scholarly journals Stromal-Vascular Fraction and Adipose-derived Stem Cell Therapies Improve Cartilage Regeneration in Osteoarthritis-induced Rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan-Ting Yang ◽  
Chun-Yen Ke ◽  
Kuang-Ting Yeh ◽  
Shyh-Geng Huang ◽  
Zi-Yang Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Stromal Vascular Fraction ◽  
Cartilage Regeneration ◽  
Left Knee ◽  
Cartilage Injury ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
White Blood Cell Counts ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cell

Abstract BackgroundThis study evaluated the effects of the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) and adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) on cartilage injury in an osteoarthritis (OA) rat model. MethodsSodium iodoacetate (3 mg/50 μL) was used to induce OA in the left knee joint of rats. On day 14 after OA induction, 50 μL of SVF (5 × 106 cells), ADSCs (1 × 106 cells), or 0.9% normal saline (NS) was injected into the left knee-joint cavity of each group. ResultsA macroscopic view of the articular cartilage revealed a damaged, concave, and inflamed appearance in the NS group. Histological sections revealed that the cartilage in the NS group was uneven and thin and had hyperchromatic cell infiltration. Notably, the conditions of articular cartilages improved on day 7 after the SVF and ADSC treatments. Furthermore, the cartilage surface had recovered to nearly normal and appeared smooth and bright on day 14 in the SVF and ADSC groups, and a thick cartilage layer was observed on histology. Additionally, the white blood cell counts in the SVF and ADSC groups were higher than those in the NS group on day 14. Plasma IL-1β levels on days 7 and 14 were reduced in the SVF and ADSC groups. ConclusionThese results indicated that both SVF and ADSC treatments may assist in articular cartilage regeneration after cartilage injury. Cell therapy may benefit patients with OA. However, clinical trials with humans are required before the application of SVF and ADSC treatments in patients with OA.

scholarly journals Stromal-Vascular Fraction and Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Therapies Improve Cartilage Regeneration in Osteoarthritis-Induced Rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan-Ting Yang ◽  
Chun-Yen Ke ◽  
Kuang-Ting Yeh ◽  
Shyh-Geng Huang ◽  
Zi-Yang Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Stromal Vascular Fraction ◽  
Cartilage Regeneration ◽  
Left Knee ◽  
Cartilage Injury ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
White Blood Cell Counts ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cell

Abstract This study aimed to evaluated the effects of the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) and adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) on cartilage injury in an osteoarthritis (OA) rat model. Sodium iodoacetate (3mg/50µL) was used to induce OA in the left knee joint of rats. On day 14 after OA induction, 50µL of SVF(5×106cells), ADSCs(1×106cells), or 0.9% normal saline (NS) was injected into the left knee-joint cavity of each group. The macroscopic view and histological sections revealed that the articular cartilage in the NS group were damaged, inflamed, uneven and thin, and had hyperchromatic cell infiltration. Notably, the cartilage surface had recovered to nearly normal and appeared smooth and bright on day 14 in the SVF and ADSC groups. Additionally, the white blood cell counts in the SVF and ADSC groups were higher than those in the NS group on day 14. Plasma IL-1β levels on days 7 and 14 were reduced in the SVF and ADSC groups. These results indicated that both SVF and ADSC treatments may assist in articular cartilage regeneration after cartilage injury. Cell therapy may benefit patients with OA. However, clinical trials with humans are required before the application of SVF and ADSC treatments in patients with OA.

Comparison of Platelet-Rich Plasma, Stromal Vascular Fraction (SVF), or SVF with an Injectable PLGA Nanofiber Scaffold for the Treatment of Osteochondral Injury in Dogs

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (07) ◽  
pp. 686-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron Stoker ◽  
Chantelle Bozynski ◽  
Keiichi Kuroki ◽  
Kevin Clarke ◽  
Jed Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Stromal Vascular Fraction ◽  
Cartilage Regeneration ◽  
Stem Cell Therapies ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Nanofiber Scaffold ◽  
Injectable Scaffolds ◽  
Osteochondral Injury

AbstractStromal vascular fraction (SVF) contains a small number of mesenchymal stem cells and has been used as a treatment for osteoarthritis and cartilage injury. Due to limited evidence of successful cartilage regeneration with injected stem cell therapies, there is interest in combining cellular therapies with injectable scaffolding materials to increase intra-articular residence times of stem cells and improve tissue regeneration. However, the safety of intra-articular injection of SVF combined with injectable scaffolds is unestablished. Also, it is unclear if SVF therapy is superior to more easily prepared biologics, such as platelet-rich plasma (PRP). The purpose of this study was to assess the safety of SVF when combined with an injectable poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide) nanofiber scaffold and to provide a comparison of SVF therapy to PRP. A total of 12 Beagles had osteochondral defects created in both medial femoral condyles and 4 dogs each were allocated to treatment groups of SVF (n = 4), SVF plus PLGA scaffolding (n = 4), or leukoreduced PRP (n = 4). One knee in each dog received treatment, and the contralateral knee was sham treated with saline. Dogs were assessed over a 6-month period, and outcome measures included functional, radiographic, biochemical, and histological assessments. PRP treatment resulted in improvements in lameness scores and objective kinetic assessments of function. There were no statistically significant improvements in function, cartilage biochemical composition, or histology for SVF-treated knees. The combination of SVF and the injectable PLGA scaffold had worse outcomes than other groups including sham treatment based upon functional, biochemical, and histological assessments, raising concerns over the safety of this scaffold for intra-articular injection.

THE EFFECTS OF EARLY SYNOVECTOMY IN ACUTE SEPTIC ARTHRITIS: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY WITH STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS IN THE RABBIT KNEE JOINT

2002 ◽  
Vol 06 (03n04) ◽  
pp. 171-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Remzi A. Özerdemoglu ◽  
Ufuk Aydinli ◽  
Hüseyin Yorgancigil ◽  
Ömer Yerci
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Septic Arthritis ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Articular Surface ◽  
Left Knee ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Surgical Drainage

The objective of this study is to analyze the effects and benefits of subtotal synovectomy in the early stage of septic arthritis. seventy rabbits with septic arthritis of the left knee joint were treated at 24 or 72 hours after inoculation of Staphylococcus aureus, with different treatment modalities, including antibiotic therapy, arthrotomy, irrigation, and synovectomy. At the end of the 6th week, the knee joints were removed and examined both macroscopically and histologically. It was discovered that there was more significant degeneration at the articular surface of the femur than that of the tibia. antibiotic therapy alone was found to be insufficient to prevent the degeneration of articular cartilage. performing subtotal synovectomy had no statistically significant effect 24 hours after the inoculation of bacteria. However, adding subtotal synovectomy to the surgical drainage 72 hours after inoculation resulted in significantly lesser degeneration of the articular cartilage. Sufficient drainage and irrigation of the joint associated with antibiotic treatment seems to be an adequate choice of treatment at the very early stage of septic arthritis. However, in established septic arthritis, adding subtotal synovectomy to the surgical drainage resulted in significantly lesser degeneration of the articular cartilage.

scholarly journals Click chemistry-based pre-targeting cell delivery for cartilage regeneration

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia M Co ◽  
Samira Izuagbe ◽  
Jun Zhou ◽  
Ning Zhou ◽  
Xiankai Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Click Chemistry ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Cartilage Regeneration ◽  
Cartilage Injury ◽  
Cell Delivery ◽  
Polymer Carrier ◽  
Human Cartilage ◽  
Joint Injury ◽  
Cell Based Therapy

Abstract A fraction of the OA patient population is affected by post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) following acute joint injuries. Stopping or reversing the progression of PTOA following joint injury could improve long-term functional outcomes, reduced disability, and medical costs. To more effectively treat articular cartilage injury, we have developed a novel cell-based therapy that involves the pre-targeting of apoptotic chondrocytes and the delivery of healthy, metabolically active chondrocytes using click chemistry. Specifically, a pre-targeting agent was prepared via conjugating apoptotic binding peptide (ApoPep-1) and trans-cyclooctene (TCO) onto polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymer carrier. The pre-targeting agent would be introduced to injured areas of articular cartilage, leading to the accumulation of TCO groups on the injured areas from actively binding to apoptotic chondrocytes. Subsequently, methyltetrazine (Tz)-bearing chondrocytes would be immobilized on the surface of TCO-coated injured cartilage via Tz-TCO click chemistry reaction. Using an ex vivo human cartilage explant PTOA model, the effectiveness of this new approach was evaluated. Our studies show that this novel approach (Tz-TCO click chemistry) significantly enhanced the immobilization of healthy and metabolically active chondrocytes to the areas of apoptotic chondrocytes. Histological analyses demonstrated that this treatment regimen would significantly reduce the area of cartilage degeneration and enhance ECM regeneration. The results support that Tz-TCO click chemistry-mediated cell delivery approach has great potential in clinical applications for targeting and treatment of cartilage injury.

scholarly journals Transplantation of Nonexpanded Adipose Stromal Vascular Fraction and Platelet-Rich Plasma for Articular Cartilage Injury Treatment in Mice Model

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phuc Van Pham ◽  
Khanh Hong-Thien Bui ◽  
Dat Quoc Ngo ◽  
Lam Tan Khuat ◽  
Ngoc Kim Phan
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Stromal Vascular Fraction ◽  
Tumor Formation ◽  
Cartilage Injury ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Articular Cartilage Injury ◽  
Injury Treatment

Stromal vascular fraction (SVF) combined with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is commonly used in preclinical and clinical osteoarthritis as well as articular cartilage injury treatment. However, this therapy has not carefully evaluated the safety and the efficacy. This research aims to assess the safety and the efficacy of SVF combined with PRP transplantation. Ten samples of SVFs and PRPs from donors were used in this research. About safety, we evaluate the expression of some genes related to tumor formation such as Oct-4, Nanog, SSEA3, and SSEA4 by RT-PCR, flow cytometry, and tumor formation when injected in NOD/SCID mice. About efficacy, SVF was injected with PRP into murine joint that caused joint failure. The results showed that SVFs are negative with Oct-4, Nanog, SSEA-3, and SSEA-4, as well as they cannot cause tumors in mice. SVFs combined with PRP can improve the joint regeneration in mice. These results proved that SVFs combined with PRP transplantation is a promising therapy for articular cartilage injury treatment.

Advanced cell therapies for articular cartilage regeneration

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catarina Madeira ◽  
Aruna Santhagunam ◽  
João B. Salgueiro ◽  
Joaquim M.S. Cabral
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Cartilage Regeneration ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Articular Cartilage Regeneration

An Alternative Elastase-mediated Degradation of Fibrinogen and Fibrin Observed in a Patient with Herpes Simplex Encephalitis and Pneumonia

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (02) ◽  
pp. 184-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenji lijima ◽  
Fumiyo Murakami ◽  
Yasushi Horie ◽  
Katsumi Nakamura ◽  
Shiro Ikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
White Blood Cell ◽  
Herpes Simplex Encephalitis ◽  
Pmn Elastase ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Blood Cell Counts ◽  
Sds Page ◽  
White Blood Cell Counts ◽  
Pmn Élastase

SummaryA 74-year-old female developed pneumonia following herpes simplex encephalitis. Her white blood cell counts reached 28,400/μl, about 90% of which consisted of granulocytes. The polymorphonuclear (PMN) elastase/α1-arantitrypsin complex levels increased and reached the maximum of 5,019 ng/ml, indicating the release of a large amount of elastase derived from the granulocytes. The mechanism of PMN elastase release was most likely to be granulocyte destruction associated with phagocytosis. The cleavage of fibrinogen and fibrin by PMN elastase, independent of plasmin, was indicated by the presence of the fragments in immunoprecipitated plasma from the patient corresponding to elastase-induced FDP D and DD fragments and the absence of fragments corresponding to plasmin-induced FDP D and DD fragments on SDS-PAGE. These findings suggested that the large amount of PMN elastase released from the excessive numbers of granulocytes in this patient with herpes simplex encephalitis and pneumonia, induced the cleavage of fibrinogen and fibrin without the participation of plasmin.

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