scholarly journals Determination of Time-to-ignition and Flaming Duration of Biomasses in a Muffle Furnace

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Aleixo Aleixo Silva ◽  
Natália Carvalho ◽  
Ariane Aparecida Felix Pires ◽  
Elias Ricardo Durango Padilla ◽  
Ana Larissa Santiago Hansted ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ignition Time ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Muffle Furnace ◽  
Energy Characteristics ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
High Heating Value ◽  
Solid Biofuels ◽  
Time To Ignition ◽  
Volatile Materials

Abstract Measuring the energy characteristics of solid biofuels can help to determine the most suitable species for combustion. The objective of this study is to propose a new methodology for determining the ignition time and flaming duration in lignocellulosic biomass. A muffle furnace was used, instead of an epiradiador, to measure the variables. The optimal oven temperature was defined according to the average time-to-ignition of biomasses in the literature. Ten biomasses were analyzed to obtain their high heating value, volatile matter, fixed carbon content, ash content, time-to-ignition, and flaming duration. The results showed a high correlation between the biomass volatile content, time-to-ignition, and flaming duration. In the literature, it is described that high levels of volatile materials accelerate the ignition of the material. Thus, the association between the volatile matter and the variables analyzed justifies the use of the muffle furnace methodology. Furthermore, biomasses with high levels of volatile matter have longer flaming durations than other solid biofuels.

scholarly journals The Investigation of Mercury Contents in Polish Coal Samples

2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michał Wichliński ◽  
Rafał Kobyłecki ◽  
Zbigniew Bis
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Mercury Content ◽  
Hard Coal ◽  
Fixed Carbon ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
High Heating Value ◽  
Enrichment Process

Abstract This paper presents the results of the investigation associated with the determination of mercury content in Polish hard coal and lignite samples. Those coals are major fuels used for electricity generation in Poland. The results indicated that the average content of mercury in the coal samples was roughly about 100 ng/g. Apart from the determination of the mercury contents a detailed ultimate and proximate analysis of the coal samples was also carried out. The relationships between the mercury content and ash, as well as fixed carbon, volatile matter, sulfur, and high heating value of the coal samples were also established. Furthermore, the effect of coal enrichment was also investigated, and it was found that the enrichment process enabled the removal of up to 75% of the coal mercury from the samples.

scholarly journals Prediction of regional agro-industrial wastes characteristics by thermogravimetric analysis to obtain bioenergy using thermal process

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 544-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandra Saffe ◽  
Anabel Fernandez ◽  
Germán Mazza ◽  
Rosa Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Application Range ◽  
High Heating Value ◽  
One Step ◽  
Standard Techniques

The use of energy from biomass is becoming more common worldwide. This energy source has several benefits that promote its acceptance; it is bio-renewable, non-toxic and biodegradable. To predict its behavior as a fuel during thermal treatment, its characterization is necessary. The experimental determination of ultimate analysis data requires special instrumentation, while proximate analysis data can be obtained easily by using common equipment but, the required time is high. In this work, a methodology is applied based on thermogravimetric analysis, curves deconvolution and empirical correlations for characterizing different regional agro-industrial wastes to determine the high heating value, the contents of moisture, volatiles matter, fixed carbon, ash, carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose. The obtained results are similar to those using standard techniques, showing the accuracy of proposed method and its wide application range. This methodology allows to determine the main parameters required for industrial operation in only in one step, saving time.

scholarly journals Prediction of higher heating value of oat grain and straw biomass

2020 ◽  
Vol 154 ◽  
pp. 01003
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Górnicki ◽  
Agnieszka Kaleta ◽  
Radosław Winiczenko
Keyword(s):  
Heating Value ◽  
Ultimate Analysis ◽  
Volatile Materials

The aim of the study was modelling of HHV of oat (grain and straw) biomass. The content of ash, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, moisture, volatile materials and the higher heating value of oat (grain and straw) biomass was measured. The possibility of using twenty models from the literature to describe HHV of oat was examined. The following models: HHV=19.914-0.2324A and HHV=-3.0368+0.2218VM+0.2601FC are recommended for determining of HHV of oat (RMSE of the range 0.13-0.28). The models based on ultimate analysis gave worse results in determination of HHV for oat.

Production of Briquettes from a Blend of HDPE (High Density Polyethylene) Plastic Wastes and Teak (Tectona grandis Linn. f) Sawdust Using Different Natural Adhesives as the Binder

2021 ◽  
Vol 882 ◽  
pp. 273-279
Author(s):  
R.M. Faisal ◽  
Alvin Ardian ◽  
Via Khoiriyah ◽  
Achmad Chafidz
Keyword(s):  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
Rice Flour ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
High Density ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
High Heating Value ◽  
High Heating ◽  
Plastic Bag

HDPE (High Density Polyethylene) is one type of plastics that has been used in many various applications. We frequently used it in our daily life, such as plastic bag, dairy products packaging, etc., which often end up being waste, which is non-biodegradable. This plastic waste has good potential to be used in production of briquettes because it has a high heating value. Teak sawdust is also considered waste and usually not properly utilized. Nevertheless, it has a high heating value and sufficiently low level of volatile matter. Therefore, mixing HDPE plastic waste with biomass charcoal such as teak sawdust to make briquettes as an alternative domestic fuel is an interesting idea. The objective of this research was to make briquettes by mixing HDPE plastic waste and teak sawdust. The effects of two different natural adhesives (i.e. rice flour and corn flour) and the ratio of plastic waste and teak sawdust were investigated. The results of the experiment show that the best ratio of plastic waste and teak sawdust that produce the best quality of briquettes in this study was 50% : 50% and by using rice flour adhesive. The following are the results for this sample, the duration of fire starts to ignite was about 2.3 minutes; the duration of fire boils 125 mL of water was 12.8 minutes; and the duration of the briquettes burn to ashes was about 62 minutes.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF EXTRACTIVES AND CARBONIZATION TEMPERATURE ON ENERGY CHARACTERISTICS OF WOOD WASTE IN AMAZON RAINFOREST

CERNE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordão Cabral Moulin ◽  
João Rodrigo Coimbra Nobre ◽  
Jonnys Paz Castro ◽  
Paulo Fernando Trugilho ◽  
Marina Donária Chaves Arantes
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component ◽  
Carbonization Temperature ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Wood Waste ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Energy Characteristics ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
High Heating Value ◽  
High Heating ◽  
A Company

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of extractives soluble in hot water, besides final carbonization temperatures, on the gravimetric yield and properties of charcoal for waste of three native forest species from the Amazon region. Waste cuttings of Ipé, Grapia and Maçaranduba species, from the machine processing for joinery of a company in the State of Pará, were used. Carbonization was carried out in an adapted electric furnace with a heating rate of 1.67°C min-1 and final temperatures of 500, 600 and 700°C. The waste was carbonized fresh after extraction in hot water to remove extractives. Gravimetric yields were analyzed, as well as chemical features and high heating value. In the evaluation of the experiment, arranged in a factorial scheme with three factors (species x temperature x material with and without extraction), and Principal Component Analysis used too. The presence of extractives (soluble in hot water) from wood waste had little influence on the gravimetric yield and immediate chemical composition of charcoal; however, it showed a greater high heating value and lower contents of hydrogen and nitrogen. The increase in the final carbonization temperature reduced the gravimetric yield in charcoal, the content of volatile materials and hydrogen, with a higher content of fixed carbon, carbon and high heating value. The treatments with the best energy characteristics were obtained from Ipé and Maçaranduba charcoals with extractives produced at 600°C, in addition to Ipê and Maçaranduba charcoals with and without extractives obtained at 700°C.

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