scholarly journals Visceral Adipose Tissue Promotes Pressure-Induced Heart Failure Associated with Circulating Fatty Acids

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjiao Shi ◽  
Yuanzhi Peng ◽  
Jianer Du ◽  
Xiaojian Weng
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Arachidic Acid ◽  
Docosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Behenic Acid ◽  
Lignoceric Acid ◽  
Visceral Adipose ◽  
Cardiac Enlargement

Abstract Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is the main source of circulating fatty acids (FAs) that provides the energy substrate for the heart. Till now, studies have not shown a clear association between individual circulating FAs and heart failure (HF). In this study, we aimed to investigate the changes in circulating FAs in HF mice and their association with VAT by removing epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT). Here, we found that the serum levels of four fatty acids, namely arachidic acid, behenic acid, lignoceric acid, and docosapentaenoic acid, were significantly decreased in pressure-induced HF mice via transverse aortic constriction (TAC) surgery accompanied with cardiac enlargement and fibrosis. Most importantly, removal of eWAT in mice led to a significant decrease in the levels of the above-mentioned fatty acids without any significant difference between the HF and sham groups. Accordingly, cardiac enlargement and fibrosis were significantly alleviated. We concluded that VAT excision alleviated TAC-induced cardiac failure by decreasing serum arachidic acid, behenic acid, lignoceric acid, and docosapentaenoic acid levels.

scholarly journals Visceral Adipose Tissue Promotes Pressure-Induced Heart Failure Associated with Circulating Fatty Acids

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjiao Shi ◽  
Yuanzhi Peng ◽  
Jianer Du ◽  
Xiaojian Weng
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Arachidic Acid ◽  
Docosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Behenic Acid ◽  
Lignoceric Acid ◽  
Visceral Adipose ◽  
Cardiac Enlargement

Abstract Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is the main source of circulating fatty acids (FAs) that provides the energy substrate for the heart. Till now, studies have not shown a clear association between individual circulating FAs and heart failure (HF). In this study, we aimed to investigate the changes in circulating FAs in HF mice and their association with VAT by removing epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT). Here, we found that the serum levels of four fatty acids, namely arachidic acid, behenic acid, lignoceric acid, and docosapentaenoic acid, were significantly decreased in pressure-induced HF mice via transverse aortic constriction (TAC) surgery accompanied with cardiac enlargement and fibrosis. Most importantly, removal of eWAT in mice led to a significant decrease in the levels of the above-mentioned fatty acids without any significant difference between the HF and sham groups. Accordingly, cardiac enlargement and fibrosis were significantly alleviated. We concluded that VAT excision alleviated TAC-induced cardiac failure by decreasing serum arachidic acid, behenic acid, lignoceric acid, and docosapentaenoic acid levels.

scholarly journals Visceral Adipose Tissue Promotes Pressure-Induced Heart Failure Associated with Circulating Fatty Acids

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjiao Shi ◽  
Yuanzhi Peng ◽  
Jianer Du ◽  
Xiaojian Weng
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Sham Group ◽  
Arachidic Acid ◽  
Docosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Behenic Acid ◽  
Heart Tissue ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Visceral Adipose

Abstract Background: Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is the main source of circulating fatty acids (FAs) that provides the energy substrate for the heart. Till now, studies have not shown a clear association between individual circulating FAs and heart failure (HF). In this study, we aimed to investigate the changes in circulating FAs in HF mice and their association with VAT by removing epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT).Methods: Male C57BL/6J mice were divided into normal control and eWAT excision groups. Each group was then divided into sham group and HF group. The transverse aortic constriction (TAC) was used to induce pressure-mediated cardiac failure. HE staining and Masson’ staining were used to observe cardiac morphology. Echocardiography was used to determine diastolic left ventricular posterior wall (LVPWd), diastolic left ventricular internal diameter (LVIDd) and fractional shortening (FS%). RT-PCR was used to determine mRNA expression of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), MYH7, CTGF, collagen 1 (COL1), COL3A1 in heart tissue of mice. HPLC measurement was used to determine serum level of FAs.Results: Cardiac enlargement and fibrosis were observed after TAC surgery evidenced by increased LVPWd, LVIDd, and increased mRNA expression of ANP, BNP, MYH7, CTGF, COL1, COL3A1 in heart tissue (P<0.05). Among various FAs species, serum arachidic acid (P<0.001), behenic acid (P<0.001), lignoceric acid (P<0.01), and docosapentaenoic acid (P<0.05) levels in HF mice were significantly decreased versus sham group. However, above mentioned four serum fatty acids were significantly decreased in both sham and HF group with eWAT excision compared with eWAT reserved. In addition, the changes accompanied by LVPWd significantly decreased and FS% significantly increased.Conclusion: Serum arachidic acid, behenic acid, lignoceric acid, and docosapentaenoic acid levels were significantly decreased in pressure-induced HF mice, most importantly, VAT excision alleviated TAC-induced cardiac failure by decreasing these four kinds of fatty acids levels.

Epigenetic Downregulation of FASN in Visceral Adipose Tissue of Insulin Resistant Subjects

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Sievert ◽  
Christin Krause ◽  
Cathleen Geißler ◽  
Martina Grohs ◽  
Alexander T. El-Gammal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Glucose Intolerance ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
High Hba1c ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Visceral Adipose

Abstract Objective The risk to develop type 2 diabetes increases with the amount of visceral adiposity presumably due to increased lipolysis and subsequent lipid accumulation in visceral organs. However, data describing the molecular regulation of these pathways in humans are rare. We tested if genes of the lipogenic and lipolytic pathways are associated with glucose intolerance independently of obesity in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) of obese subjects. Moreover, we studied DNA methylation of FASN (fatty acid synthase), that catalyses the synthesis of long-chain fatty acids, in VAT of the same subjects and whether it is associated with metabolic traits. Subjects and methods Visceral adipose tissue biopsies and blood samples were taken from 93 severely obese subjects undergoing bariatric surgery. Subjects were grouped in low HbA1c (L-HbA1c, HbA1c<6.5 %) and high HbA1c (H-HbA1c, HbA1c≥6.5 %) groups and expression of genes from the lipogenic and lipolytic pathways was analysed by TaqMan qPCR. DNA methylation of FASN was quantified by bisulfite-pyrosequencing. Results FASN expression was downregulated in visceral fat from subjects with high HbA1c (p = 0.00009). Expression of other lipogenetic (SCD, ELOVL6) or lipolytic genes (ADRB3, PNPLA2) and FABP4 was not changed. DNA methylation of FASN was increased at a regulatory ChoRE recognition site in the H-HbA1c-subgroup and correlated negatively with FASN mRNA (r = − 0.302, p = 0.0034) and positively with HbA1c (r = 0.296, p = 0.0040) and blood glucose (r = 0.363, p = 0.0005). Conclusions Epigenetic downregulation of FASN in visceral adipose tissue of obese subjects might contribute to limited de novo lipogenesis of important insulin sensitizing fatty acids and could thereby contribute to glucose intolerance and the development of type 2 diabetes independently of obesity.

The levels of adipocyte protein, a transporter of fatty acids, and adiponectin in the adolescents presenting with obesity and their relationship with the distribution of the adipose tissue

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
P L Okorokov ◽  
O V Vasyukova ◽  
A V Vorontsov ◽  
A V Ilyin ◽  
V P Vladimirova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Adiponectin Level ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Visceral Obesity ◽  
Serum Adiponectin Level ◽  
Visceral Adipose ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

This study included 130 patients at the age of 14-17 years presenting with constitutional exogenous obesity (CEO) and 24 children without obesity (controls). The levels of adipocyte protein, a transporter of fatty acids (FABP4), in the sera of the adolescents with CEO were significantly higher than in the absence of obesity. They did not depend on the stage of puberty and differed in the children of different sex. The serum adiponectin level in the boys showed negative correlation with the amount of visceral adipose tissue and decreased progressively with the increase in the degree of obesity. The rise in the serum FABP4 level in the girls was associated with the increase in the amount of subcutaneous adipose tissue and positively correlated with the severity of obesity. Visceral obesity in the adolescents was accompanied by a variety of metabolic disorders while changes in the waist circumference did not reflect dynamics in the amount of visceral adipose tissue.

scholarly journals Pathophysiologic importance of visceral adipose tissue in women with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidemi Sorimachi ◽  
Masaru Obokata ◽  
Naoki Takahashi ◽  
Yogesh N V Reddy ◽  
Christopher C Jain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Preserved Ejection Fraction ◽  
Similar Extent ◽  
Pulmonary Capillary ◽  
Tissue Area ◽  
Visceral Adipose ◽  
Wedge Pressure

Abstract Aims  Central obesity is a major risk factor for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), particularly in women, but the mechanisms remain unclear. We hypothesized that sex-specific differences in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) content would differentially relate to haemodynamic severity of HFpEF in women and men. Methods and results  Abdominal computed tomography (CT) and invasive haemodynamic exercise testing were performed in 105 subjects with HFpEF (63 women) and 105 age-, sex-, and body mass index-matched controls. Visceral adipose tissue area was quantified by CT. As compared with control women, VAT area was 34% higher in women with HFpEF (186 ± 112 vs. 139 ± 72 cm2, P = 0.006), while VAT area was not significantly different in men with or without HFpEF (294 ± 158 vs. 252 ± 92 cm2, P = 0.1). During exercise, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) increased markedly and to similar extent in both men and women with HFpEF. Women with increased VAT area displayed 33% higher PCWP during exercise compared with women with normal VAT area (28 ± 10 vs. 21 ± 10 mmHg, P = 0.001), whereas exercise PCWP was similar in men with or without excess VAT (24 ± 9 vs. 25 ± 6, P = 0.89). In women, each 100 cm2 increase in VAT area was associated with a 4.0 mmHg higher PCWP (95% CI 2.1, 6.0 mmHg; P &lt; 0.0001), but there was no such relationship in men (interaction P = 0.009). Conclusions  These data suggest that accumulation of excess VAT plays a distinct and important role in the pathophysiology of HFpEF preferentially in women. Further research is needed to better understand the mechanisms and treatment implications for visceral fat in HFpEF.

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