Application of Evoked Response Audiometry To Schizophrenia For Specifying 40-Hz Aberrant Gamma Oscillations In A Real-World Clinical Setting

Abstract Gamma oscillations probed using auditory steady-state response (ASSR) are promising clinical biomarkers that may address novel therapeutic interventions for schizophrenia. Optimizing clinical settings for these biomarker-driven interventions will require a quick and easy assessment system of gamma oscillations in psychiatry. ASSR has been used in clinical otolaryngology for evoked response audiometry (ERA) to judge hearing loss by focusing on the phase-locked response detectability in an automated analysis system. Herein, a standard ERA system was applied to evaluate the brain pathophysiology of patients with schizophrenia with 40-Hz ASSR. The 40-Hz ASSR in the ERA system showed excellent detectability of the phase-locked response in healthy subjects, which sharply captured the deficits of the phase-locked response caused by aberrant gamma oscillations in individuals with schizophrenia. These findings reveal the availability of the ERA system in specifying patients who have aberrant 40-Hz gamma oscillations. The ERA system may have a potential to serve as a real-world clinical setting for upcoming biomarker-driven therapeutics in psychiatry.

Download Full-text

Application of evoked response audiometry for specifying aberrant gamma oscillations in schizophrenia

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-04278-5 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Masaya Yanagi ◽

Aki Tsuchiya ◽

Fumiharu Hosomi ◽

Satoshi Ozaki ◽

Osamu Shirakawa

Keyword(s):

Automated Analysis ◽

Gamma Oscillations ◽

Evoked Response ◽

Assessment System ◽

Therapeutic Interventions ◽

Clinical Settings ◽

Clinical Biomarkers ◽

Clinical Otolaryngology ◽

Analysis System ◽

Evoked Response Audiometry

AbstractGamma oscillations probed using auditory steady-state response (ASSR) are promising clinical biomarkers that may give rise to novel therapeutic interventions for schizophrenia. Optimizing clinical settings for these biomarker-driven interventions will require a quick and easy assessment system for gamma oscillations in psychiatry. ASSR has been used in clinical otolaryngology for evoked response audiometry (ERA) in order to judge hearing loss by focusing on the phase-locked response detectability via an automated analysis system. Herein, a standard ERA system with 40- and 46-Hz ASSRs was applied to evaluate the brain pathophysiology of patients with schizophrenia. Both ASSRs in the ERA system showed excellent detectability regarding the phase-locked response in healthy subjects and sharply captured the deficits of the phase-locked response caused by aberrant gamma oscillations in individuals with schizophrenia. These findings demonstrate the capability of the ERA system to specify patients who have aberrant gamma oscillations. The ERA system may have a potential to serve as a real-world clinical medium for upcoming biomarker-driven therapeutics in psychiatry.

Download Full-text

Test-retest reliability of tone- and 40 Hz train-evoked gamma oscillations in female rats and their sensitivity to low-dose NMDA channel blockade

Psychopharmacology ◽

10.1007/s00213-021-05856-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Muhammad Ummear Raza ◽

Digavalli V. Sivarao

Keyword(s):

Low Dose ◽

Gamma Oscillations ◽

Female Rats ◽

Channel Blockade ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Nmda Channel ◽

Test Retest Reliability ◽

40 Hz

Download Full-text

Assessment of Hearing in High Risk Infants, Using Brainstem Evoked Response Audiometry

Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery ◽

10.1007/s12070-020-02363-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Srinivas Champion

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Evoked Response ◽

Brainstem Evoked Response Audiometry ◽

High Risk Infants ◽

Evoked Response Audiometry

Download Full-text

Decreased Gamma Auditory Steady-State Response Is Associated With Impaired Real-World Functioning in Unmedicated Patients at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis

Clinical EEG and Neuroscience ◽

10.1177/1550059420982706 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 155005942098270

Author(s):

Sarah Ahmed ◽

Jennifer R. Lepock ◽

Romina Mizrahi ◽

R. Michael Bagby ◽

Cory J. Gerritsen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Steady State ◽

High Risk ◽

Functional Impairment ◽

Real World ◽

Steady State Response ◽

Clinical High Risk ◽

State Response ◽

Auditory Steady State Response ◽

Gamma Synchrony ◽

40 Hz

Aim Deficits in synchronous, gamma-frequency neural oscillations may contribute to schizophrenia patients’ real-world functional impairment and can be measured electroencephalographically using the auditory steady-state response (ASSR). Gamma ASSR deficits have been reported in schizophrenia patients and individuals at clinical high risk (CHR) for developing psychosis. We hypothesized that, in CHR patients, gamma ASSR would correlate with real-world functioning, consistent with a role for gamma synchrony deficits in functional impairment. Methods A total of 35 CHR patients rated on Global Functioning: Social and Role scales had EEG recorded while listening to 1-ms, 93-dB clicks presented at 40 Hz in 500-ms trains, in response to which 40-Hz evoked power and intertrial phase-locking factor (PLF) were measured. Results In CHR patients, lower 40-Hz PLF correlated with lower social functioning. Conclusions Gamma synchrony deficits may be a biomarker of real-world impairment at early stages of the schizophrenia disease trajectory.

Download Full-text

Non-Invasive Biomarkers for Earlier Detection of Pancreatic Cancer—A Comprehensive Review

Cancers ◽

10.3390/cancers13112722 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (11) ◽

pp. 2722

Author(s):

Greta Brezgyte ◽

Vinay Shah ◽

Daria Jach ◽

Tatjana Crnogorac-Jurcevic

Keyword(s):

Clinical Setting ◽

Selection Index ◽

Reporting Quality ◽

Standard Of Care ◽

Therapeutic Interventions ◽

Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽

Index Test ◽

Delayed Presentation ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Study Selection

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) carries a deadly diagnosis, due in large part to delayed presentation when the disease is already at an advanced stage. CA19-9 is currently the most commonly utilized biomarker for PDAC; however, it lacks the necessary accuracy to detect precursor lesions or stage I PDAC. Novel biomarkers that could detect this malignancy with improved sensitivity (SN) and specificity (SP) would likely result in more curative resections and more effective therapeutic interventions, changing thus the present dismal survival figures. The aim of this study was to systematically and comprehensively review the scientific literature on non-invasive biomarkers in biofluids such as blood, urine and saliva that were attempting earlier PDAC detection. The search performed covered a period of 10 years (January 2010—August 2020). Data were extracted using keywords search in the three databases: MEDLINE, Web of Science and Embase. The Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS-2) tool was applied for study selection based on establishing the risk of bias and applicability concerns in Patient Selection, Index test (biomarker assay) and Reference Standard (standard-of-care diagnostic test). Out of initially over 4000 published reports, 49 relevant studies were selected and reviewed in more detail. In addition, we discuss the present challenges and complexities in the path of translating the discovered biomarkers into the clinical setting. Our systematic review highlighted several promising biomarkers that could, either alone or in combination with CA19-9, potentially improve earlier detection of PDAC. Overall, reviewed biomarker studies should aim to improve methodological and reporting quality, and novel candidate biomarkers should be investigated further in order to demonstrate their clinical usefulness. However, challenges and complexities in the path of translating the discovered biomarkers from the research laboratory to the clinical setting remain and would have to be addressed before a more realistic breakthrough in earlier detection of PDAC is achieved.

Download Full-text

Assessment of Hearing Impairment in NICU Graduates by Otoacoustic Emission and Brainstem Evoked Response Audiometry Tests

Journal of Neonatology ◽

10.1177/0973217920951878 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 34 (3) ◽

pp. 109-117

Author(s):

Aparna Aradhana ◽

Gadadhar Sarangi ◽

Prasant Saboth ◽

Radha Tripathy

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Hearing Impairment ◽

Very Low Birth Weight ◽

Birth Asphyxia ◽

Otoacoustic Emission ◽

Evoked Response ◽

Complete Evaluation ◽

Brainstem Evoked Response Audiometry ◽

Tertiary Teaching ◽

Evoked Response Audiometry

Objectives: To find out the incidence of hearing impairment in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU)-admitted newborns and to correlate between several risk factors. Design: Prospective observational study. Setting: In a tertiary teaching hospital of Odisha between October 2014 and October 2016. Study population: 100 newborns delivered in the institution and admitted in NICU with usual indications and risk factors that underwent otoacoustic emission 1 and 2 (OAE1, OAE2) and Brainstem Evoked Response Audiometry (BERA). Results: 84 babies in OAE1 and 86 babies in OAE2 got “pass” results. In BERA test, 92 babies got normal waveform. 7 (13.7%) of 51 premature babies, 5 (38.5%) of 13 very low birth weight babies, 7 (17.5%) of 40 babies receiving ototoxic medication for >5 days, 7 (31.8%) of 22 babies with hyperbilirubinemia, 6 (42.9%) of 14 babies with sepsis, 5 (20%) of 20 babies with birth asphyxia, 3 (60%) of 5 babies under mechanical ventilation for >5 days, 1 baby with ear abnormality, and 1 (50%) out of 2 babies with congenital infections had hearing impairment and statistically significant association with abnormal OAE and BERA test. Conclusion: There is high incidence of hearing loss in NICU-admitted newborns. OAE and BERA both should be performed for complete evaluation of hearing. Important risk factors are elaborated. Predischarge hearing assessment in NICU is most important.

Download Full-text