Fungicidal Activity of Five Disinfectants on Isolates of Candida Species

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Lucia Martinez Bajaire ◽  
Claudia Marcela Parra Giraldo ◽  
Jorge Alberto Cortes Luna ◽  
Janeth Arias Palacios
Keyword(s):  
Death Rate ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Fungicidal Activity ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Infectious Agent ◽  
Media Analysis ◽  
Candida Auris ◽  
Environmental Strain ◽  
Decimal Reduction Time ◽  
Reduction Time

Abstract Determine fungicidal activity of five disinfectants on Candida auris of clinical and environmental origin. Assess fungicidal efficiency of each disinfectants on the microorganism. Calculate percentage of efficiency (% E) of each disinfectants on Candida strain and determine specific death rate (k) and decimal reduction time for the microorganism. An analytic and experimental research with quantitative methods. We realized a strains workbench by culturing it in corresponding culture media. Analysis was a challenge essay, performed on four surfaces and at different exposure times; 1, 5, 15 and 30 minutes of contact between disinfectant and yeast. Once disinfection process was carried out, what was expected was that after 15 minutes of contact between the yeasts and the disinfectants, a percentage of inhibition of the microorganism between 90 and 95% was presented, thus guaranteeing the duration of elimination of the infectious agent by disinfectants. Results shows that after one minute of contact between Candida auris and the disinfectant in a gloved hand, there was a removal of the yeast, when the clinical and environmental strain were analyzed. Data showing disinfectants efficiency percentages greater than 90% over strains of Candida used in the study. Decimal reduction times in seconds of the strains of Candida against the disinfectants used in the study were between 9.3 and 14.04 s. It was possible to evaluate effectiveness by means inhibition percentage of each disinfectants on the strains of Candida auris of clinical and environmental origin. Similarly, specific death rate and decimal reduction time in seconds were determined for strains under study.

Amino acid metabolism of myeloma cells in culture

1976 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 609-615
Author(s):  
R.S. Roberts ◽  
H.W. Hsu ◽  
K.D. Lin ◽  
T.J. Yang
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Media Analysis ◽  
Sodium Pyruvate ◽  
Isoleucine Leucine ◽  
Myeloma Protein ◽  
Simple Modification ◽  
Myeloma Cells

The growth of myeloma cells in Leibovitz medium supplemented with 20% serum was limited by the depletion of glutamine. A simple modification of the Leibovitz medium by increasing the concentrations of glutamine, lysine, isoleucine, leucine, sodium pyruvate, galactose, and vitamins resulted in over 100% increase in cell growth yield. The total myeloma protein produced by the cells was increased by approximately 90% in modified Leibovitz media. Analysis of spent culture media for 19 amino acids showed that the concentrations of 8 amino acids were reduced; those of 5 amino acids were increased and the other 6 did not change significantly.

scholarly journals Assessment of Candida auris Response to Antifungal Drugs Using Time–Kill Assays and an Animal Model

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S73-S73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronen Ben-Ami ◽  
Liat Ashkenazi ◽  
Judith Berman ◽  
Nuphar Korolker ◽  
Anna Novikov
Keyword(s):  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Fungicidal Activity ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
Candida Auris ◽  
Fungistatic Activity ◽  
Kill Curve ◽  
Time Kill

Abstract Background Candida auris is an emerging nosocomial pathogen that is resistant to Fluconazole and variably susceptible to other systemic drug classes. Treatment with echinocandins has been recommended based on MICs in the susceptible range, but supporting in vivo data is lacking. Methods We tested the MIC of C. auris strains (n = 12) to fluconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole. anidulafungin, amphotericin B and flucytosine. Representative C. auris strains from Israel and South Africa, and a reference C. albicans strain were analysed using time–kill curve assays. Fungicidal activity was defined as reduction of ≥3 log from baseline CFU/ml. Response to caspofungin treatment was assessed in BALB/c mice immunosuppressed with cyclophosphamide and inoculated with 7 × 107C. auris cells by tail vein injection. Mice were treated from day +1 to day +7 with caspofungin (IP) at doses of 1 or 5 mg/kg and compared with sham-treated controls. Survival was assessed daily. Kaplan-Meier survival analyses were performed and treatment arms were compared using the log-rank test. Results Drug susceptibility results (MIC50 and MIC90) were: fluconazole, 64 and 128 mg/l; voriconazole, 0.5 and 24 mg/l; posaconazole, 0.5 and 27 mg/l; anidulafungin, 0.03 and 0.06 mg/l; amphotericin B, 2 and 8 mg/l; flucytosine, 0.3 and 1 mg/l. Time–kill curve analyses showed log reduction from baseline CFU concentration of −3.0 to −2.8 for fluconazole (MIC ×1), 5.6–6.1 for amphotericin B (MIC ×4) and −0.4 to −0.9 for caspofungin (MIC ×16), consistent with fungicidal activity of amphotericin B and weak fungistatic activity of caspofungin. In the mouse model, survival rate was similar with sham treatment (33%) and treatment with caspofungin 1 mg/kg/day (44%) and 5 mg/kg/day (22%), P = 0.7. Conclusion Despite generally low MIC, caspofungin has only mild fungistatic activity on C. auris and no effect on survival in a mouse infection model. Amphotericin B has fungicidal activity against C. auris. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals Determination of decimal reduction time (D-value) of chemical agents used in hospital disinfection

2003 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 33-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscila Gava Mazzola ◽  
Alzira Maria da Silva Martins ◽  
Thereza Christina Vessoni Penna
Keyword(s):  
Decimal Reduction Time ◽  
Reduction Time ◽  
Chemical Agents ◽  
D Value

Revisiting Culture

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 171-184
Author(s):  
Özen Odağ ◽  
Katja Hanke
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
International Media ◽  
Cross Cultural Communication ◽  
The Social ◽  
Values And Beliefs ◽  
Media Markets ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Culture is an important dimension to consider in media psychological scholarship, though to date little media psychological research exists that takes culture into account. This paper systematically reviews existing studies of the relationship between culture and media uses/processes/effects and identifies six fields of research: uses and gratifications, social identity, acculturation, diaspora communication, cross- and intercultural communication, and international media markets. The majority of this research is fragmented to the extent that separate approaches and findings of the two pillar disciplines of media psychology (psychology and communication) are not integrated: the social identity and acculturation literature approaches the relationship between culture, media uses/processes/effects from an exclusively psychological angle, using predominantly psychological theories and quantitative methods. Diaspora communication, inter-and cross-cultural communication, and international media markets research is dominated by communication theories and qualitative methods. A theoretical model is presented that integrates concepts of culture into media psychological scholarship on both a supra-individual macro-level (drawing on constructs such as individualism/collectivism, power distance, uncertainty avoidance) and an individual micro-level (drawing on constructs such as social identity, self-construals, values, and beliefs).

Death and injury of Staphylococcus aureus during thermal treatment of milk

1977 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 1034-1037 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Firstenberg-Eden ◽  
B. Rosen ◽  
C. H. Mannheim
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Thermal Shock ◽  
Free Medium ◽  
Decimal Reduction Time ◽  
Reduction Time ◽  
Z Value ◽  
Increasing Temperature

Staphylococcus aureus isolated from milk and grown in milk was heated in milk. The phenomena of death as well as injury was investigated in the range of 50 to 75 °C. The D60 value (decimal reduction time on salt-free medium) was 0.87 min, the D′60 value (decimal reduction time in salt-containing medium) was 0.62 min. Cultures were injured as soon as heating started. This initial thermal shock increased with increasing temperature. At 50–60 °C injury was more rapid than death. At > 60 °C death became faster than injury and the two processes coincided at 70 °C. The Z value was 9.46 °C and the Z′ value was 9.93 °C.

NMR-based metabolic profiling of human hepatoma cells in relation to cell growth by culture media analysis

2006 ◽  
Vol 1760 (11) ◽  
pp. 1723-1731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberta Tomassini Miccheli ◽  
Alfredo Miccheli ◽  
Roberta Di Clemente ◽  
Mariacristina Valerio ◽  
Pierpaolo Coluccia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Growth ◽  
Metabolic Profiling ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Hepatoma Cells ◽  
Media Analysis ◽  
Human Hepatoma ◽  
Human Hepatoma Cells

scholarly journals Thermal Inactivation of Bacillus anthracis Spores in Cow's Milk

2006 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 4479-4483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sa Xu ◽  
Theodore P. Labuza ◽  
Francisco Diez-Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Anthracis ◽  
Thermal Process ◽  
Thermal Inactivation ◽  
Activation Energies ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Decimal Reduction Time ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Reduction Time ◽  
Bacillus Anthracis Spores ◽  
Ultrahigh Temperature

ABSTRACT Decimal reduction time (time to inactivate 90% of the population) (D) values of Bacillus anthracis spores in milk ranged from 3.4 to 16.7 h at 72�C and from 1.6 to 3.3 s at 112�C. The calculated increase of temperature needed to reduce the D value by 90% varied from 8.7 to 11.0�C, and the Arrhenius activation energies ranged from 227.4 to 291.3 kJ/mol. Six-log-unit viability reductions were achieved at 120�C for 16 s. These results suggest that a thermal process similar to commercial ultrahigh-temperature pasteurization could inactivate B. anthracis spores in milk.

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