scholarly journals Genetic Characterization of Rainfed Durum Wheat Genotypes Based On Functional Markers Associated With Grain Quality Proteins

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Moradi Kheibary ◽  
Reza Azizinezhad ◽  
Ali Mehras Mehrabi ◽  
Mahmood Khosrowshahli ◽  
Alireza Etminan
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Functional Markers ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Allele Number ◽  
Population Structure Analysis ◽  
Gliadin Alleles

Abstract Analysis of genetic diversity provides helpful information necessary to develop the breeding and conservation strategies of crops. In this study, the genetic diversity and population structure of 90 durum wheat genotypes maintained at Sararud Dryland Agricultural Research Institute, Kermanshah, Iran, were evaluated by using 23 gene-specific markers (functional markers, FMs) encoding high and low molecular weight glutenin and gliadin alleles. Results showed that 12 out of the 23 FMs used were polymorphic and amplified 52 polymorphic loci. Primer Ax2 ⃰ had the highest discriminatory power. The population structure analysis classified the durum wheat collection into four populations. On average, population 4, consisting of 8 genotypes, had the highest allele number as well as genetic variation. Analysis of molecular variance indicated that 82% of the total variation was distributed among populations. The diversity among populations and gene flow were 0.14 and 3.03, respectively. The Jaccard distance coefficient revealed that genetic dissimilarities ranged from 0.031 between G62 and G65 to 0.725 between G36 and G51. Neighbor-joining method clustered individuals into six main groups. Results showed a remarkable level of genetic diversity among studied durum wheat genotypes which can be of interest for future breeding programs.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity and Variability in Endangered Pantesco and Two Other Sicilian Donkey Breeds Assessed by Microsatellite Markers

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salvatore Bordonaro ◽  
Anna Maria Guastella ◽  
Andrea Criscione ◽  
Antonio Zuccaro ◽  
Donata Marletta
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Genetic Information ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Population Structure Analysis ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Differentiation Index

The genetic variability of Pantesco and other two Sicilian autochthonous donkey breeds (Ragusano and Grigio Siciliano) was assessed using a set of 14 microsatellites. The main goals were to describe the current differentiation among the breeds and to provide genetic information useful to safeguard the Pantesco breed as well as to manage Ragusano and Grigio Siciliano. In the whole sample, that included 108 donkeys representative of the three populations, a total of 85 alleles were detected. The mean number of alleles was lower in Pantesco (3.7), than in Grigio Siciliano and Ragusano (4.4 and 5.9, resp.). The three breeds showed a quite low level of gene diversity (He) ranging from 0.471 in Pantesco to 0.589 in Grigio. The overall genetic differentiation index (Fst) was quite high; more than 10% of the diversity was found among breeds. Reynolds’ () genetic distances, correspondence, and population structure analysis reproduced the same picture, revealing that, (a) Pantesco breed is the most differentiated in the context of the Sicilian indigenous breeds, (b) within Ragusano breed, two well-defined subgroups were observed. This information is worth of further investigation in order to provide suitable data for conservation strategies.

scholarly journals Molecular Genetic Diversity and Population Structure in Ethiopian Chickpea Germplasm Accessions

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 247
Author(s):  
Tsegaye Getahun ◽  
Kassahun Tesfaye ◽  
Asnake Fikre ◽  
Teklehaimanot Haileslassie ◽  
Annapurna Chitikineni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Molecular Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure Analysis ◽  
Trait Improvement ◽  
Population Structures ◽  
Germplasm Accessions

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is a cheap source of protein and rich in minerals for people living in developing countries. In order to assess the existing molecular genetic diversity and determine population structures in selected Ethiopian chickpea germplasm accessions (118), a set of 46 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers equally distributed on the chickpea genome were genotyped. A total of 572 alleles were detected from 46 SSR markers, and the number of alleles per locus varied from 2 (ICCM0289) to 28 (TA22). The average number of alleles per locus, polymorphism information content, and expected heterozygosity were 12, 0.684, and 0.699, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis grouped the 118 chickpea genotypes from diverse sources into three evolutionary and/or biological groups (improved desi, improved kabuli, and landraces). The population structure analysis revealed six sub-populations from 118 chickpea genotypes studied. AMOVA revealed that 57%, 29%, and 14% of the total genetic variations were observed among individuals, within populations, and among populations. The insights into the genetic diversity at molecular levels in the Ethiopian germplasm lines can be used for designing conservation strategies as well as the diverse germplasm lines identified in this study can be used for trait dissection and trait improvement.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity of Ethiopian durum wheat landraces

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0247016
Author(s):  
Kefyalew Negisho ◽  
Surafel Shibru ◽  
Klaus Pillen ◽  
Frank Ordon ◽  
Gwendolin Wehner
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Gene Flow ◽  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Total Variation ◽  
Population Structure Analysis ◽  
Wheat Landraces ◽  
Wheat Lines ◽  
Durum Wheat Landraces

Genetic diversity and population structure assessment in crops is essential for marker trait association, marker assisted breeding and crop germplasm conservation. We analyzed a set of 285 durum wheat accessions comprising 215 Ethiopian durum wheat landraces, 10 released durum wheat varieties, 10 advanced durum wheat lines from Ethiopia, and 50 durum wheat lines from CIMMYT. We investigated the genetic diversity and population structure for the complete panel as well as for the 215 landraces, separately based on 11,919 SNP markers with known physical positions. The whole panel was clustered into two populations representing on the one hand mainly the landraces, and on the other hand mainly released, advanced and CIMMYT lines. Further population structure analysis of the landraces uncovered 4 subgroups emphasizing the high degree of genetic diversity within Ethiopian durum landraces. Population structure based AMOVA for both sets unveiled significant (P < 0.001) variation between populations and within populations. Total variation within population accessions (81%, 76%) was higher than total variation between populations (19%, 24%) for both sets. Population structure analysis based genetic differentiation (FST) and gene flow (Nm) for the whole set and the Ethiopian landraces were 0.19 and 0.24, 1.04, and 0.81, respectively indicating high genetic differentiation and limited gene flow. Diversity indices verify that the landrace panel was more diverse with (I = 0.7, He = 0.46, uHe = 0.46) than the advanced lines (I = 0.6, He = 0.42, uHe = 0.42). Similarly, differences within the landrace clusters were observed. In summary a high genetic diversity within Ethiopian durum wheat landraces was detected, which may be a target for national and international wheat improvement programs to exploit valuable traits for biotic and abiotic stresses.

Genetic diversity of durum wheat genotypes using morpho-protein analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 677-686
Author(s):  
M. Rajabi Hashjin ◽  
M.H. Fotokian ◽  
M. Agahee Sarbrzeh ◽  
M. Mohammadi ◽  
D. Talei
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Protein Analysis ◽  
Wheat Genotypes

scholarly journals Genetic diversity and population structure analysis of Lateolabrax maculatus from Chinese coastal waters using polymorphic microsatellite markers

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Wang ◽  
Chunyan Ma ◽  
Longling Ouyang ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
Ming Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Structure Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Genetic Constitution ◽  
Southern Group ◽  
Population Structure Analysis ◽  
Lateolabrax Maculatus ◽  
Geographic Populations ◽  
Geographic Separation

AbstractIn order to provide valuable guidelines for the conservation of germplasm of Lateolabrax maculatus, the genetic diversity and population structure analysis were evaluated for eight geographic populations along coastal regions of China, using 11 microsatellite DNA markers. The genetic parameters obtained showed that, eight populations can be clustered into two groups, the Northern group and the Southern group, concordant with their geographical positions. The UPGMA tree constructed according to the Nei’s genetic distance along with the structure analysis and discriminant analysis of principal component also supported this result. This might be explained by the geographic separation and the divergent environmental conditions among the populations. It's worth noting that, QD (Qingdao) population from northern area was assigned to the Southern group and showed a close genetic relationship and similar genetic constitution with the southern populations. We speculated that large scales of anthropogenic transportation of wild fries from QD populations to the southern aquaculture areas in history should be the primary cause. The populations from GY (Ganyu), RD (Rudong) and BH (Binhai) had higher genetic diversity and showed limited genetic exchange with other populations, indicating better conservation of the natural resources in these regions. All populations were indicated to have experienced bottleneck events in history.

Geographic patterns of genetic variation and population structure in Pinus aristata, Rocky Mountain bristlecone pine

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna W. Schoettle ◽  
Betsy A. Goodrich ◽  
Valerie Hipkins ◽  
Christopher Richards ◽  
Julie Kray
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Bark Beetles ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Rocky Mountain ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Restricted Gene Flow ◽  
Populations At Risk ◽  
Bristlecone Pine ◽  
Pinus Aristata

Pinus aristata Engelm., Rocky Mountain bristlecone pine, has a narrow core geographic and elevational distribution, occurs in disjunct populations, and is threatened by rapid climate change, white pine blister rust, and bark beetles. Knowledge of genetic diversity and population structure will help guide gene conservation strategies for this species. Sixteen sites across four mountain ranges in the core distribution of P. aristata were sampled and genetic diversity was assessed with 21 isozyme loci. Low species and population level genetic diversity (He = 0.070 and 0.062, respectively) occurred with moderate among-population differentiation (FST = 0.131). Genetic diversity correlated with longitude, latitude, and elevation and a strong mountain island effect may contribute to substructuring and isolation. Using multiple complementary analyses, sampled trees were assigned to three genetic lineages that varied in diversity and admixture and were associated with different climatic factors. The distribution of genetic diversity and substructuring of P. aristata may be an outcome of a combination of restricted gene flow due to geographic and phenological isolation, random processes of genetic drift, life history traits, natural selection, and postglacial migrations. The combination of low genetic diversity, moderate population isolation, and a protracted regeneration dynamic puts populations at risk for extirpation by novel stresses.

scholarly journals Cross Species/Genera Transferability of SSR Markers, Genetic Diversity and Population Structure Analysis in Gladiolus (Gladiolus × grandiflorus L.) Genotypes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Varun Hiremath ◽  
Kanwar Pal Singh ◽  
Neelu Jain ◽  
Kishan Swaroop ◽  
Pradeep Kumar Jain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Structure Analysis ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Population Structure Analysis ◽  
Genetic Diversity And Structure

Abstract Genetic diversity and structure analysis using molecular markers is necessary for efficient utilization and sustainable management of gladiolus germplasm. Genetic analysis of gladiolus germplasm using SSR markers is largely missing due to scarce genomic information. In the present investigation, we report 66.66% cross transferability of Gladiolus palustris SSRs whereas 48% of Iris EST-SSRs were cross transferable across the gladiolus genotypes used in the study. A total of 17 highly polymorphic SSRs revealed a total 58 polymorphic loci ranging from two to six in each locus with an average of 3.41 alleles per marker. PIC values ranged from 0.11 to 0.71 with an average value of 0.48. Four SSRs were selectively neutral based on Ewens-Watterson test. Analysis of genetic structure of 84 gladiolus genotypes divided whole germplasm into two subpopulations. 35 genotypes were assigned to subpopulation 1 whereas 37 to subpopulation 2 and rest of the genotypes recorded as admixture. Analysis of molecular variance indicated maximum variance (53.59%) among individuals within subpopulations whereas 36.55% of variation observed among individuals within total population. Least variation (9.86%) was noticed between two subpopulations. Moderate (FST = 0.10) genetic differentiation of two subpopulations was observed. Grouping pattern of population structure was consistent with UPGMA dendrogram based on simple matching dissimilarity coefficient (ranged from 01.6 to 0.89) and PCoA. Genetic relationships assessed among the genotypes of respective clusters assist the breeders in selecting desirable parents for crossing. SSR markers from present study can be utilized for cultivar identification, conservation and sustainable utilization of gladiolus genotypes for crop improvement.

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