Fraction of unsaturated fatty acids in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is lower in subjects with high total VAT volume - a combined 1
H MRS and volumetric MRI study in male subjects

Abstract Objective The risk to develop type 2 diabetes increases with the amount of visceral adiposity presumably due to increased lipolysis and subsequent lipid accumulation in visceral organs. However, data describing the molecular regulation of these pathways in humans are rare. We tested if genes of the lipogenic and lipolytic pathways are associated with glucose intolerance independently of obesity in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) of obese subjects. Moreover, we studied DNA methylation of FASN (fatty acid synthase), that catalyses the synthesis of long-chain fatty acids, in VAT of the same subjects and whether it is associated with metabolic traits. Subjects and methods Visceral adipose tissue biopsies and blood samples were taken from 93 severely obese subjects undergoing bariatric surgery. Subjects were grouped in low HbA1c (L-HbA1c, HbA1c<6.5 %) and high HbA1c (H-HbA1c, HbA1c≥6.5 %) groups and expression of genes from the lipogenic and lipolytic pathways was analysed by TaqMan qPCR. DNA methylation of FASN was quantified by bisulfite-pyrosequencing. Results FASN expression was downregulated in visceral fat from subjects with high HbA1c (p = 0.00009). Expression of other lipogenetic (SCD, ELOVL6) or lipolytic genes (ADRB3, PNPLA2) and FABP4 was not changed. DNA methylation of FASN was increased at a regulatory ChoRE recognition site in the H-HbA1c-subgroup and correlated negatively with FASN mRNA (r = − 0.302, p = 0.0034) and positively with HbA1c (r = 0.296, p = 0.0040) and blood glucose (r = 0.363, p = 0.0005). Conclusions Epigenetic downregulation of FASN in visceral adipose tissue of obese subjects might contribute to limited de novo lipogenesis of important insulin sensitizing fatty acids and could thereby contribute to glucose intolerance and the development of type 2 diabetes independently of obesity.

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Adipose Tissues Characteristics of Normal, Obesity, and Type 2 Diabetes in Uygurs Population

Journal of Diabetes Research ◽

10.1155/2015/905042 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Jun Zhang ◽

Zhiwei Zhang ◽

Yulei Ding ◽

Peng Xu ◽

Tingting Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Blood Glucose ◽

Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽

Tissue Expression ◽

Normal Group ◽

Expression Levels ◽

Visceral Adipose ◽

Male Subjects ◽

Female Subjects

Our results showed that, at the same BMI level, Uygurs have greater WHR values, abdominal visceral fat content, and diabetes risks than Kazaks. In addition, values of HDL-C in Uygur subjects were lower than those in Kazak subjects, and values of creatinine, uric acid, diastolic blood pressure, blood glucose, and fructosamine in Uygur male subjects were lower than those in Kazak male subjects. In contrast, systolic blood pressure values in Uygur subjects were greater than those in Kazak subjects, and blood glucose values were greater in Uygur female subjects than in Kazak female subjects. Additionally, in Uygurs, visceral adipose tissue expression levels ofTBX1andTCF21were greater in obesity group than in normal and T2DM groups and lower in T2DM group than in normal group (P<0.01). The visceral adipose tissue expression levels ofAPNin normal group was greater than those in obesity and T2DM groups, and visceral adipose tissue expression levels ofTNF-αandMCP-1in normal group were lower than those in obesity and T2DM groups (P<0.01). In conclusion, T2DM in Uygurs was mainly associated with not only distribution of adipose tissue in body, but also change in metabolic activity and adipocytokines secretion of adipose tissue.

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The levels of adipocyte protein, a transporter of fatty acids, and adiponectin in the adolescents presenting with obesity and their relationship with the distribution of the adipose tissue

Problems of Endocrinology ◽

10.14341/probl201460213-19 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 60 (2) ◽

pp. 13-19

Author(s):

P L Okorokov ◽

O V Vasyukova ◽

A V Vorontsov ◽

A V Ilyin ◽

V P Vladimirova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽

Metabolic Disorders ◽

Adiponectin Level ◽

Protein A ◽

Visceral Obesity ◽

Serum Adiponectin Level ◽

Visceral Adipose ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose

This study included 130 patients at the age of 14-17 years presenting with constitutional exogenous obesity (CEO) and 24 children without obesity (controls). The levels of adipocyte protein, a transporter of fatty acids (FABP4), in the sera of the adolescents with CEO were significantly higher than in the absence of obesity. They did not depend on the stage of puberty and differed in the children of different sex. The serum adiponectin level in the boys showed negative correlation with the amount of visceral adipose tissue and decreased progressively with the increase in the degree of obesity. The rise in the serum FABP4 level in the girls was associated with the increase in the amount of subcutaneous adipose tissue and positively correlated with the severity of obesity. Visceral obesity in the adolescents was accompanied by a variety of metabolic disorders while changes in the waist circumference did not reflect dynamics in the amount of visceral adipose tissue.

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Visceral Adipose Tissue Promotes Pressure-Induced Heart Failure Associated with Circulating Fatty Acids

10.21203/rs.3.rs-76236/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Wenjiao Shi ◽

Yuanzhi Peng ◽

Jianer Du ◽

Xiaojian Weng

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Fatty Acids ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽

Arachidic Acid ◽

Docosapentaenoic Acid ◽

Behenic Acid ◽

Lignoceric Acid ◽

Visceral Adipose ◽

Cardiac Enlargement

Abstract Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is the main source of circulating fatty acids (FAs) that provides the energy substrate for the heart. Till now, studies have not shown a clear association between individual circulating FAs and heart failure (HF). In this study, we aimed to investigate the changes in circulating FAs in HF mice and their association with VAT by removing epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT). Here, we found that the serum levels of four fatty acids, namely arachidic acid, behenic acid, lignoceric acid, and docosapentaenoic acid, were significantly decreased in pressure-induced HF mice via transverse aortic constriction (TAC) surgery accompanied with cardiac enlargement and fibrosis. Most importantly, removal of eWAT in mice led to a significant decrease in the levels of the above-mentioned fatty acids without any significant difference between the HF and sham groups. Accordingly, cardiac enlargement and fibrosis were significantly alleviated. We concluded that VAT excision alleviated TAC-induced cardiac failure by decreasing serum arachidic acid, behenic acid, lignoceric acid, and docosapentaenoic acid levels.

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