educating health researchers on knowledge translation, and using mechanisms and networks for effective interaction will be constructive.

scholarly journals Empowering Researchers and Knowledge-producing Organizations for Evidence-informed Health Policy Making: Interventions in the Iranian Health System

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Doshmangir ◽  
hakimeh mostafavi ◽  
Reza Majdzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Health Policy ◽  
Health System ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Effective Interaction ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Framework Analysis ◽  
Community Based Interventions ◽  
Iranian Health System

Abstract Background: Providing appropriate information to policymakers by strengthening evidence-based capacity is a key factor in the development of evidence-based policy making (EIPM). This study aims to examine the necessary interventions in the Iranian health system for empowering researchers and knowledge-producing organizations to strengthen EIPM.Methods: This qualitative study was conducted using interviews and document review. The views and experiences of enterviewees were extracted through semi-structured interviews. Purposive sampling was used and continued until data saturation. Thematic framework analysis and MAXQDA 12 software were used for data analysis.Results: Necessary interventions for empowering researchers and knowledge-producing organizations were categorized into health system interventions, community-based interventions, organization interventions, and individual interventions.Conclusion: Incompatibility of health policy decisions with scientific evidence derived from research highlights the importance of creating a common language among health policymakers and researchers. In this regard, developing scientific and practical interventions, educating health researchers on knowledge translation, and using mechanisms and networks for effective interaction will be constructive.

scholarly journals Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process )AHP( of Good Governance Components for Health System Policy-Making in the Islamic Republic of Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marziyeh Azadiyan ◽  
Abbas Vosoogh Moghaddam ◽  
Ali Farhadi Mahalli
Keyword(s):  
Health Policy ◽  
Health System ◽  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Fuzzy Ahp ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
Iranian Health System

Background: Good governance in the last two decades attracted the attention of scientific and international circles around the world. It is a type of governance that is committed to supporting and promoting human health. In order to achieve good governance, components have been identified that knowledge of the weight and importance of each component is undoubtedly necessary to achieve the desired results in the policy-making of the Iranian health system. Methods: This research is descriptive-survey in terms of goal setting and methodology. The multi-stage stratification and availability method was used for sampling and the theoretical saturation rule was used to determine the sample size. In order to define and explain the concept of components of good governance and health policy-making, the library method and review of reference sources were used. 100 survey managers and experts in the Ministry of Health and Golestan, Mazandaran and Neishabour Universities of Medical Sciences were interviewed using a survey method and using a checklist tool (researcher-made (pairwise comparisons)). To analyze the data, Chang's improved fuzzy AHP method and Expert choice software were used. Results: Among the components of good governance (for the policy-making process of the Iranian health system), the rule of law included the most important component. After the rule of law, consensus and agreement, transparency, accountability, justice and fairness, effectiveness and efficiency and ethics were in the next ranks. Conclusion: Good governance is a new narrative of concepts such as democracy, human rights and justice to pursue people-centered human development goals. The rankings obtained from the analyses of this research indicate the need to pay more attention to the rule of law in the health policy-making cycle. It is suggested that in designing the health sector of the seventh economic, social and cultural development plan, executive strategies are paid attention to strengthening the components of good governance, respectively.

Can Complexity Move UK Policy beyond ‘Evidence-Based Policy Making’ and the ‘Audit Culture’? Applying a ‘Complexity Cascade’ to Education and Health Policy

2011 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Geyer
Keyword(s):  
Health Policy ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Policy Response ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Visual Metaphor ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Audit Culture ◽  
Education And Health ◽  
Evidence Based Policy ◽  
The Uk

For much of the twentieth century UK public policy has been based on a strong centralist, rationalist and managerialist framework. This orientation was significantly amplified by New Labour in the 1990s and 2000s, leading to the development of ‘evidence-based policy making’ (EBPM) and the ‘audit culture’ – a trend that looks set to continue under the current government. Substantial criticisms have been raised against the targeting/audit strategies of the audit culture and other forms of EBPM, particularly in complex policy areas. This article accepts these criticisms and argues that in order to move beyond these problems one must not only look at the basic foundation of policy strategies, but also develop practical alternatives to those strategies. To that end, the article examines one of the most basic and common tools of the targeting/audit culture, the aggregate linear X-Y graph, and shows that when it has been applied to UK education policy, it leads to: (1) an extrapolation tendency; (2) a fluctuating ‘crisis–success' policy response process; and (3) an intensifying targeting/auditing trend. To move beyond these problems, one needs a visual metaphor which combines an ability to see the direction of policy travel with an aspect of continual openness that undermines the extrapolation tendency, crisis–success policy response and targeting/auditing trend. Using a general complexity approach, and building on the work of Geyer and Rihani, this article will attempt to show that a ‘complexity cascade’ tool can be used to overcome these weaknesses and avoid their negative effects in both education and health policy in the UK.

scholarly journals Future Challenges of Nursing in Health System of Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salman Barasteh ◽  
Maryam Rassouli ◽  
Mohammad Reza Karimirad ◽  
Abbas Ebadi
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Nursing Education ◽  
Health System ◽  
Universal Health Coverage ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Framework Analysis ◽  
The Future ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Universal Health

Purpose: Nursing development is considered as one of the most important ways to achieve the universal health coverage and sustainable development goals in different countries. Nursing in Iran has the potential to provide services at all levels of universal health coverage. Therefore, planning for nursing in Iran needs to recognize the future challenges. This study aims to explore the future challenges of nursing in the health system of Iran from the perspective of nursing experts.Methods: In this qualitative study, 11 semi-structured interviews were conducted with nursing experts by purposive sampling in 2017–2018. Interviews were recorded and transcribed and framework analysis method was used to analysis the data.Results: The results showed that a favorable future requires planning in three areas of nursing “governance challenges” including centralized nursing stewardship, policy-making and legislation, monitoring and evaluation, and cooperation and communication with other institutions, “inadequacy of professional development with social demands” including community-based nursing, nursing upgrades with disease patterns, expanding home care, expanding care centers, and use of technology, “human resource challenges “including nursing education tailored to the needs of the community, empowering nursing managers, recruiting and retaining nurses, and specialized nursing.Conclusions: A favorable future requires a coherent nursing government, professional development of nursing based on social demands, and enhancing human resources in line with the emerging needs of the future.

A Modelling Framework for Evidence-based Public Health Policy Making

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Marios Prasinos ◽  
Ioannis Basdekis ◽  
Marco Anisetti ◽  
George Spanoudakis ◽  
Dimitris D.G Koutsouris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Public Health Policy ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Modelling Framework

scholarly journals Health system plan for implementation of Paris agreement on climate change (COP 21): a qualitative study in Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arefeh Mousavi ◽  
Ali Ardalan ◽  
Amirhossein Takian ◽  
Abbas Ostadtaghizadeh ◽  
Kazem Naddafi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Climate Change ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Health System ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Paris Agreement ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation

Abstract Background Ensuring public health is crucial in any policy debate on climate change. Paris Agreement on climate change is a global contract, through which countries have committed themselves to a public health treaty. The agreement has laid the foundation for mitigation and adaptation. This study was conducted to provide an evidence-based framework for policy-making in the health system of Iran in order to reduce the adverse effects of climate change on public health and to increase the adaptation of the health system as a result. Methods This is a qualitative study. We first used Delphi method to extract the components of Paris Agreement on climate change that were related to the functions and policymaking of health system in Iran. Twenty-three experts in health and climate change were identified purposefully and through snowball sampling as participants in Delphi. Data collection instrument was a structured questionnaire. We used SPSS software version 25 for data analysis based on the descriptive indices including the mean, the percentage of consensus above 75%, and the Kendall coordination coefficient. Results Seventy-nine components classified within nine categories were extracted. The most important examples of the implementation of Paris Agreement on climate change in the health system of Iran were: participation in the formulation of strategies for mitigation and adaptation, identifying vulnerable groups, assessing vulnerability, increasing the capacity of health services delivery during extreme events, using early warning systems, using new technologies to increase the adaptation, evaluation of interventions, financial support, increasing the number of researches, increasing the knowledge and skills of staff, and finally public awareness. Conclusions Evidence-based policy-making is pivotal to develop effective programs to control the health effects of climate change. This research provided policy translation and customization of micro and macro provisions of Paris Agreement on climate change, in line with the political context of health system in Iran. Our finding will pave the ground, we envisage, for further steps towards capacity building and enhancement of resiliency of the health system, adaptation interventions, and evaluation, identification of barriers and facilitators for adaptation and decreasing the adverse health effects caused by the climate change, in Iran and perhaps beyond.

(Not) Proving the Public Good: Scientific Evidence and the Margin of Appreciation

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 240-262
Author(s):  
Ciarán Burke ◽  
Alexandra Molitorisová
Keyword(s):  
Public Good ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Legal Cases ◽  
The Public ◽  
European Court ◽  
Margin Of Appreciation ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
National Governments

Abstract The article offers a critical look at the complex relationship between the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) and policy-supportive (scientific) evidence. In particular, due to now commonplace, evidence-based policy-making of national governments, the Court is effectively supplemented with various statistics and studies and tasked with reviewing policy measures aiming to improve the public good. This article investigates the ECtHR’s use and interpretation of policy-supportive evidence in the proportionality analysis, and how this affects the margin of appreciation. The recent case of Dubská and Krejzová concerning the ban on home births, which the article explores in detail, is illustrative in this regard. Although the Court appears to review scientific evidence substantively, an increased proliferation of statistics and studies may bring about controversy in relation to legal cases, without having a conclusive impact upon the outcome of a dispute.

Evidence Based Public Health Policy Making: Tool Support

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis Basdekis ◽  
Konstantin Pozdniakov ◽  
Marios Prasinos ◽  
Konstantina Koloutsou
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Public Health Policy ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Tool Support ◽  
Evidence Based

NATIONAL GUIDELINES FOR HIGH-COST DRUGS IN BRAZIL: ACHIEVEMENTS AND CONSTRAINTS OF AN INNOVATIVE NATIONAL EVIDENCE-BASED PUBLIC HEALTH POLICY

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo D. Picon ◽  
Alberto Beltrame ◽  
David Banta
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Public Health Policy ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
National Guidelines

Introduction: The translation of best evidence into practice has become an important purpose of policy making in health care. In Brazil, a country of continental dimensions with widespread regional and social inequalities, the dissemination and use of the best-evidence in policy making is a critical issue for the healthcare system.Objectives: The main purpose of this study is to describe an evidence-based public health policy with special emphasis on guidelines creation for high-cost medicines. We also describe how that strategy was diffused to the judiciary system and to other parts of the healthcare system.Results: We present an 11-year follow-up of a national project for creating and updating guidelines for high-cost medicines in Brazil. A total of 109 national guidelines were published (new or updated versions) for 66 selected diseases, the first such effort in Brazilian history. The project influenced the Brazilian legislature, which has recently established a Federal Law requiring national guidelines for any new technology listed for payment by the Brazilian public healthcare system.Conclusion: We were able to involve many different stakeholders in a partnership between academia and policy makers, which made possible the widespread dissemination of the clinical practice guidelines. Problems and constraints were also encountered. This evolving public health strategy might be useful for other developing countries.

scholarly journals Policy Making Challenges in the scope of Oral Health in Developing Countries A Qualitative Study of the Islamic Republic of Iran

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mohammadpour ◽  
Peivand Bastani ◽  
Arash Ghanbarzadegan ◽  
Jamshid Bahmai
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Health Improvement ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Framework Analysis

Abstract Background As the strategies proposed for oral health improvement in developed countries do not adapt for the setting of the developing ones, this study is to identify the challenges of oral health policy making in developing countries.Methods It was a qualitative study conducted in 2019 in Iran as a middle-eastern developing country. The study population included all the experts who have enough experience in the scope and have the eagerness to participate. Snowball sampling was used to include the participants and after 12 semi-structured interviews saturation was achieved. Guba and Lincoln criteria containing acceptability, validity, reliability, and transferability were used to assure the study reliability and finally five-stage framework analysis method was used to analyze the data.Results The analysis of the results of the interviews resulted in the identification of 7 main themes and 20 sub-themes as the main challenges of achieving oral health in a developing country. The main themes identified were: policy making, implementing, educational, stewardship, prevention, insurance, and resource allocating. Conclusion: According to the present results, it seems that national coverage of oral health and the integration of these services in prevention ones and serious attention to the private sector can be considered as the most important strategies for achieving improved oral health.

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