scholarly journals Growth Patterns of Activity of Daily Living Disability and Associated Factors Among The Chinese Elderly: A Twelve-Year Longitudinal Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xitong Huang ◽  
Minqiang Zhang ◽  
Junyan Fang
Keyword(s):  
Daily Living ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Growth Mixture Model ◽  
Chinese Elderly ◽  
Development Patterns ◽  
Adl Disability

Abstract Background The acceleration of population aging has brought a lot of attention to the disability among older populations, but existing results about the development patterns of disability were largely mixed. The current study aimed to identify the potential different development patterns of disability and the influential factors using a large, nationally representative sample of the Chinese elderly. Methods We adopted a five-wave longitudinal dataset from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS), and a total of 1,654 elderly aged 65 and over were obtained. Disability was measured using the Katz index scale which graded individuals on a scale of difficulty to carry out the activities of daily living (ADL). We utilized the conditional growth mixture model (GMM) with time-invariant covariates to identify various development patterns and associated factors. Results Compared with those without disability (n = 1,140), individuals living with ADL disability (n = 514) were more likely to be old, female, or Han ethnic, eat more healthy food and suffer from chronic disease. Two groups with distinct developmental trajectories of ADL disability were identified among those with ADL disability, including the Slightly Increasing and the Quickly Increasing groups. People who did less housework (OR = 0.33, 95% CI: 0.12−0.90; p = 0.030), suffered from stroke (OR = 5.39, 95% CI:1.43−20.35; p = 0.013) or dementia (OR = 10.29, 95% CI: 1.01−104.44; p = 0.049) were more likely to be classified into the Quickly Increasing group. Conclusion There existed two development patterns of ADL disability among the Chinese elderly. Besides, doing housework could help prevent the deterioration of disability to some extent, and suffering from stroke or dementia may accelerate the deterioration of ADL ability in later years. The findings provided implications for public health interventions.

scholarly journals Classifying and Characterizing the Development of Self-Reported Quality of Life Among the Chinese Elderly: A Twelve-Year Longitudinal Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xitong Huang ◽  
Minqiang Zhang ◽  
Junyan Fang ◽  
Qing Zeng ◽  
Jinqing Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Growth Mixture Model ◽  
Chinese Elderly ◽  
Development Patterns ◽  
Healthy Longevity

Abstract Background To promote healthy aging, the information about the development of quality of life (QoL) is of great importance for health researchers and policymakers. Up to now, the longitudinal explorations of the heterogeneity in the change of QoL under the Chinese context were largely limited. The current study aimed to identify potential different development patterns of QoL and the influential factors using a large, longitudinal, and nationally representative sample of the Chinese elderly. Methods We adopted a five-wave longitudinal dataset from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS), and a total of 1,645 elderly aged 65 and over were obtained. QoL was measured using a self-report item during the longitudinal process. We utilized the conditional growth mixture model (GMM) with time-invariant covariates to explore various development patterns and associated factors. Results Three subgroups with distinct trajectories of self-reported QoL were identified: the High-level Steady Group (17.08%), the Mid-level Steady Group (63.10%), and the Low-level Growth Group (19.82%). Results also indicated that several factors predicted distinct trajectories of self-reported QoL. Those elderly who received enough financial resources, had adequate nutrition, did not exhibit any disability, engaged in leisure activities, and did less physical labor or housework at the baseline were more likely to report a higher level of QoL over time. Conclusions There existed three development patterns of self-reported QoL among the Chinese elderly, and these subgroups differed in several baseline factors. These findings provided valuable implications for the maintenance and improvement of QoL among the Chinese elderly.

scholarly journals Frailty transitions and cognitive function among South Korean older adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima Nari ◽  
Bich Na Jang ◽  
Hin Moi Youn ◽  
Wonjeong Jeong ◽  
Sung-In Jang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Geriatric Syndrome ◽  
South Korean ◽  
Adl Disability ◽  
Older Adult Population ◽  
State Examination

AbstractFrailty is considered a multidimensional geriatric syndrome, manifested by the accumulation of age-associated deficits. The consequences of frailty transitions are still understudied. This study evaluated the influence of frailty transitions on cognitive function in the older adult population. We used data derived from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA) (2008–2018) on older adults aged ≥ 65 years. Frailty was assessed using a validated Korean frailty measure known as the frailty instrument (FI), and cognitive function was measured using the Korean version of the Mini-Mental State Examination (K-MMSE). Transitions in frailty and their relationship with cognitive function were investigated using lagged generalized estimating equations (GEE), t-tests, and ANOVA. Respondents who experienced frailty transitions (those with ameliorating frailty), those who developed frailty, and whose frailty remained constant, were more likely to have a lower cognitive function than those who were consistently non-frail. Older age, activities of daily living (ADL) disability, and instrumental ADL disability were more negatively associated with declining cognitive function, especially in the “frail → frail” group. Changes in all individual components of the frailty instrument were significantly associated with impaired cognitive function. The results suggest an association between frailty transitions and cognitive impairment. Over a 2-year span, the remaining frail individuals had the highest rate of cognitive decline in men, while the change from non-frail to frail state in women was significantly associated with the lowest cognitive function values. We recommend early interventions and prevention strategies in older adults to help ameliorate or slow down both frailty and cognitive function decline.

scholarly journals Vision and Hearing Impairments Affecting Activities of Daily Living among Malaysian Older Adults by Gender

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6271
Author(s):  
Yee Mang Chan ◽  
Norhafizah Sahril ◽  
Ying Ying Chan ◽  
Nor’ Ain Ab Wahab ◽  
Norliza Shamsuddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Hearing Impairments ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Adl Disability

Vision and hearing impairments are common among older adults and can cause undesirable health effects. There are limited studies from low- and middle-income countries exploring gender differences between vision and hearing impairment with Activities of Daily Living (ADL) disability. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate gender differences between vision and hearing impairments with ADL disability among older adults in Malaysia. Cross-sectional data from 3977 respondents aged 60 and above from the Malaysian National Health and Morbidity Survey 2018 were used. We used logistic regression analysis to measure associations between vision and hearing impairments with ADL disability, adjusted for covariates. The prevalence of ADL disability was higher among females than males (p < 0.001). The adjusted associations between vision impairment and ADL disability were significant among males (aOR 3.79; 95%CI 2.26, 6.38) and females (aOR 2.66; 95%CI 1.36, 5.21). Similarly, significant adjusted associations were found between hearing impairment and ADL disability among males (aOR 5.76; 95%CI 3.52, 9.40) and females (aOR 3.30; 95%CI 1.17, 9.33). Vision and hearing impairments were significantly associated with ADL disability, with no gender differences identified. Early detection and effective management of vision and hearing impairments are important to prevent ADL disability and improve older adults’ level of independence.

Appendicular Lean Mass, Grip Strength, and the Development of Hospital-Associated Activities of Daily Living Disability among Older Adults in the Health ABC Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
James S Andrews ◽  
Laura S Gold ◽  
May J Reed ◽  
Jose M Garcia ◽  
Robyn L McClelland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Adult Survivors ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Appendicular Lean Mass ◽  
Adl Disability ◽  
Separate Regression

Abstract Background Half of all physical disability, including activity of daily living (ADL) disability, among older adults occurs in the setting of hospitalization. This study examines whether appendicular lean mass (ALM) and grip strength, which are commonly included in various definitions of sarcopenia, are associated with development of hospital-associated ADL disability in older adults in the Health ABC Study. Methods Individuals hospitalized during the first 5 years of follow-up (n=1,724) were analyzed. ALM to body mass index (BMI) ratio (ALMBMI), by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and grip strength, by hand-held dynamometery, were assessed annually. Development of new ADL disability was assessed at the time of the next annual assessment after hospitalization. Separate regression analyses modeled the association of pre-hospitalization ALMBMI or grip strength with death before the next scheduled annual assessment. Next, among those who survived to the next annual assessment, separate regression analyses modeled the association of ALMBMI or grip strength with development of ADL disability. Results Each standard deviation decrement in pre-hospitalization grip strength was associated with an adjusted 1.80 odds of new ADL disability at follow-up (95% CI: 1.18, 2.74). Low, compared to not low, grip strength (per FNIH definition) was associated with an adjusted 2.36 odds of ADL disability at follow-up (95% CI: 1.12, 4.97). ALM measures were not associated with development of hospital-associated ADL disability. ALM and grip strength measures were not associated with death. Conclusions Pre-hospitalization lower grip strength may be an important risk factor for ADL disability among older adult survivors of hospitalization.

scholarly journals Effect of Aspirin on Activities of Daily Living Disability in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robyn L Woods ◽  
Sara Espinoza ◽  
Le T P Thao ◽  
Michael E Ernst ◽  
Joanne Ryan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Dose Aspirin ◽  
Low Dose Aspirin ◽  
Adl Disability ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽  
Aspirin Group

Abstract Background Cerebrovascular events, dementia and cancer can contribute to physical disability with activities of daily living (ADL). It is unclear whether low-dose aspirin reduces this burden in aging populations. In a secondary analysis, we now examine aspirin’s effects on incident and persistent ADL disability within a primary prevention aspirin trial in community-dwelling older adults. Methods The ASPREE (ASPirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly) trial of daily 100mg aspirin versus placebo recruited 19,114 healthy adults aged 70+ years (65+ years if U.S. minority) in Australia and the U.S. Six basic ADLs were assessed every six months. Incident ADL disability was defined as inability or severe difficulty with ≥1 ADL; persistence was confirmed if the same ADL disability remained after six months. Proportional hazards modelling compared time to incident or persistent ADL disability for aspirin versus placebo; death without prior disability was a competing risk. Results Over a median 4.7 years, incident ADL disability was similar in those receiving aspirin (776/9525) and placebo (787/9589) with walking, bathing, dressing and transferring the most commonly reported. Only 24% of incident ADL disability progressed to persistent. Persistent ADL disability was lower in the aspirin group (4.3 versus 5.3 events/1000py; HR=0.81, 95% CI:0.66-1.00), with bathing and dressing the most common ADL disabilities in both groups. Following persistent ADL disability there were more deaths in the aspirin group (24 versus 12). Discussion Low-dose aspirin in initially healthy older people did not reduce risk of incident ADL disability, although there was evidence of reduced persistent ADL disability.

scholarly journals Predictor of Activities of Daily Living (ADL) Disability in Patients Undergoing Cardiovascular Surgery

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 299-304
Author(s):  
Shinji Mizuta ◽  
Shinya Takahashi ◽  
Mayo Oshita ◽  
Miwa Arakawa ◽  
Akira Katayama
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Cardiovascular Surgery ◽  
Adl Disability

scholarly journals Socio-economic inequality in functional disability and impairments with focus on Instrumental Activity of Daily Living: A Study on Older Adults in India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ratna Patel ◽  
Shobhit Srivast ◽  
Pradeep Kumar ◽  
SHEKHAR CHAUHAN ◽  
Mani Deep Govindu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
Economic Inequality ◽  
National Level ◽  
Memory Loss ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
The Government

Abstract Background Studies have examined functional disability among older adults by combining Activities of Daily Living (ADL) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL). This study adds another dimension to ADL and IADL by combining various impairments such as hearing, vision, walking, chewing, speaking, and memory loss among older adults. This study examines functional disability among older adults in India as measured by ADL, IADL, along with various impairments. Methods This study utilized data from Building a Knowledge Base on Population Aging in India (BKPAI), a national-level survey and conducted across seven states of India. The study utilized three outcome variables, namely, ADL, IADL, and Impairments. Descriptive and bivariate analyses were used along with multivariate analysis to fulfill the objectives of the study. The concentration index was calculated for ADL, IADL, and impairments, and further, decomposition analysis was carried out for IADL. Results The results observed that nearly 7.5 percent of older adults reported ADL, more than half (56.8%) reported IADL, and nearly three-fourths (72.6%) reported impairments. Overall, ADL, IADL, and impairments were higher among older adults aged 80 + years, older adults with poor self-rated health, and those suffering from chronic diseases. Educational status and wealth explained most of the socio-economic inequality in the prevalence of IADL among older adults. Conclusion It is recommended that the government advise older adults to adopt health-promoting approaches, which may be useful. Further, there is a pressing need to deliver quality care to older adults suffering from chronic conditions.

Patients' Perception of Distress Due to Symptoms and Effects of Asthma on Daily Living and an Investigation of Possible Influential Factors

1990 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. H. Quirk ◽  
P. W. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Visual Analogue Scale ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Analogue Scale ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
Distress Score ◽  
Repeated Measures Analysis ◽  
Adult Asthmatic

1. Distress ratings for questions relating to the symptoms and impacts of asthma on daily living have been examined in 40 adult asthmatic outpatients. 2. The patients responded to each item in a 76-item questionnaire by marking a 10 cm visual analogue scale to indicate the degree of distress associated with the symptoms or state described in the question. The resulting score (as a percentage of 10 cm) was interpreted as the degree of distress associated with a particular item. 3. The possible influence on these distress scores of five factors, age, duration (time in years from diagnosis to interview), variability [recorded variability of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) expressed as amplitude per cent mean], sex and FEV1 (current and worst recorded in the clinic, expressed as per cent of predicted) was investigated. 4. From correlations of each item with age, 11/76 items were significant at P < 0.05. Taking the results from all 76 items in a repeated measures analysis of variance, there was a small significant relationship between age and distress score (P = 0.048). The direction of the association was negative, suggesting that younger patients were less tolerant of asthma; however, the effect of age only explained 1.5% of the total variance in scores of the 76 items. 5. From correlations of visual analogue scale score for each item against duration, 10/76 items were significant at P < 0.05, but taking the 76 items overall there was no significant association (P = 0.2). 6. The remaining factors, sex, variability and FEV1, only showed a significant effect in 1/76, 1/76 and 5/76 items, respectively (P < 0.05). Taking the 76 items overall did not demonstrate significant effects for any of these factors. 7. We conclude that age, sex, FEV1, duration and variability have little influence as predictors of patients' perception of their distress due to asthma.

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