scholarly journals Session-by-Session Improvements in Subjective Wellbeing and Satisfaction with Life Prospectively Predicts Session-by-Session Improvements in Bulimia Nervosa Symptoms.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura E Boyajian ◽  
Paakhi Srivast ◽  
Alexandra L. Pitts ◽  
Adrienne S. Juarascio
Keyword(s):  
Bulimia Nervosa ◽  
Subjective Wellbeing ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Symptom Reduction ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Session Change ◽  
Symptom Frequency ◽  
Behavioral Treatments

Abstract PurposeBehavioral treatments (BT) have been credited for improving both subjective wellbeing (SWB) and satisfaction with life (SWL) among those with bulimia nervosa (BN); However, researchers have yet to examine whether the improvements in SWB and SWL during BTs occur prior to or after BN symptom reduction. The current study examines session-by-session change in SWB and SWL and BN symptoms.MethodsThe sample was comprised of 35 patients with BN-spectrum disorders. Participants received 20 sessions of BT and completed weekly pre-session surveys assessing their symptom frequency, SWB, and SWL. Data was analysed using linear mixed effect modelling.ResultsBN symptom reduction during preceding sessions prospectively predicted improvements in SWB and SWL during succeeding sessions. In addition, improvements in SWB and SWL during preceding sessions prospectively predicted reductions in BN symptoms in succeeding sessions.ConclusionThis study provides preliminary evidence of a bidirectional relationship between SWB and SWL and BN symptoms. Future research should test whether incorporating content focused on improving SWB and SWL into BT models could optimize treatment outcomes for BN.Level I, randomized controlled trials

scholarly journals The Congregational Character Questionnaire: An Initial Empirical Examination of the Significance of Collective Church Character Traits

2021 ◽  
pp. 009164712110219
Author(s):  
T. Ryan Byerly ◽  
Keith J. Edwards ◽  
Peter C. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Character Traits ◽  
Academic Disciplines ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Religious Congregations ◽  
Empirical Examination ◽  
Christian Churches

Researchers in several academic disciplines have begun to take an interest in group character traits, including the character traits of religious congregations. This article reports the first empirical studies of congregational virtues. The Congregational Character Questionnaire was developed for measuring 12 different virtues of Christian churches: clinging to apostolic teaching, honoring teachers, prayerfulness, hopefulness, discipleship, emotional supportiveness, material supportiveness, spiritual equality, unity, submission, peace with the world, and spreading the faith. The instrument was then used with an online sample ( N = 530) to study how congregants’ perceptions of their congregation’s virtuousness related to congregants’ evaluations of their congregation, participation in their congregation, as well as congregants’ satisfaction with life, presence of meaning in life, and religious well-being. Results indicated that congregants’ overall perceptions of congregational virtuousness were significantly positively related to all of these dependent variables. These results help to reveal the important role that congregational character may play in the experience of congregants. Directions for future research in this area are outlined.

scholarly journals Growing up after childhood cancer: maturity and life satisfaction in young adulthood

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taylor M. Dattilo ◽  
Randal S. Olshefski ◽  
Leena Nahata ◽  
Jennifer A. Hansen-Moore ◽  
Cynthia A. Gerhardt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Childhood Cancer ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Adult Survivors ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Young Adult Survivors ◽  
Survivors Of Childhood Cancer ◽  
Linear Regressions

Abstract Purpose Young individuals face a variety of developmental tasks as they mature into adulthood. For survivors of childhood cancer, growing up may be more difficult due to their illness and late effects from treatment. This study is the first to quantitatively examine perceptions of maturity and how these perceptions contribute to satisfaction with life among young adult survivors of childhood cancer. Methods Ninety survivors of childhood cancer (Mage = 29.8; 7–37 years post-diagnosis) were recruited to complete online surveys on how mature they felt relative to peers, their perceived maturity on three domains (financial, personal, social), and life satisfaction. Results Most survivors (62%; n = 56) felt they grew up faster than their peers, and over half (56%; n = 50) felt more mature. Perceived maturity was high on all three domains, but brain tumor survivors reported significantly lower maturity than other survivors (d = 0.76–1.11). All maturity domains were positively associated with life satisfaction (r = .49–.56). Hierarchical linear regressions indicated that 44% of the variance in life satisfaction was explained by perceptions of growing up slower (β =  − 1.08, p = .004) and marginally by greater perceived personal maturity (β = 0.45, p = .061). Conclusions Childhood cancer can influence development, with most survivors feeling that they grew up faster and were more mature than peers. Personal maturity was related to life satisfaction, with survivors of brain tumors or those who felt they grew up slower at greatest risk for lower life satisfaction. Future research and clinical practice should consider survivors’ development and maturation across the life span to promote overall well-being.

Engagement and Outcomes Associated with Contextual Annotation Features of a Digital Health Solution

2020 ◽  
pp. 193229682097640
Author(s):  
Michelle Dugas ◽  
Weiguang Wang ◽  
Kenyon Crowley ◽  
Anand K. Iyer ◽  
Malinda Peeples ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Digital Health ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Note Taking ◽  
Potential Benefits

Background: Digital health solutions targeting diabetes self-care are popular and promising, but important questions remain about how these tools can most effectively help patients. Consistent with evidence of the salutary effects of note-taking in education, features that enable annotation of structured data entry might enhance the meaningfulness of the interaction, thereby promoting persistent use and benefits of a digital health solution. Method: To examine the potential benefits of note-taking, we explored how patients with type 2 diabetes used annotation features of a digital health solution and assessed the relationship between annotation and persistence in engagement as well as improvements in glycated hemoglobin (A1C). Secondary data from 3142 users of the BlueStar digital health solution collected between December 2013 and June 2017 were analyzed, with a subgroup of 372 reporting A1C lab values. Results: About a third of patients recorded annotations while using the platform. Annotation themes largely reflected self-management behaviors (diet, physical activity, medication adherence) and well-being (mood, health status). Early use of contextual annotations was associated with greater engagement over time and with greater improvements in A1C. Conclusions: Our research provides preliminary evidence of the benefits of annotation features in a digital health solution. Future research is needed to assess the causal impact of note-taking and the moderating role of thematic content reflected in notes.

Spousal order of migration, gender, and hospitalization among immigrants in Denmark

2020 ◽  
pp. 140349482094472
Author(s):  
Jennifer Caputo ◽  
Angela Carollo ◽  
Eleonora Mussino ◽  
Linda Juel Ahrenfeldt ◽  
Rune Lindahl-Jacobsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Health Needs ◽  
Event History ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Migration Patterns ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Married Men ◽  
Married Individuals ◽  
Gendered Migration ◽  
Study Base

Background: Certain migration contexts that may help clarify immigrants’ health needs are understudied, including the order in which married individuals migrate. Research shows that men, who are healthier than women across most populations, often migrate to a host country before women. Using Danish register data, we investigate descriptive patterns in the order that married men and women arrive in Denmark, as well as whether migration order is related to overnight hospitalizations. Methods: The study base includes married immigrants who lived in Denmark between January 1, 1980 and December 31, 2014 ( N = 13,680). We use event history models to examine the influence of spousal migration order on hospitalizations. Results: The order that married individuals arrive in Denmark is indeed highly gendered, with men tending to arrive first, and varies by country of origin. Risk of hospitalization after age 50 does not depend on whether an individual migrated before, after, or at the same time as their spouse among either men or women. However, among those aged 18+, men migrating before their wives are more likely to experience hospitalizations within the first 5 years of arrival. Conclusions: These findings provide the first key insights about gendered migration patterns in Denmark. Although spousal order of migration is not related to overnight hospitalization among women, our findings provide preliminary evidence that men age 18+ who are first to arrive experience more hospitalization events in the following 5 years. Future research should explore additional outcomes and whether other gendered migration contexts are related to immigrants’ health.

The ageing process

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avan Aihie Sayer ◽  
Cyrus Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Reliable Method ◽  
Opposite Effect ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Diet Restriction ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Human Ageing ◽  
Ageing Populations

Ageing may be simply defined but is yet to be well understood. Research in this area is considered a priority, with the population growing older and increasing disability, morbidity and mortality predicted. There are many theories and ageing has been described from changes at the molecular level to characteristics of ageing populations. However, distinguishing cause from effect has proved problematic largely because the underlying reasons for ageing have not been understood. Progress has now been made and the central role for repair processes is increasingly accepted. A number of approaches to modifying ageing have been explored but the only reliable method to alter the rate remains diet restriction. Instituted after weaning, diet restriction slows ageing in a number of species and has an opposite effect when started in earlier life. There is now preliminary evidence that poor early growth is associated with increased human ageing and this is an important area for future research.

DISSOCIATION IN ANOREXIA NERVOSA AND BULIMIA NERVOSA

1994 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
John F. Schumaker ◽  
William G. Warren ◽  
Gwenda S. Schreiber ◽  
Craig C. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Bulimia Nervosa ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Degree Of Dissociation ◽  
Eating Disordered ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Significant Difference

The present study employed the Riley Questionnaire of Experiences of Dissociation in order to assess degree of dissociation in females diagnosed with anorexia nervosa and bulimia. The subjects consisted of 26 anorexic and 18 bulimic females, and a non eating-disordered control group of 22 females. Results indicated that eating disordered subjects, considered together, had significantly higher dissociation scores than the non eating-disordered control group. Additionally, when considered separately, both the anorexic and bulimic groups had significantly higher dissociation scores than the control subjects. No significant difference was found in the level of dissociation between anorexic and bulimic groups. These findings are discussed in relation to previous investigations and implications for possible future research and treatment.

scholarly journals The Unified Protocol as an Internet-based Intervention for Emotional Disorders: Randomized Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Schaeuffele ◽  
Sophie Luise Homeyer ◽  
Luis Perea ◽  
Lisa Scharf ◽  
Ava Schulz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Disorders ◽  
Somatic Symptom ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Symptom Burden ◽  
Symptom Distress ◽  
Significant Treatment ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Unified Protocol

The Unified Protocol (UP) as a transdiagnostic intervention has primarily been applied in the treatment of anxiety disorders and in face-to-face-settings. The current study investigated the efficacy of a 10-week internet-based adaptation of the UP for anxiety, depressive, and somatic symptom disorders. N=132 participants were randomized to treatment or waitlist control. Linear mixed effect models revealed significant treatment effects for symptom distress, satisfaction with life, positive/negative affect and markers of anxiety, depression, and somatic symptom burden (within-group Hedges’ g = 0.32-1.38 and between-group g = 0.20-1.11). Treatment gains were maintained at 1- and 6-month-follow-up. Subgroup analyses showed comparable effects in participants with anxiety and depressive disorders. The results strengthen the application of the UP as an internet-based treatment for alleviating symptom distress across emotional disorders. More research on the applicability for single disorders and the mechanisms underlying the effects is needed.

scholarly journals Are Coping Strategies with Well-Being in Deaf and Blind Parents Related?

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1422-1439
Author(s):  
Maria Luisa Indiana ◽  
Elisabetta Sagone ◽  
Salvatore Luciano Orazio Fichera
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sensory Loss ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Deaf Parents

The main purpose of this cross-sectional study, carried out with deaf parents and blind parents, is to analyze the association of coping strategies, life satisfaction, well-being, and generalized self-efficacy, compared to a group of parents without a sensory loss. The Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced, Satisfaction with Life, Generalized Self-efficacy, and Psychological Well-Being scales were applied. Results indicate that: (1) deaf parents and blind parents search for social support, use avoidance, and turn to religion more than those without a sensory loss; (2) deaf parents are more satisfied with life than blind parents and those without a sensory loss; (3) deaf parents and blind parents perceive themselves as less efficacious than those without a sensory loss; (4) deaf parents and blind parents report lower psychological well-being (autonomy and personal growth) than those without a sensory loss, except for self-acceptance. Searching for social support and turning to religion are negatively associated with life satisfaction in deaf parents and those without a sensory loss; further, these coping strategies (together with avoidance) affect the psychological well-being of deaf parents and parents without a sensory loss. Future research could investigate deeper into the effects of these dimensions on well-being and the styles of parenting in these families.

scholarly journals Psychological Factors Influencing Life Satisfaction of Undergraduates

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bukunmi O Adewumi ◽  
Olubukola Ajayi
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Satisfaction With Life Scale ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Factors Influencing

This study was designed to assess the psychological factors influencing life satisfaction of undergraduates. The instruments used were Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale (WLEIS), Rosenberge Self-esteem Scale (RSS), and Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). A total number of 190 participants were purposively selected across various faculties in Ekiti State University. Four hypotheses were tested using Independent t-test to find the effects of perceived stress, emotional intelligence, and self-esteem on life satisfaction. Multiple regression was used to find the joint and individual influences of these variables. The results showed that there is no significant influence of perceived stress on life satisfaction (t (75) = 1.23, p = .22, 95% CI [-1.14, 4.83). There is no significant influence of self-esteem on life satisfaction (t (51) = -1.31, p = .20, 95% CI [-5.28, 1.11), and there is no significant joint influence of perceived stress, emotional intelligence and self-esteem on life satisfaction (F (3,187) = 1.79, p = .15, R2 =.03). Additionally, perceived stress (β = .07, p = .33), emotional intelligence (β = .14, p = 054) and self-esteem (β = .02, p = .83) did not have independent influences on life satisfaction. Implications of the present findings for future research are discussed, as well as potential interventions for improving life satisfaction.

scholarly journals A Second Look at Subjective Wellbeing Using Differential Item Functioning

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-42
Author(s):  
Karen H. Larwin ◽  
Milton Harvey
Keyword(s):  
Differential Item Functioning ◽  
Latent Variable ◽  
Subjective Wellbeing ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Weighted Least Squares ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Satisfaction With Life Scale ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Current Investigation ◽  
Item Functioning

The current investigation uses latent variable modeling to investigate Subjective Well-Being (SWB). As a follow-up to Larwin, Harvey, and Constantinou (2020), subjective wellbeing is presented through third-order factor model, which explains two-second order factors, SWB and Interpersonal Experiences (IES) while incorporating measures of relationship and resiliency self-evaluations. Additionally, the current investigation considers differential item functioning not considered in the existing SWB literature. JEL classification numbers: C1,C3,C4,C9. Keywords: Subjective Well-Being, Satisfaction with Life Scale, Subjective Happiness Scale, Brief Resiliency Scale, Relationship Assessment Scale, Multiple Indicators Multiple Causes (MIMIC), Weighted least squares mean variance adjusted estimator (WLSMV).

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