Self-floating Capsule of Algicidal Bacteria Bacillus sp. HL and its Performance in the Dissolution of Microcystis Aeruginosa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinjie Huang ◽  
Wenyi Zhang ◽  
Mingchen Xu ◽  
Linqiang Mao
Keyword(s):  
Dissolution Rate ◽  
Microcystis Aeruginosa ◽  
Ethyl Cellulose ◽  
Antioxidant Response ◽  
Algicidal Bacteria ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Mda Content ◽  
Living Bacteria

Abstract Algicidal bacteria is known as efficient and environmentally friendly in treating Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa). However, the practical application of algicidal bacteria in the natural water is limited by the interference of external factors and the low reuse capability. In this study, a biodegradation capsule for M. aeruginosa is prepared by biocompatible sodium alginate (SA) compositing with eco-friendly ethyl cellulose (EC). Bacterial strain HL was immobilized and the capsule was obtained under optimal usage concentrations of SA, Calcium chloride (CaCl2) and EC at 2%, 3% and 3%. It has been observed that capsules immobilizing bacteria HL shows considerable advantages over traditional bio-treatment systems (free-living bacteria) and good reusability performance. A better dissolution rate of 77.67% ± 1.14% on the 7th day was obtained with the embedding of algicidal bacteria at 50 mL, which enhanced algae dissolution rate by 11.05% compared with free-living bacteria, and the dissolution rate for M. aeruginosa still reaches 68.57% ± 2.88% after three times repetitive use. Algicidal bacteria capsules were examined on the fluorescence and antioxidant system of M. aeruginosa. It was indicated that photosynthetic mechanisms of M. aeruginosa were destroyed, superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) were all significantly induced as antioxidant response, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content increased. Overall, capsules prepared in this study can provide a desirable environment for algicidal bacteria HL and ensure algicidal bacteria to in-situ work well in the inhibition of algae.

In situ transplant analysis of free-living bacteria in a lotic ecosystem

2013 ◽  
Vol 164 (3) ◽  
pp. 262-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amitai Or ◽  
Orr Comay ◽  
Uri Gophna
Keyword(s):  
Free Living ◽  
Lotic Ecosystem ◽  
Living Bacteria

Observing microscopic phases of lichen life cycles on transparent substrata placed in situ

2005 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 373-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
William B. SANDERS
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Potential Significance ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Lichen Community ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One ◽  
Observation Period

The utility of plastic cover slips as a substratum for in situ study of lichen developmental stages is further explored in a neotropical foliicolous lichen community and in a European temperate corticolous community. Twenty-one months after placement in the tropical forest, the cover slips bore foliicolous lichen thalli with several species producing characteristic ascocarps and ascospores, indicating the suitability of the substratum for completion of the life cycle of these lichens. On cover slips placed within the temperate corticolous community, lichen propagules anchored to the substratum with relatively short attachment hyphae but did not develop further within the one year observation period. Intimately intermixed microbial communities of short-celled, mainly pigmented fungi and chlorophyte algae developed upon the transparent substratum. Among the algae, Trebouxia cells, often in groups showing cell division and without associated lichenizing hyphae, were commonly observed. The potential significance of the free-living populations in the life cycle of Trebouxia and in those of Trebouxia-associated lichen fungi is discussed.

scholarly journals Opening a next-generation black box: ecological trends for hundreds of species-like taxa uncovered within a single bacterial >99% 16S rRNA operational taxonomic unit

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Hahn ◽  
Andrea Huemer ◽  
Alexandra Pitt ◽  
Matthias Hoetzinger
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
16S Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Taxon Richness ◽  
Large Set ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Environmental Distribution ◽  
Living Bacteria

Current knowledge on environmental distribution and taxon richness of free-living bacteria is mainly based on cultivation-independent investigations employing 16S rRNA gene sequencing methods. Yet, 16S rRNA genes are evolutionarily rather conserved, resulting in limited taxonomic and ecological resolutions provided by this marker. We used a faster evolving protein-encoding marker to reveal ecological patterns hidden within a single OTU defined by >99% 16S rRNA sequence similarity. The studied taxon, subcluster PnecC of the genus Polynucleobacter, represents a ubiquitous group of planktonic freshwater bacteria with cosmopolitan distribution, which is very frequently detected by diversity surveys of freshwater systems. Based on genome taxonomy and a large set of genome sequences, a sequence similarity threshold for delineation of species-like taxa could be established. In total, 600 species-like taxa were detected in 99 freshwater habitats scattered across three regions representing a latitudinal range of 3400 km (42°N to 71°N) and a pH gradient of 4.2 to 8.6. Besides the unexpectedly high richness, the increased taxonomic resolution revealed structuring of Polynucleobacter communities by a couple of macroecological trends, which was previously only demonstrated for phylogenetically much broader groups of bacteria. A unexpected pattern was the almost complete compositional separation of Polynucleobacter communities of Ca-rich and Ca-poor habitats, which strongly resembled the vicariance of plant species on silicate and limestone soils. The presented new cultivation-independent approach opened a window to an incredible, previously unseen diversity, and enables investigations aiming on deeper understanding of how environmental conditions shape bacterial communities and drive evolution of free-living bacteria.

In-situ coating of lithiophilic interphase on a biporous Cu scaffold with vertical microchannels for dendrite-free Li metal batteries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Min Wang ◽  
Xiaokuan Ban ◽  
Zongzi Jin ◽  
Ranran Peng ◽  
Chusheng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volume Change ◽  
Coulombic Efficiency ◽  
Dendrite Growth ◽  
Porous Scaffolds ◽  
Effective Strategy ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Metal Anode ◽  
Li Metal Anode ◽  
In Situ Coating

Severe dendrite growth, low Coulombic efficiency and huge volume change have impeded the practical application of Li metal anode, and the construction of porous scaffolds is an effective strategy to...

scholarly journals Designer endosymbionts: Converting free-living bacteria into organelles

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 41-50
Author(s):  
Rebecca S. Meaney ◽  
Samir Hamadache ◽  
Maximillian P.M. Soltysiak ◽  
Bogumil J. Karas
Keyword(s):  
Free Living ◽  
Living Bacteria
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