Online single-shot pulse reconstruction for optimizing a seeded X-ray free-electron laser

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Zeng ◽  
Duan Gu ◽  
Chao Feng ◽  
Bo Liu ◽  
Zhentang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Free Electron ◽  
Molecular System ◽  
Single Shot ◽  
X Ray ◽  
System A ◽  
Precise Knowledge ◽  
Longitudinal Profiles ◽  
Temporal Profiles ◽  
And Control ◽  
First Time

Abstract X-ray free-electron lasers (FELs) hold promising prospects for opening up opportunities for ultra-fast sciences at the atomic and molecular system. A precise knowledge of temporal information of FEL pulses is the central issue for experiments. Here we demonstrated an online diagnostic method to determine the FEL temporal profiles at the Shanghai Soft X-ray FEL facility. This robust method, designed for seeded FELs, allows researchers to acquire real-time longitudinal profiles of FEL pulses with a resolution better than 3fs. Based on this method, for the first time, we can directly observe the generation and evolution of a seeded FEL online. This helps us to further understand the physics and realize the lasing of a stable, nearly fully coherent soft X-ray FEL through a two-stage harmonic up-shift configuration. This method also provides an intuitive way for precise detection and control of the relative timing between electron beams and external optical lasers.

scholarly journals Online single-shot pulse reconstruction for optimizing a seeded X-ray free-electron laser

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Zeng ◽  
Duan Gu ◽  
Chao Feng ◽  
Bo Liu ◽  
Zhentang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Free Electron ◽  
Molecular System ◽  
Single Shot ◽  
X Ray ◽  
System A ◽  
Precise Knowledge ◽  
Longitudinal Profiles ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Temporal Profiles ◽  
And Control

Abstract X-ray free-electron lasers (FELs) hold promising prospects for opening up opportunities for ultra-fast sciences at the atomic and molecular system. A precise knowledge of temporal information of FEL pulses is the central issue for experiments. Here we proposed and demonstrated an online diagnostic method to determine the FEL temporal profiles at the Shanghai Soft X-ray FEL facility. This robust method, designed for seeded FELs, allows researchers to acquire real-time longitudinal profiles of FEL pulses with a resolution better than 3 fs. Based on this method, for the first time, we can directly measure various properties of FEL pulses from two stages and correlations between them online. This helps us to further understand the physics and realize the lasing of a stable, nearly fully coherent soft X-ray FEL through a two-stage harmonic up-shift configuration. This method also provides an intuitive way for precise detection and control of the relative timing between electron beams and external optical lasers.

scholarly journals Toward unsupervised single-shot diffractive imaging of heterogeneous particles using X-ray free-electron lasers

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (23) ◽  
pp. 28729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyung Joo Park ◽  
N. Duane Loh ◽  
Raymond G. Sierra ◽  
Christina Y. Hampton ◽  
Dmitri Starodub ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Electron ◽  
Single Shot ◽  
Free Electron Lasers ◽  
Diffractive Imaging ◽  
X Ray

scholarly journals Erratum: Single Shot Coherence Properties of the Free-Electron Laser SACLA in the Hard X-ray Regime

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix Lehmkühler ◽  
Christian Gutt ◽  
Birgit Fischer ◽  
Martin A. Schroer ◽  
Marcin Sikorski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Electron ◽  
Free Electron Laser ◽  
Single Shot ◽  
X Ray

scholarly journals Single Shot Coherence Properties of the Free-Electron Laser SACLA in the Hard X-ray Regime

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix Lehmkühler ◽  
Christian Gutt ◽  
Birgit Fischer ◽  
Martin A. Schroer ◽  
Marcin Sikorski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Electron ◽  
Free Electron Laser ◽  
Single Shot ◽  
X Ray

scholarly journals Multiple application X-ray imaging chamber for single-shot diffraction experiments with femtosecond X-ray laser pulses

2014 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 188-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changyong Song ◽  
Kensuke Tono ◽  
Jaehyun Park ◽  
Tomio Ebisu ◽  
Sunam Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Electron ◽  
Single Pulse ◽  
Laser Pulses ◽  
Atomic Scale ◽  
Single Shot ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Structural Investigations ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Multiple Application ◽  
X Ray Imaging

X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) provide intense (∼1012 photons per pulse) coherent X-rays with ultra-short (∼10−14 s) pulse lengths. X-rays of such an unprecedented nature have introduced new means of atomic scale structural investigations, and discoveries are still ongoing. Effective use of XFELs would be further accelerated on a highly adaptable platform where most of the new experiments can be realized. Introduced here is the multiple-application X-ray imaging chamber (MAXIC), which is able to carry out various single-pulse diffraction experiments including single-shot imaging, nanocrystallographic data acquisition and ultra-fast pump–probe scattering for specimens in solid, liquid and gas phases. The MAXIC established at the SPring-8 ångström compact free-electron laser (SACLA) has demonstrated successful applications in the aforementioned experiments, but is not limited to them. Also introduced are recent experiments on single-shot diffraction imaging of Au nanoparticles and serial crystallographic data collection of lysozyme crystals at SACLA.

scholarly journals Spectral monitoring at SwissFEL using a high-resolution on-line hard X-ray single-shot spectrometer

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian David ◽  
Gediminas Seniutinas ◽  
Mikako Makita ◽  
Benedikt Rösner ◽  
Jens Rehanek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Electron ◽  
Free Electron Laser ◽  
Reference Data ◽  
Diffraction Order ◽  
Laser Pulses ◽  
Single Shot ◽  
Spectral Measurements ◽  
X Ray ◽  
On Line ◽  
Spectral Monitoring

The performance and parameters of the online photon single-shot spectrometer (PSSS) at the Aramis beamline of the SwissFEL free-electron laser are presented. The device operates between the photon energies 4 and 13 keV and uses diamond transmission gratings and bent Si crystals for spectral measurements on the first diffraction order of the beam. The device has an energy window of 0.7% of the median photon energy of the free-electron laser pulses and a spectral resolution (full width at half-maximum) ΔE/E on the order of 10−5. The device was characterized by comparing its performance with reference data from synchrotron sources, and a parametric study investigated other effects that could affect the reliability of the spectral information.

Single-shot arrival timing diagnostics for a soft X-ray free-electron laser beamline at SACLA

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeki Owada ◽  
Kyo Nakajima ◽  
Tadashi Togashi ◽  
Tetsuo Kayatama ◽  
Makina Yabashi
Keyword(s):  
Free Electron ◽  
Free Electron Laser ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Laser Pulses ◽  
Single Shot ◽  
Simultaneous Operation ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Arrival Timing ◽  
Optical Laser

Arrival timing diagnostics performed at a soft X-ray free-electron laser (FEL) beamline of SACLA are described. Intense soft X-ray FEL pulses with one-dimensional focusing efficiently induce transient changes of optical reflectivity on the surface of GaAs. The arrival timing between soft X-ray FEL and optical laser pulses was successfully measured as a spatial position of the reflectivity change. The temporal resolution evaluated from the imaging system reaches ∼10 fs. This method requires only a small portion of the incident pulse energy, which enables the simultaneous operation of the arrival timing diagnostics and experiments by introducing a wavefront-splitting scheme.

scholarly journals Time-resolved ionization measurements with intense ultrashort XUV and X-ray free-electron laser pulses

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Tkachenko ◽  
Martin Büscher ◽  
Hauke Höppner ◽  
Nikita Medvedev ◽  
Vladimir Lipp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Electron ◽  
Impact Ionization ◽  
Extreme Ultraviolet ◽  
Laser Pulses ◽  
Index Of Refraction ◽  
Single Shot ◽  
Monte Carlo Code ◽  
Thermal Transitions ◽  
Time Jitter ◽  
X Ray

AbstractModern free-electron lasers (FEL) operating in XUV (extreme ultraviolet) or X-ray range allow an access to novel research areas. An example is the ultrafast ionization of a solid by an intense femtosecond FEL pulse in XUV which consequently leads to a change of the complex index of refraction on an ultrashort timescale. The photoionization and subsequent impact ionization resulting in electronic and atomic dynamics are modeled with our hybrid code XTANT(X-ray thermal and non-thermal transitions) and a Monte Carlo code XCASCADE(X-ray-induced electron cascades). The simulations predict the temporal kinetics of FEL-induced electron cascades and thus yield temporally and spatially resolved information on the induced changes of the optical properties. In a series of experiments at FERMI and LCLS, single shot measurements with spatio-temporal encoding of the ionization process have been performed by a correlation of the FEL pump pulse with an optical femtosecond probe pulse. An excellent agreement between the experiment and the simulation has been found. We also show that such kind of experiments forms the basis for pulse duration and arrival time jitter monitoring as currently under development for XUV-FELs.

scholarly journals Microchemical analysis of Leonardo da Vinci’s lead white paints reveals knowledge and control over pigment scattering properties

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Gonzalez ◽  
Selwin Hageraats ◽  
Gilles Wallez ◽  
Myriam Eveno ◽  
Elisabeth Ravaud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Da Vinci ◽  
Leonardo Da Vinci ◽  
Lead White ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
White Pigment ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Microchemical Analysis ◽  
Precise Knowledge ◽  
And Control

AbstractLeonardo da Vinci (1452–1519) is a key artistic and scientific figure of the Renaissance. He is renowned for his science of art, taking advantage of his acute observations of nature to achieve striking pictorial results. This study describes the analysis of an exceptional sample from one of Leonardo’s final masterpieces: The Virgin and Child with St. Anne (Musée du Louvre, Paris, France). The sample was analyzed at the microscale by synchrotron-based hyperspectral photoluminescence imaging and high-angular X-ray diffraction. The results demonstrate Leonardo’s use of two subtypes of lead white pigment, thus revealing how he must have possessed a precise knowledge of his materials; carefully selecting them according to the aesthetical results he aimed at achieving in each painting. This work provides insights on how Leonardo obtained these grades of pigment and proposes new clues regarding the optical and/or working properties he may have tried to achieve.

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