scholarly journals Occurrence and health risk assessment of perfluorinated substances from water in residential areas around fluorine chemical industry, China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaxi Tang ◽  
Yongle Zhu ◽  
Yu Li ◽  
Biao Xiang ◽  
Ting Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Risk ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Flow Direction ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Perfluorooctane Sulfonate ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Contribution Rate ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Risk Quotient ◽  
Polyfluoroalkyl Substances

Abstract To identify the contamination status and assess the health risk of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in surface and ground water are of great significance recently. Eighteen individual PFASs were analyzed in thirty-three surface/ground water samples from fluorine industry in one period of park-A (park A) and two periods of park B. All the short chain PFASs (C < 8) and chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonate acid (F-53B) in the park A and B were detected with 100%. The first three detected substances of perfluorobutane sulfonate (PFBS), perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) were the predominant substances. The contamination status in wet season (WS) is stronger than in dry season (DS) in park B. Total concentration of PFASs(∑PFASs) in park A presented the increasing tendency following the groundwater flow direction whereas this rule was limited to reflect in all periods of park B. Applying different relative source contribution (RSC) of 100% and 20% to assess this risk of different aged group bodies from PFASs, the result was that all PFASs (4 ≤ C ≤ 7 or 9 ≤ C ≤ 12) while perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and PFOA (C = 8) were identified to the low risk quotient (RQ) contribution. Mixed RQmix value mainly relies on the PFOA and PFOS with a larger contribution rate of 80–90%. All assessed cases (Case 1, Case2, Case3 and Case4) to all aged groups reveal the infants were to be vulnerable to PFASs influence, followed by the children, teenagers and adults, respectively.

Analytical solution for estimating the influence of a pre-existing ground water flow on a geothermal heat production-injection well system

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
I. David ◽  
M. Visescu
Keyword(s):  
Ground Water ◽  
Water Flow ◽  
Geothermal Energy ◽  
Flow Direction ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Injection Well ◽  
Production Well ◽  
Ground Water Flow ◽  
The Earth

Abstract Geothermal energy source is the heat from the Earth, which ranges from the shallow ground (the upper 100 m of the Earth) to the hot water and hot rock which is a few thousand meters beneath the Earth's surface. In both cases the so-called open systems for geothermal energy resource exploitation consist of a groundwater production well to supply heat energy and an injection well to return the cooled water, from the heat pump after the thermal energy transfer, in the underground. In the paper an analytical method for a rapid estimation of the ground water flow direction effect on the coupled production well and injection well system will be proposed. The method will be illustrated with solutions and images for representative flow directions respect to the axis of the production/injection well system.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF HAZARDS OF WASTE MATERIALS IN CLINICS AND HOSPITALS: A RESEARCH

2014 ◽  
Vol 04 (03) ◽  
pp. 011-014
Author(s):  
Ram Kumar Srivastava ◽  
Iqbal Ali ◽  
Puneet Wadhawani ◽  
Anand Kumar ◽  
Praveen Awasthi
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Domestic Waste ◽  
Urban Waste ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Health Care Waste

AbstractWastes from the cities and villages cannot be avoided from man's existence. It is essential to safely put these unwanted or discarded material away, in the interest of the community. During human activities a lot of waste matter is produced due to various development project, industrialization and modernization of the community. In this study waste materials were collected from various hospitals and rural and urban residential areas. These wastes were divided into two main categories- Health care waste and domestic waste. The survey indicated 80% solid waste deals with the domestic and urban waste while only 20% deals with the health care waste. The health care waste is regarded hazardous and may cause a variety of health risk.

scholarly journals Impact of landfill leachate contamination on surface and groundwater of Bangladesh: a systematic review and possible public health risks assessment

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahmida Parvin ◽  
Shafi M. Tareq
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Human Health ◽  
World Health ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Landfill Sites

AbstractDumping of solid waste in the non-engineered landfill is very common in the developing countries. Among the different disadvantages of this kind of landfilling, leachate is the major concern to public health, which is a toxic byproduct generated from the landfill; and can percolate to the ground water and consequently migrate in surface water. Using systematic review on published data, the present study endeavors to compare the leachate contamination potential of four major landfills of Bangladesh, named Amin Bazar, Matuail, Mogla Bazar and Rowfabad; which are situated in 3 of the 6 big mega cities of Bangladesh and assessed the effects of leachate leakage on surrounding water body as well as on human health. This study, for the first time calculated the leachate pollution index (LPI) for the landfill sites of Bangladesh and found that the LPI of Matuail landfill site (19.81) is much higher which is comparable to some polluted landfill sites of India and Malaysia. The concentrations of several potentially toxic metals found in the surface and ground water in the vicinity of the landfill sites were above the maximum permissible limit values of department of Environment, Bangladesh and World Health Organization (WHO). The human health risk index for toxic heavy metals in different vegetables and rice grain showed high health risk potential for Pb, Cd, Ni, and Mn. The total carcinogenic risk for Ni and Pb are found very high in the edible plants near those landfill sites, suggesting the risk of Ni and Pb induced carcinogenesis by the consumption of those plants. The present conditions of surface, ground water and agriculture products near the landfill sites of Bangladesh are much frightening to the biota and local inhabitants.

scholarly journals Dataset for effect comparison of irrigation by wastewater and ground water on amount of heavy metals in soil and vegetables: Accumulation, transfer factor and health risk assessment

Data in Brief ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 1702-1710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elhameh Cheshmazar ◽  
Hossein Arfaeinia ◽  
Kamaladdin Karimyan ◽  
Hooshmand Sharafi ◽  
Seyed Enayat Hashemi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Transfer Factor

scholarly journals Heavy metal levels in drinking water sources of Chingola District, Zambia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis Hamwiinga ◽  
Chisala D. Meki ◽  
Patricia Mubita ◽  
Hikabasa Halwiindi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Drinking Water Sources ◽  
Metal Levels

Abstract Background: One of the factors impeding access to safe water is water pollution. Of particular concern is heavy metal contamination of water bodies. This study was aimed at determining the levels of heavy metals in drinking water sources of Chingola District of Zambia. Methods: A cross sectional study was employed. A total of 60 water samples were collected. Thirsty (30) samples were collected in the dry season in the month of October 2016 and another 30 in the wet season in the months of February and March, 2017. For each season 10 water samples were collected from each of the three water sources. i.e. Tap water, Urban ground water sources and Rural ground water sources. Heavy metal analysis was done using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS).Results: This study revealed that the concentrations of Iron, Manganese, Lead, Nickel and Arsenic were beyond maximum permissible levels in various water sources. Combined averages for both dry and wet seasons were as follows: Iron: 2.3, Copper: 0.63, Cobalt: 0.02, Manganese: 0.36, Lead: 0.04, Zinc:3.2, Nickel: 0.03, Arsenic: 0.05. Chromium and Cadmium were below detection limit in all water samples. The median concentrations of iron, arsenic, copper, manganese in drinking water from the Tap, rural and urban ground water sources were different, and this difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). The median concentrations of arsenic, nickel, manganese and cobalt were different between dry and wet season, and this difference was statistically significant (p<0.05).Conclusions: Sources of heavy metals in water seems to be both natural and from human activities. The concentration of heavy metals in different water sources in this study was found to be above the recommended levels. This calls for improvement in water monitoring to protect the health of the public. Therefore, there is need for continuous monitoring of heavy metals in drinking water sources by regulatory authorities.

scholarly journals Healthier breath for all and everywhere – Urban air quality monitoring experience

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
J Gajic ◽  
D Dimovski ◽  
B Vukajlovic ◽  
M Jevtic
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Urban Health ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Danube River ◽  
Quality Monitoring ◽  
Air Quality Monitoring ◽  
Residential Areas

Abstract Issue/problem Increasing attention is being paid to air pollution as one of the greatest threats to public and urban health. The WHO’s Urban Health Initiative points out the importance of collecting data and mapping the present state of air quality in urban areas. For citizens, such engagement is enabled by the appearance of personal air quality measurement devices that use crowd-sourcing to make measurement results publicly accessible in real time. Description of the problem As a way of contributing to air pollution monitoring in their town, three PhD Public health students conducted over 40 measurements between the start of June and end of August 2018 on various locations in the city of Novi Sad, Serbia. Measurements were performed using AirBeam personal air quality monitoring devices and their results presented as μg/m3 of Particulate Matter 2.5 (PM2.5) and automatically uploaded to the internet using the Air-casting app. Results Measurements conducted in public transportation vehicles returned the rather high average value of 40 μg/m3, where coffee shops and restaurants scored an even higher value of 48,67 μg/m3. The lowest average air pollution levels were registered near the Danube river bank (5.67) and in the parks (6), while the sites near crossroads or in the street showed average air pollution of 8.33 μg/m3. Residential areas where smoking is present during the day reported 2.5 times higher PM2.5 values than those without smokers (33.8 and 12.78 μg/m3). Lessons Bearing in mind that the air quality is considered as a serious health risk in urban areas, results of this pilot investigation suggest potential health risk for citizens living in urban areas. The negative effects of combustion and smoking on air quality are strongly highlighted, as well as the positive impact of green areas and parks near residential areas. Key messages Air pollution exposure as a serious health risk in urban areas. Crowdsourcing as a way of air quality monitoring has great potential for contributing to public health.

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