scholarly journals A Supramolecular Heat-Pump: an Electrochemical Cooling System Utilizing the Enthalpy Change of a Host–Guest Interaction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fumitoshi Matoba ◽  
Teppei Yamada ◽  
Nobuo Kimizuka
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Enthalpy Change ◽  
Cathode Side ◽  
Peltier Effect ◽  
Supramolecular Interaction ◽  
Anode Side ◽  
Stimuli Responsive ◽  
Redox Active

Abstract Redox-stimulated host–guest chemistry was applied for the electrochemical Peltier effect, which is a heat transportation phenomenon observed in redox-active electrolytes. The refrigeration capability was enhanced up to 70%. By the addition of alpha-Cyclodextrin (α-CD) into I−/I3− aqueous solution, the amount of heat transported from the cathode side to the anode side was observed. The enhancement of the heat transportation was derived from the elimination heat of I3− from α-CD associated with the shift of host–guest equilibrium caused by the exhausting of I3− by the reduction. This is the first report that utilized the stimuli-responsive supramolecular interaction for heat transportation.

Stimuli-Responsive Supramolecular Chirality Switching and Nanoassembly Constructed by n-Shaped Amphiphilic Molecules in Aqueous Solution

Langmuir ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 1215-1224
Author(s):  
Yuntian Yang ◽  
Qingqing Han ◽  
Yi-rong Pei ◽  
Shengsheng Yu ◽  
Zhegang Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Stimuli Responsive ◽  
Supramolecular Chirality ◽  
Amphiphilic Molecules

scholarly journals Building Retrofit and Energy Conservation/Efficiency Review: A Techno-Environ-Economic Assessment of Heat Pump System Retrofit in Housing Stock

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 983
Author(s):  
Mustapha Mukhtar ◽  
Bismark Ameyaw ◽  
Nasser Yimen ◽  
Quixin Zhang ◽  
Olusola Bamisile ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Commercial Buildings ◽  
Optimization Techniques ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Pump System ◽  
Air Conditioners

The world has not been able to achieve minimum greenhouse gas emissions in buildings’ energy consumptions because the energy and emissions optimization techniques have not been fully utilized. Thermal comfort is one of the most important issues for both residential and commercial buildings. Out of the 40% of global energy consumed by buildings, a large fraction is used to maintain their thermal comfort. In this study, a comprehensive review of the recent advancements in building energy conservation and efficiency application is presented based on existing high-quality research papers. Additionally, the retrofit of the heating/cooling and hot water system for an entire community in Cyprus is presented. This study aims to analyze the technical and environmental benefits of replacing existing electric heaters for hot water with heat pump water heating systems and the use of heat pump air conditioners for thermal comfort in place of the existing ordinary air conditioners for space heating and cooling. One administrative building, 86 apartments (including residential and commercial) buildings, and a restaurant building is retrofitted, and the feasibility of the project is determined based on three economic indicators, namely; simple payback period (SPP), internal rate of return (IRR), and net present value (NPV). The electrical energy required by the hot water systems and the heating/cooling system is reduced by 263,564 kWh/yr and 144,825 kWh/yr, respectively. Additionally, the retrofit project will reduce Cyprus’ CO2 emission by 121,592.8 kg yearly. The SPP, IRR, and NPV for the project show that the retrofit is economically feasible.

scholarly journals Synthesis and pH-stimuli responsive research of gemini amine-oxide surfactants containing amides

RSC Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (72) ◽  
pp. 44387-44396
Author(s):  
Hanyu Chen ◽  
Duojiao Fu ◽  
Xiqin Zhou ◽  
Hongqin Liu ◽  
Baocai Xu
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Amine Oxide ◽  
Stimuli Responsive ◽  
Responsive Behavior

The series of gemini amine-oxide surfactants with the formula CnH2n+1CONH(CH2)2N+O–(CH3)–(CH2)3–(CH3)N+O– (CH2)2NHCOCnH2n+1 (n = 11, 13, 15, and 17) have been synthesized, and their pH-stimuli responsive behavior in aqueous solution has been studied.

Design of New MEA Structure for Mciro Direct Methanol Fuel Cell

2013 ◽  
Vol 694-697 ◽  
pp. 1565-1568
Author(s):  
Wen Bin Zhang ◽  
Da Da Wang
Keyword(s):  
Layer Structure ◽  
Catalyst Layer ◽  
Electrode Reaction ◽  
Gas Diffusion ◽  
Cathode Side ◽  
Catalyst Loading ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Anode Side ◽  
Pore Former ◽  
Direct Methanol

A novel double-catalyst layer MEA using CCM-GDE (Catalyst Coated Membrane,CCM;Gas Diffusion Electrode,GDE) fabrication method is provided. The double-catalyst layer is formed with an inner catalyst layer (in anode side: PtRu black as catalyst, in cathode side: Pt black as catalyst) and an outer catalyst layer (in anode side: PtRu/C as catalyst, in cathode side: Pt/C as catalyst). By study of the catalyst loading in the double-catalyst layer, an optimization of the catalyst layer structure is obtained, that is the cell may perform best when the ratio of the inner catalyst and outer catalyst is 1:1 (both in inner and outer catalyst layer, the catalyst loading is 1.5mg/cm2). As the hydrophilicity and pore structure are important to the MEA performance, they are optimized by adding pore former and Nafion in the GDL and outer catalyst layer, respectively. Thus three gradients from the PEM to the GDL are formed in the novel MEA: catalyst concentration gradient, porosity gradient and hydrophilicity gradient. These gradients may increase the mass transfer and quicken the electrochemistry reaction in MEA. The CCM-GDE technology may enhance the contact properties between the catalyst and PEM, and increase the electrode reaction areas, resulted in increasing the performance of the μDMFC.

scholarly journals Effect of Air Heat Pump Cooling System as a Greener Energy Source on the Air Quality, Housing Environment and Growth Performance in Pig House

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1474
Author(s):  
Dhanushka Rathnayake ◽  
Hong-Seok Mun ◽  
Muhammad Ammar Dilawar ◽  
Il-Byung Chung ◽  
Kwang-Woo Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Housing Environment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cooling Effects ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

The present study examined the cooling effects of an air heat pump (AHP) system. An AHP system was installed in a pig house to compare the effects with a traditional cooling system on the growth performance, noxious gas emission, housing environment and consumption of electricity. During the 19-week experimental trial, the internal temperature in the AHP cooling system-connected pig house was significantly decreased (p < 0.05) than the conventional house. Similarly, the temperature–humidity index (THI) was significantly reduced (p < 0.05) in the growing and late finishing period. The carbon dioxide (CO2) and electricity consumption were also reduced significantly in the AHP cooling system relative to the control. The concentration of ammonia (NH3) during the weaning and finishing phase and the concentration of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) during all periods were lower in the AHP-installed pig house (p < 0.05). From 0–19 weeks, there was no significant difference was observed (p > 0.05) in terms of the growth performance of pigs in both houses. These results show that the AHP cooling system can be implemented as an environmentally friendly renewable energy source in swine farms for sustainable pig production and better air quality without adversely affecting productivity parameters.

Miniaturization of the Loop-Tube-Type Thermoacoustic Cooling System: Effect of the Installation Position of Heat Pump and Working Gas in the Tube

2010 ◽  
Vol 49 (7) ◽  
pp. 07HE17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kohei Hotta ◽  
Shin-ichi Sakamoto ◽  
Daichi Tsukamoto ◽  
Yoshiaki Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
System Effect ◽  
Tube Type

Electroresponsive Property of Novel Poly(acrylate- acryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride)/Clay Nanocomposite Hydrogels

2009 ◽  
Vol 79-82 ◽  
pp. 2263-2266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Li ◽  
Nam Hoon Kim ◽  
Sambhu Bhadra ◽  
Joong Hee Lee
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Ammonium Chloride ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Cathode Side ◽  
Trimethyl Ammonium Chloride ◽  
Anode Side ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Nanocomposite Hydrogels ◽  
Excellent Mechanical Property ◽  
Cross Linker

The poly(acrylate-acryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride)/clay nanocomposite hydrogels (poly(AAc-DAc)/clay NC gels) with different clay contents were prepared by using clay as a cross-linker. The hydrogel exhibited good electroresponsive property and excellent mechanical property. The hydrogels initially bent toward the cathode side followed by anode side under an electric field. Concentrations of NaCl solution, voltage of electric field and clay content of the hydrogels have significant effects on the electroresponsive property of the hydrogels. Clay exhibited two opposite effects on the electroresponsive property of NC gels.

Heat Integration of Absorption Heat Pump in a Milk Powder Dairy

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Møller Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Milk Powder ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Heat Integration ◽  
Absorption Heat Pump ◽  
Absorption Cooling ◽  
Absorption Cooling System

Abstract Heat integration with absorption heat pumps requires investigation of many types of plant designs. In this article, it is concluded that in many cases high temperature absorption systems for heat recovery are more economically feasible than absorption systems for cooling purposes. The conclusion is based on a project where the scope was to investigate technical and economical possibilities for heat integration of an absorption heat pump in a milk powder plant. The first idea behind the project was to use the waste heat from the rejected air to drive an absorption cooling system to reduce the electricity consumption for cooling proposes. The model of the plant was based on simulations as a background for a time averaged COP model. It was concluded that an absorption system for generating low temperature steam is more feasible.

Stimuli-responsive Janus mesoporous nanosheets towards robust interfacial emulsification and catalysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 3242-3249
Author(s):  
Jiangyan Yang ◽  
Jialin Wang ◽  
Yijiang Liu ◽  
Huaming Li ◽  
Zhiqun Lin
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Stimuli Responsive ◽  
Phase Type

Stimuli-responsive amphiphilic Janus mesoporous nanosheets with pH-triggered emulsification performance, switchable catalytic activity in aqueous solution and oil-phase-type-dependent catalytic activity at an emulsion interface were crafted.

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