Paediatric Fungal Keratitis:A Case Series of 45 Children Presenting to a Tertiary Referral Centre
Abstract Purpose:To analyze the etiology, characteristics, and treatment outcomes of paediatric fungal keratitis in northern China.Methods:The medical records of children (< 18 years old) diagnosed with fungal keratitis at the Shandong Eye Institute from 1996 to 2017 were reviewed for demographic features, risk factors, seasonal variation, clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, and treatment strategies.Results:Forty-five children (46 eyes) were included. Fungal keratitis in children accounted for 16.4% of all of the children with infectious keratitis, which was lower than that in adults (59.4%, p < 0.001). Unexplained fungal keratitis accounted for 26.1%. Plant trauma (23.9%) and wind and sand into the eyes (21.7%) ranked second and third, respectively. Fusarium fungi infection was found in 69.9%, and 31.0% were infected by Aspergillus fungi. The corneal ulcer area was positively correlated with a peripheral blood neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) at the first visit (r = 0.310, p = 0.036). Voriconazole had the highest drug sensitivity rate. A total of 67.4% (31 eyes) underwent therapeutic keratoplasty (PKP 21 eyes; LKP 10 eyes). The recurrence rate was 3.2% (due to an Aspergillus infection). The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) after treatment in children ≤ 8 years (median 20/60) was lower than the BCVA in children > 8 years (median 20/50, p = 0.035).Conclusions:Fungal keratitis are less common in children than in adults. The main infection was due to Fusarium fungi. The preferred antifungal drug was voriconazole. LKP treatment is preferred for Fusarium infection keratitis.