Hunger and Its Associated Factors in an Urban Cluster in the Western Brazilian Amazon: A Population-Based Study

Abstract Background: Hunger affects millions of people worldwide. In the current pandemic scenario of COVID-19, Brazil experienced an epidemic peak of hunger, amplifying existing pre-pandemic vulnerabilities, mainly in the Northern Region of the Country. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of food insecurity and its associated factors in homes with children under five years of age in an urban cluster of a municipality of the Western Brazilian Amazon. Methods: A household survey was conducted with a probabilistic sample of 557 children and their families. Food insecurity (FI) was determined using the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale. Associations between variables were analyzed based on the prevalence ratio (PR) and respective 95% confidence intervals (CI) calculated through multiple Poisson regression analysis. Variables with a p -value <0.05 after adjustments were considered significantly associated with the outcome. Results: A high prevalence of food insecurity was found among the families in the study (76.47%, PR=1.90, CI: 1.36-2.67, p <0.001); 42.90% had moderate (PR=1.93, CI: 1.31-2.83, p <0.01) and severe FI (PR=1.41, CI: 1.10-1.83, p <0.02), which was associated with low family income, participation in governmental income transfer programs, and heads of households with less than seven years of schooling. Moreover, substantial frequencies of height deficit and overweight were found among the children. Conclusions: The high prevalence of hunger and food insecurity and its associated factors reflects the context of geographic isolation and social exclusion in which these families live, suggesting that a substantial portion of the population under five years of age had experienced episodes of hunger in the 90 days prior to the survey. The high prevalence of height deficit and overweight among the children reveals a scenario of epidemiological/nutritional polarization, requiring the formulation of specific public policies for this population.

Download Full-text

Hunger and Its Associated Factors in the Western Brazilian Amazon: a Population-based Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1127849/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mayline Menezes Da Mata ◽

José Anael Neves ◽

Maria Angélica Tavares de Medeiros

Keyword(s):

Food Insecurity ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Family Income ◽

Prevalence Ratio ◽

Household Survey ◽

Brazilian Amazon ◽

Population Based ◽

Under Five ◽

The North ◽

Heads Of Household

Abstract Background Hunger affects millions of people worldwide. In the current pandemic scenario of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Brazil experienced an epidemic peak of hunger, amplifying existing prepandemic vulnerabilities, mainly in the North Region of the country. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of food insecurity and its associated factors in homes with children under five years of age in an urban area of a municipality of the Western Brazilian Amazon. Methods A household survey was conducted with a probabilistic sample of 557 children and their families. Food insecurity (FI) was determined using the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale. Associations between variables were analysed based on the prevalence ratio (PR) and respective 95% confidence intervals (CI) calculated through multiple Poisson regression analysis. Variables with a P value <0.05 after adjustments were considered significantly associated with the outcome. Results A prevalence of 76.5% (CI: 1.36-2.67) food insecurity was found among the families in the study; 42.9% had moderate (CI: 1.31-2.83) and severe (CI: 1.10-1.83) food insecurity. Moderate and severe FI were associated with low family income (P=0.00), participation in governmental income transfer programs (P=0.01), and heads of household with less than seven years of schooling (P=0.02). Moreover, substantial frequencies of height deficit and being overweight were found among the children. Conclusions The high prevalence of hunger and food insecurity and its associated factors reflects the context of geographic isolation and social exclusion in which these families live, suggesting that a substantial portion of the population under five years of age had experienced episodes of hunger in the 90 days prior to the survey. The prevalence of height deficit and being overweight among the children reveals a scenario of epidemiological/nutritional polarization, requiring the formulation of specific public policies for this population.

Download Full-text

Prevalence of Diarrhea and Associated Factors among Under Five Years Children in Harena Buluk Woreda Oromia Region, South East Ethiopia, 2018

Journal of Public Health International ◽

10.14302/issn.2641-4538.jphi-18-2470 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 9-26 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Solomon Getahun Beyene ◽

Abulie Takele Melku

Keyword(s):

Water Treatment ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Hand Washing ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Under Five ◽

Under Five Children ◽

Home Based ◽

Long Time

Background: Acute diarrheal diseases are the leading cause of preventable childhood death, especially in developing countries. It is the second leading cause of death in under-five year children nest to pneumonia. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the magnitude and associated factors of diarrhea in under-five in Harena Buluk district. Methods: A community based Cross sectional study was conducted in February, 2018. A two stage stratified sampling method was done to select the eligible households. Data was collected by trained data collectors using pretested questionnaire list which was prepared based on EDHS and WHO core questionnaires related to diarrhea. Data was entered in to a computer using Epi data 3.1 and exported to SPSS V.20 for further analysis. Logistic regression was used to determine level of association with 95% CI. A p-value <0.05 in the final model were considered as significant. Result: The two weeks period magnitude of diarrhea among under-five children was 28.4% with 95% CI (14.5-20.8) which was associated with households with one under five children (AOR: 0.268, 95% CI(.08,0.90)), living in the home with single room ((AOR = 6.01, 95% CI(1.01,36.01)), clean latrine/faces not seen around the pit or on the floor of latrine(AOR: 0.298, 95% CI(0.097,0.92)), long time take to fetch water from source (AOR: 0.046,95%CI(0.01,0.22)), home based water treatment ((AOR = 0.15, 95% CI: (0.04, 0.62)), living with animal in the same house(AOR: 8.31, 95% CI(2.46,28.06)), children who took gruel type of food(AOR: 0.24, 95% CI(0.07,0.81)), hand washing practice before cooking food (AOR: 0.195(0.066, 0.574)). Conclusion: The two weeks period magnitude of acute under-five diarrhea was relatively high and number of under five children in the household, cleanness latrine, time taking from the source of water, home based water treatment, number of rooms in the home, live with animal in the same house, type of food child take, hand washing before food preparation had significant association with the occurrence of under-five diarrhea. Improve community about home and environmental sanitation and hand practices were recommended.

Download Full-text

Assessment of Poor Home Management Practice of Diarrhea and Associated Factors among Caregivers of Under-Five Years Children in Urban and Rural Residents of Doba Woreda, Ethiopia: Comparative Cross-Sectional Study

International Journal of Pediatrics ◽

10.1155/2019/8345245 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Waktole Kebede Fufa ◽

Gebretsadik Berhe Gebremedhin ◽

Gebremedhin Berhe Gebregergs ◽

Taklu Marama Mokonnon

Keyword(s):

Associated Factors ◽

Management Practice ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Index Child ◽

Rural Residents ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Home Management ◽

Under Five ◽

Urban And Rural Residents

Background. Diarrhea is the first cause of illness and the second cause of death in under-five children. Home interventions can prevent 57% of mortality related to diarrhea. However, malpractices were common and the reason for this underutilization was unclear. Thus, this study was aimed at assessing poor home management practice of Diarrhea and associated factors among caregivers of under-five years children in urban and rural residents. Methods. The community-based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in Doba woreda, Ethiopia, from February 25 to March 15, 2017. Multistage cluster sampling technique was used to study 559 caregivers. An interviewer administered pretested structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Collected data were entered into Epi Info version 3.5.1 and exported to statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 20.0 for analysis. The binary logistic regression model was used. In bivariate analysis p-value<0.25 was taken into multivariable analysis. Adjusted odds ratios with their corresponding 95% of CI were used to report results with a significance level of p-value<0.05. Result. 184 urban and 375 rural caregivers were included in the study. Poor home management practice was 55.8% of urban and 85.6% of rural residents. Knowledge level (AOR=2.7(CI[1.3, 6.5]) and AOR=13.4(CI[5.3, 34.0]) and difficulty in preparing oral rehydration salt (AOR=4.0CI[1.4, 11.0]) and AOR=2.4(1.3, 5.3)) were associated factors for both urban and rural residents, respectively. Caregivers of male index child (AOR=2.3(1.2, 4.7)) and age of the caregivers (AOR=0.26(0.09, 0.8)) were associated with poor home practice for urban residents. In rural residents, inaccessibility to zinc supplementation (AOR=2.4(1.2, 5.0)) was among associated factors. Conclusion. Poor home management practice of diarrhea was high in both urban and rural residents. It was higher in rural compared to urban residents. Poor practice was associated with knowledge level, age of the caregivers, sex of the index child, and accessibility of zinc. Health education and community mobilization on home management of diarrhea are important to increase awareness and improve practice level.

Download Full-text

Prevalence of Substance Use and Associated Factors Among High School Adolescents in Rithepani, Lekhnath-2, kaski, Nepal

Journal of Gandaki Medical College-Nepal ◽

10.3126/jgmcn.v10i1.17915 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 43-48 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A Gurung ◽

N Shrestha ◽

M Silwal ◽

R Gurung ◽

S Ojha

Keyword(s):

High School ◽

Substance Use ◽

Secondary Education ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Family Income ◽

Nuclear Family ◽

Family Members ◽

Health Concern ◽

P Value ◽

Factors Associated

Background: Substance use is a major public health concern in global settings, and is very common during adolescence period leading to physical and/or mental health complications. This study assessed the prevalence of substance use and associated factors among high school adolescents in Rithepani 2, Lekhnath, Kaski, 2073.Objectives: The study was designed to provide estimates of substance use by school-going adolescents in Lekhnath and to identify risk factors associated with.Methods: A school based cross-sectional study was conducted from 17th October to 21st October, 2016 among eighth to 12th grade high school students in the Rithepani-2, Lekhnath. Participants were selected by purposive sampling techniques, and data were collected using questionnaire. Frequency, percentage, means, SD and chi-square test was performed to identify factors associated with substance use.Results: Majority of the respondents 93 (56.4%) belonged to the age group 15 - 18 years. Majority of the respondents 88 (53.3%) were males and 50 (30.3%) were studying in grade 11. Majority of the respondents 140 (84.8%) were Hindus and 104 (63%) of the respondents belonged to upper caste group. In terms of education of the respondents’ parents, majority of the respondents’ mothers 68 (41.2%) had completed their secondary education and similarly, majority of the respondents’ fathers 78 (47.3%) had completed their secondary education. Majority of the respondents’ mothers 129 (78.2%) were housewives and majority of the respondents' fathers 48 (29.1%) were businessmen. Majority of the respondents 136 (82.5%) belonged to nuclear family and 93 (56.4%) had per month family income more than Rs 15,000. Among 165 respondents prevalence of substance use was found to be 10 (6%).Regarding the associated factors majority of the respondents 162 (98.2%) had good relation with their parents, 101 (61.2%) respondents’ family members do not use substance, 128 (77.6%) respondents reported that substance use was not accepted in their culture. the prevalence of substance use by the respondents is 6.1% in which five (50%) respondents consume alcohol, eight (80%) take cigarette, one (10%) use tobacco and two (20%) take ganja. Among the substance users, four (40%) reported imitating parents and four (40%) reported curiosity as the cause for them to initiate substance use. Regarding the accessibility of the substances among the respondents who use substances, three (30%) respondents said that it’s very difficult whereas one (10%) said that it’s very easy for them to have access to the substances. Majority of the respondents who use substances 6 (60%) avail the substance/s from their friends.Regarding the Association, there is a significant association between prevalence of substance and substance use by family members with the χ2 value of 7.61 and p-value 0.006 which is less than 0.05 significant level. There is also a significant association between the prevalence of substance use and its cultural acceptance with the χ2 value of 4.65 and p-value of 0.031 which is less than 0.05 significant level.There is a significant association between the prevalence of substance abuse and ethnicity with the χ2 value of 11.81and with the p-value 0.037 which is less than 0.05 significant level.Conclusions: The prevalence of substance use among high school adolescent students in selected higher secondary school was found to be 6.1%. There was significant association between prevalence of substances use and cultural acceptance of participants, ethnicity and use of substances by the family members. Based on the findings of the study researcher suggests to initiate awareness and co-ordination program between the school and parents. Journal of Gandaki Medical College Vol. 10, No. 1, 2017, Page: 43-48

Download Full-text

Full immunization coverage and associated factors among children aged 12–23 months in Somali Region, Eastern Ethiopia

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0260258 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (12) ◽

pp. e0260258

Author(s):

Zemenu Shiferaw Yadita ◽

Liyew Mekonen Ayehubizu

Keyword(s):

Associated Factors ◽

Family Income ◽

Action Plan ◽

Maternal Health Service ◽

P Value ◽

Cluster Sampling ◽

Eastern Ethiopia ◽

Somali Region ◽

Maternal Recall ◽

Full Immunization

Objective Despite those efforts in expanded programs of immunization, nearly one fifth of children in developing countries miss out basic vaccines. Moreover, many children who started vaccination fail to complete immunization.Identifying associated factorswhich is scarce in the study area, is crucial for interventions. This study assessed full-immunization and associated factors among children aged 12–23 months in Somali region, Eastern Ethiopia. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study design was conducted from October 1–30, 2018, in selected rural and urban kebeles in Somali regionamong 612 children. Cluster sampling was employed and data was collected using structured questionnaire. Full-immunization was measured by maternal recall and vaccination card.Data entry and analysis was done by EpiData3.1 and SPSSversion.20 respectively. Binary logistic regression with Bivariate and Multivariable model was usedto identify predictors of full-immunization. Odd ratios were computed and P-value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results Based on maternal recall plus vaccination card 249(41.4%) of children were completed immunization, while vaccination only by card was 87(29.7%). Only 238(39.5%) of participants had good knowledge about vaccination. Not knowing to come back for next visits 197(55.8%) were the major reason for dropout. Residing in urban (AOR = 2.0, 95%CI: 1.0, 3.9),primary educated mothers(AOR = 2.2, 95%CI: 1.0, 5.0), married mothers (AOR = 4.2, 95%CI:1.0, 18), higher average monthly income (AOR = 2.5, 95%CI 1.1, 5.2)and delivered at health facilities (AOR = 3.8, 95%CI 1.9, 7.3)were significantly associated with full-immunization. Conclusion Coverage of full immunization was found to be low compared to the targets set in the Global Vaccine Action Plan(2011–2020).Two-third of the participants has poor knowledge about vaccination. Urban residence, mother education, higher family income, male child and institutional delivery were factors. This study suggests that awareness creation, behaviour change on vaccination and enhancing utilization of maternal health service including delivery service, should be stressed.

Download Full-text

Morphological patterns of anemia among under five children on Prevention of Mother-To-Child Transmission (PMTCT) programmes in Masogo sub-county hospital, Kisumu county, Kenya

Journal of Clinical Images and Medical Case Reports ◽

10.52768/2766-7820/1048 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Silas O Awuor ◽

◽

Omwenga O Eric ◽

Stanslaus Musyoki ◽

Ibrahim I Daud ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Associated Factors ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

County Hospital ◽

Mother To Child Transmission ◽

Child Transmission ◽

Under Five ◽

Under Five Children ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Mother To Child ◽

Morphological Patterns

Background: Anaemia during childhood adversely affects mental, physical and social development of the children, therefore morphological patterns of anaemia in under- five children are considered essential for classification, diagnosis and management. Aim: This study aimed at assessing morphological patterns, the prevalence and associated factors of anaemia among under-five children on Prevention of Mother-To-Child Transmission (PMTCT) programmes in Masogo sub-county hospital, Kisumu County, Kenya. Method: A cross-sectional health facility-based study was conducted among 175 children aged 6 to 59 months who attended clinic for the PMTCT programme for the period of January 2020 to December 2020. Pretested and structured questionnaires were used to collect socioeconomic and demographic characteristics of the family and child. Capillary blood sample was collected from each child for malaria parasite and Peripheral Blood Film (PBF) examination. Result: Complete blood counts indicate that microcytic pattern was the most common, representing 30 (42.3%) followed by microcytic hypochromic pattern 20 (28.2%), normocytic normochromic pattern with 11 (15.5%) and lastly dimorphic pattern with 10 (14.0%). High prevalence of anaemia was observed in children who were urban dwellers (50.0%), in children whose mothers aged 18-27 years (44.0%) and had no formal education (48.1%). Besides, the high prevalence rate of anaemia was found among children with a family monthly income of less than 500 Ksh. (46.9%), early (<6 months) introduction of complementary foods (71.4%). Conclusion: This study has revealed that the prevalence of anaemia in children less than five years is high and is a severe public health problem in the study area. Therefore, the policymakers should make a strategy that can reduce poverty and increase the awareness to women on breastfeeding, nutrition, and other associated factors to reduce anaemia.

Download Full-text

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN STATUS GIZI BALITA DI PUSKESMAS PONCOL KOTA SEMARANG

Jurnal Surya Muda ◽

10.38102/jsm.v1i2.44 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 102-110

Author(s):

Boediarsih Boediarsih ◽

Wahyu Wiedy Aditantri ◽

Dwi Kustriyanti

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Health Center ◽

Family Income ◽

Monitoring Program ◽

Education Level ◽

The Body ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Children Under Five ◽

Under Five

Toddler nutritional status (under five years) is a picture of health regarding food consumption and use by the body at the age of under five years. Nutritional status is influenced by several factors, namely direct, indirect and fundamental. To determine the relationship between parenting, education level, mother's knowledge and family income with the nutritional status of toddlers. This type of research is correlational quantitative research with cross sectional approach. The population of children under five in the Poncol Health Center is 1312 children under five. The sampling technique in this study used proportional stratified random sampling with a sample of 89 respondents in Poncol Health Center, Semarang City. Analysis using Kolmogorov Smirnov. Factors related to nutritional status are parenting (p value = 0.411), education level (p value = 0.018), mother's knowledge (p value = 0.062), family income (p value = 0.000). There is no relationship between parenting, mother's knowledge and nutritional status. There is a relationship between education level, family income and nutritional status. Therefore it is necessary to optimize the nutritional status monitoring program for toddlers and increase community nutrition knowledge

Download Full-text

Prevalence of overweight and associated factors in under-five-year-old children in urban population in Brazil

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia ◽

10.1590/1809-4503201400020001eng ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 285-296 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Rosângela de Mattos Müller ◽

Elaine Tomasi ◽

Luiz Augusto Facchini ◽

Roberto Xavier Piccini ◽

Denise Silva da Silveira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Associated Factors ◽

Family Income ◽

Growth Curves ◽

Population Based ◽

World Health ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

White Children ◽

Under Five ◽

Health Organization ◽

Overweight Prevalence

Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of overweight in children under five years old from urban households and to investigate associated factors. Methods: Cross-sectional population-based study carried out in the five regions of Brazil with a sample of 6,397 children. The World Health Organization 2006 Growth Curves were used and children were considered overweight when Z-score was higher than two standard deviations of weight for height. The following variables were investigated: family income, mothers' education level, race, age, gender, number of siblings, weight at birth and duration of exclusive breastfeeding. Proportions were compared with the χ2 test and reasons of prevalence were calculated. Logistic regression was used for the adjusted analysis. Results: The prevalence of overweight was of 12%. After adjustments, this prevalence was significantly higher among males (p = 0.030) and inversely proportional to the child's age (p = 0.032). White children presented 22% higher overweight prevalence than non-white ones. A linear direct association was verified between weight at birth and overweight (p = 0.000). Children who were breastfed until 120 days presented 34% more prevalence of overweight when compared to the ones who were breastfed for a longer time. Conclusions: Overweight prevalence was higher in male, under one year old, white children, with more than 3,500 grams of weight at birth and who were exclusively breastfed until 120 days.

Download Full-text

Insecticide-treated net utilization and associated factors among pregnant women and under-five children in East Belessa District, Northwest Ethiopia: using the Health Belief model

Malaria Journal ◽

10.1186/s12936-021-03666-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Amlaku Nigusie Yirsaw ◽

Resom Berhe Gebremariam ◽

Wallelign Alemnew Getnet ◽

Muhabaw Shumye Mihret

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Health Belief Model ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Behavioural Change ◽

Health Belief ◽

Northwest Ethiopia ◽

P Value ◽

Under Five ◽

Under Five Children ◽

Belief Model

Abstract Background Malaria during pregnancy and childhood is one of the major public health challenges globally. Its prevalence is huge in Africa, especially in sub-Saharan countries and Ethiopia. Insecticide-treated mosquito net (ITN) use is one of the primary malaria preventive strategies. Previous studies did not adequately address the health belief and behaviour-related correlates of ITN using health belief model (HBM), although a number of studies were conducted in this theme. Therefore, this study was aimed at assessing the prevalence and associated factors of ITN utilization among pregnant women and under five children in east Belessa district, northwest Ethiopia, 2020. Methods A community-based cross-sectional mixed study was conducted in east Belessa district from February 01–30/2020. A total of 724 eligible participants were included in the quantitative study. A multistage cluster sampling technique was used. The quantitative data were collected using an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire. Data were entered into Epi data version 4.6.0.2 and then exported to SPSS version 16 for analysis. The binary logistic regression model was fitted and the level of significance was declared based on AOR with its 95% CI and p-value ≤ 0.05. Meanwhile, the qualitative data were collected using focus group discussions and key informant interviews, and analysed using a thematic analysis approach. Results The prevalence of ITN utilization was 56.5% (95% CI 53.0, 60.2) and independently predicted by a corrugated iron roof of the house (AOR = 1.53; 95% CI 1.15, 2.22), rural residence (AOR = 1.59; 95% CI 1.11,2.28), ≥ 2 number of rooms in the house (AOR = 1.56; 95% CI 1.06, 2.30) and high level of perceived barrier (AOR = 0.53; 95% CI 0.38,0.74). In the qualitative findings, the main barrier was connected to misconceptions and misperception towards malaria and ITN. Conclusion The prevalence of ITN utilization in the study area was lower than the national target (100%). It was significantly associated with household characteristics, residence, and level of a perceived barrier. Reversing the community’s misconceptions through information, education and communication (IEC), and behavioural change communication (BCC) would enhance ITN utilization.

Download Full-text

Underweight and associated factors among children under five years in North Shewa Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia: An observational community-based study

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.55680.1 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

pp. 39

Author(s):

Tamiru Yazew

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Food Insecurity ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Household Food Security ◽

P Value ◽

Household Food Insecurity ◽

Community Based ◽

Independent Variables ◽

Household Food

Background Acute and chronic child undernutrition is a continuous problem in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study was initiated to compare the prevalence of underweight and its associated factors among children aged 6-23 months in the Kuyu district, North Shewa zone, Oromia, Ethiopia. Methods An observational community-based study was conducted on 612 children (304 from household security and 308 from household food insecurity). A structured and standardize questionnaire was used in this study. Anthropometric measurements were generated using WHO standardize. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the independent variables associated with underweight (weight-for-age) among children in household food security and insecurity, a p value less than 0.05 with 95%CI was considered as statistically significant. Results The results indicated that 30.9% [95%CI; 25.7, 36.2] and 36.7% [95% CI; 31.8, 42.5] of children were underweight for their age in household food security and insecurity. Low wealth status (AOR=3.2; 95%CI: 1.099, 9.275), poor dietary diets (AOR=5.2; 95%CI: 2.046, 13.27), and lack of breastfeeding for two years (AOR= 2.1; 95%CI= 1.78, 5, 42) were associated with underweight children in household food security. Whereas lack of antenatal care visits (AOR=0.52; 95%CI: 0.12, 0.68) and poor dietary diets (AOR=3.01; 95%CI= 2.1, 17.4) were other independent variables associated with underweight children in household food insecurity. Conclusions This study established that there was a high prevalence of underweight in children from Oromia. Therefore, introducing household income generating activities are vital interventions in order to overcome the problem of undernutrition in this region.

Download Full-text