scholarly journals Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity of Caffeine Extracted From Kolanut (Cola Nitida)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebuka Leonard Onyeyilim ◽  
Ezinne Evelyn Ugwu ◽  
Adaeze Linda Onugwu ◽  
Chiamaka Peace Uzoewulu ◽  
Idowu Iyabo Otunomo
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Dpph Assay ◽  
High Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Aqueous Layer ◽  
Cola Nitida ◽  
Hcl Solution

Abstract Crude caffeine was isolated from kola nut, by treating the filtrate obtained from powdered kola nut with lead (II) acetate to precipitate acids and albumins, along with HCl to precipitate lead ions, and to make some insoluble tannins to be soluble, then Na2CO3 solution was added to neutralise the acidic HCl solution. Dichloromethane is added to the filtrate to extract the caffeine from the aqueous layer and then distilled to obtain the crude caffeine. The extracted crude caffeine is recrystallized with activated charcoal and tested for its antioxidant capacity, using the DPPH assay, which screens the antioxidant activity of plant extracts. The DPPH (2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) in methanol helps to facilitate the extraction of the antioxidant compounds from the sample. Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) is used as the standard for this assay, due to its appreciable antioxidant activity. The IC50 value was calculated from the graph of % inhibition against concentration, and the extracted caffeine from kola nut was found out to have a high antioxidant activity comparable to that of the standard, ascorbic acid.

Antioxidant Compounds in Traditional Indian Pickles May Prevent the Process-Induced Formation of Benzene

2016 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
MAHESH M. KHARAT ◽  
VANSHIKA ADIANI ◽  
PRASAD VARIYAR ◽  
ARUN SHARMA ◽  
REKHA S. SINGHAL
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Benzoic Acid ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
World Health ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
High Antioxidant Activity

ABSTRACTPickles in the Indian market contain ascorbic acid from the raw material used and benzoate as an added preservative that are involved in the formation of benzene in soft drinks. In this work, 24 market pickle samples were surveyed for benzene content, as well as its precursors and other constituents that influence its formation. The analysis showed that pickle samples were high in acid content (low pH) and showed significant amount of ascorbic acid, minerals (Cu and Fe), and benzoic acid present in them. Also, most samples exhibited high antioxidant activity that might be attributed to the ingredients used, such as fruits and spices. The solid-phase microextraction headspace gas chromatography–mass spectrometry method was developed in-house for benzene analysis. Eleven of 24 samples had benzene, with the highest concentration of 4.36 ± 0.82 μg of benzene per kg of pickle for a lime pickle that was also reported to have highest benzoic acid and considerably less hydroxyl radical (•OH) scavenging activity. However, benzene levels for all 11 samples were considerably below the World Health Organization regulatory limit of 10 μg/kg for benzene in mineral water. Studies on model systems revealed that the high antioxidant activity of Indian pickles may have had a strong inhibitory effect on benzene formation.

scholarly journals Extraction Optimization and Valorization of the Cornelian Cherry Fruits Extracts: Evidence on Antioxidant Activity and Food Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (22) ◽  
pp. 10729
Author(s):  
Iuliana Maria Enache ◽  
Óscar Benito-Román ◽  
Gigi Coman ◽  
Camelia Vizireanu ◽  
Nicoleta Stănciuc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Cornelian Cherry ◽  
Food Applications ◽  
Lower Effect ◽  
High Antioxidant Activity

In this work, the optimization of two extraction methods, conventional CE and ultrasound-assisted UAE, to obtain extracts from cornelian cherry fruit with high antioxidant activity, which can be used to produce healthier jelly candies, is presented. In the CE process, the effects of temperature (30–50 °C), time (15–45 min), and hydroalcoholic mixtures (60–100% ethanol, v/v) were studied. The highest antioxidant activity (29.83 ± 0.85 mg TE/g dw) was found in the extracts obtained using 60% ethanol at 40 °C for 15 min. The UAE process led to comparable values of 26.60 ± 0.53 mg TE/g dw at 40% amplitude and pulsed sonication (5 s on and 5 s off) for 12.5 min. Under these experimental conditions, the specific energy consumed was 1.91 kJ/g. The vitamin C content and its inhibitory activity against metabolic enzymes were evaluated in extracts with different antioxidant activity. A significant inhibitory effect against carbohydrate-metabolism-associated enzymes was identified for all the tested extracts, with an inhibitory effect against α-glucosidase higher than 75%, but with a lower effect against α-amylase. The extract obtained by CE (60% ethanol, 40 °C, 15 min) provided the highest vitamin C content of 39.9 ± 1.2 mg ascorbic acid/100 g dw. Four variants of the healthier jelly candies were formulated, with a vitamin C content of 0.34 mg ascorbic acid/100 g dw in samples with agar-agar and 0.70 mg ascorbic acid/100 g dw in samples with gelatin.

Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Aqueous Extracts Obtained from Herb of Tansy (Tanacetum Vulgare L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 1041-1044
Author(s):  
Claudia Anca Mot ◽  
Andreea I. Lupitu ◽  
Simona Bungau ◽  
Ciprian Iovan ◽  
Dana Maria Copolovici ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Food Preservation ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Tanacetum Vulgare ◽  
High Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Natural Additives

The aim of this study was to determine the phenolic content and antioxidant activity of extracts obtained from herb of Tanacetum vulgare L. (tansy) harvested in two different locations from the western part of Romania. Aqueous extracts of tansy presented high antioxidant activity that ranged between 295.77 and 653.65 mg GAE/L, and remarkable percentage of inhibition (31.82-65.05 %). The compounds quantified in the plant extracts that were determined by UHPLC are: ascorbic acid, riboflavin, pyrocatechol, rutin, quercetin, and kaempferol. Extracts obtained from tansy flowers showed higher content of phenols compared to that obtained from leaves. Similarly, the flower extracts present a high antioxidant activity that could suggest their use as natural additives in food preservation and also in pharmaceutical industry and veterinary medicine.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Compounds, Mineral Content and Antioxidant Activity of Several Tomato Cultivars Grown in Southwestern Romania

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Violeta NOUR ◽  
Ion TRANDAFIR ◽  
Mira E. IONICA
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Fruit Shape ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Tomato Cultivars

Ten indeterminate tomato cultivars differing in fruit shape and typology, grown simultaneously in a greenhouse from Oltenia (Southwestern Romania) and harvested at red ripe stage, were investigated for the contents in ascorbic acid, lycopene, β-carotene, total phenolics, minerals (K, Na, Ca and Mg) and trace elements (Fe, Cu, Mn, Cr, Zn and B). In addition, their antioxidant activities were determined. Significant differences were found among tomato cultivars in all studied antioxidant compounds, as well as in the antioxidant activity. Ascorbic acid ranged from 91.9 to 329.7 mg kg-1 fw, lycopene ranged from 19.7 to 49.0 mg kg-1 fw, while total phenolic compounds varied between 300.2 and 557.8 mg kg-1 fw. Antioxidant activity ranged from 0.81 mmol Trolox kg-1 fw to 1.74 mmol Trolox kg-1 fw and it was significantly correlated to total phenolics content (r = 0.91; p< 0.05). The cocktail type cultivar ‘Tiger’ and the cherry type cultivar ‘Belle’ proved to be the most powerful in antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds while the rectangular plum shaped cultivar ‘Porto’ recorded the highest average lycopene content. A valuable cultivar proved to be the brownish red ‘Sacher’ which registered among the highest contents of phenolics, lycopene and ascorbic acid. Mineral and trace elements contents were also significantly affected by cultivars. Values recorded for K, Ca and Mg ranged from 2139.6 to 3056.9 mg kg-1, 137.7 to 325.8 mg kg-1 and 27.3 to 168.7 mg kg-1 respectively.

scholarly journals UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK ETANOL BULBUS BAWANG DAYAK (Eleutherine americana Merr) DENGAN METODE DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2-Picrylhydrazyl)

PHARMACON ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 451
Author(s):  
Rizkah V. Mokoginta ◽  
Herny E. I. Simbala ◽  
Karlah L.R Mansauda
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Onion Plant ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Experimental Laboratory ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Eleutherine Americana

ABSTRACTDayak onion plant (Eleutherine americana Merr.) or commonly called forest onion is a typical plant of Central Kalimantan that has been used by local peoples for cure a various types of diseases. This study aims to determine the activity of antioxidant compounds from Dayak bulb ethanol extracts from Kotamobagu City. This research method is an experimental laboratory. Initially the Dayak bulb sample was extracted maceration with 96% ethanol solvent then evaporated until a thick extract was obtained. As a parameter, the DPPH method (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) was used to test the antioxidant activity of the samples at concentrations of 50, 60, 70, 80 and 90 mg / L and as a comparison standard used Vitamin C with concentrations of 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 mg / L. The results obtained showed antioxidant activity in Dayak bulb ethanol extracts with IC50 values of 41.46 mg / L and on vitamin C IC50 values of 1.04 mg / L. Based on these results it can be concluded that the onion bulb ethanol extract has very strong antioxidant activity. Keywords: Dayak Onion bulbs, Activity, Antioxidant, DPPH  ABSTRAK Tanaman bawang Dayak (Eleutherine americana Merr.) atau biasa disebut bawang hutan merupakan tanaman khas Kalimantan Tengah yang sudah dipergunakan masyarakat lokal sebagai obat berbagai jenis penyakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas senyawa antioksidan dari ekstrak etanol bulbus bawang Dayak yang berasal dari Kota Kotamobagu. Metode penelitian ini adalah eksperimental laboratorium. Awalnya sampel bulbus bawang Dayak diekstraksi maserasi dengan pelarut etanol 96% kemudian dievaporasi hingga didapatkan ekstrak kental. Sebagai parameter, digunakan metode DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) untuk pengujian aktivitas antioksidan sampel pada konsentrasi 50, 60, 70, 80 dan 90 mg/L dan sebagai standar pembanding digunakan Vitamin C dengan konsentrasi 2, 4, 6, 8 dan 10 mg/L. Hasil penelitian yang didapat menunjukkan aktivitas antioksidan pada ekstrak etanol bulbus bawang Dayak dengan nilai IC50 sebesar 41,46 mg/L dan pada vitamin C nilai IC50 sebesar 1,04 mg/L. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak etanol bulbus bawang Dayak memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang sangat kuat. Kata kunci: Bulbus Bawang Dayak, Aktivitas, Antioksidan, DPPH

scholarly journals Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Kandungan Komponen Bioaktif Sari Buah Namnam

2015 ◽  
pp. 130-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adawiah Adawiah ◽  
Dede Sukandar ◽  
Anna Muawanah
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Oxidative Reaction ◽  
High Antioxidant Activity

Antioxidant is a compoud  inhibit that have an important role in protecting health due to it can absorb free radical molecules and inhibit oxidative reaction which cause anykinds of diseases. This study aims to determine the chemical compositition and antioxidant  activity of namnam juice, characteristic of namnam. In this experimental, proximat analysis, TPC, TFC, Vitamin C, antioxidant activity were evaluated. Namnam juice contains 996.03 mg/L of phenolics, 421.09 mg/Lof flavonoids, 121.44 mg/100mL of vitamin C and high antioxidant activity with IC50 5µL/mL.DOI :http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/jkv.v0i0.3155.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and Prebiotic Activity of Selected Edible Wild Plant Extracts

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Poloko Stephen Kheoane ◽  
Clemence Tarirai ◽  
Tendekayi Henry Gadaga ◽  
Carmen Leonard ◽  
Richard Nyanzi
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Wild Plant ◽  
Edible Wild Plant ◽  
Edible Wild Plants ◽  
Total Dietary Fibre

Edible wild plants were investigated as potential sources of antioxidants and prebiotics to benefit human health. Antioxidant activity, ascorbic acid and total dietary fibre contents were determined in edible wild plants from Lesotho, Swaziland and South Africa. Pure probiotic strains of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. animalis (ATCC 25527), Lactobacillus rhamnosus (TUTBFD) and Lactobacillus acidophilus (ATCC 314) were cultured in broth containing edible wild plant extracts to assess their prebiotic activity. Cyperus esculantus had the highest arscobic acid content of 603±64.1 mg/100 g edible dry plant material followed by Rosa rubiginosa (500.8±48.8 mg/100 g). The two plants had IC50 of 10.7±0.2 µg/mL and 47.8±0.2 µg/mL for DPPH inhibition, respectively. Forty percent (40%) (n=30) of the edible wild plants had significant (p<0.01) total antioxidant activity (IC50<60 µg/mL) and high ascorbic acid content (>200 mg/100 g). Nasturtium officinale reported the highest yield for soluble fibre (25%) while Hypoxis hirsute had the highest total dietary fibre content (7.3%). Rorippa nudiuscula enhanced the growth of B. animalis significantly (p=0.001), 8-fold more than inulin. Chenopodium album and Urtica dioica stimulated the growth of L. rhamnosus significantly (p=0.0001) than inulin, respectfully, while Tragopogon porrifolius significantly (p=0.0001) stimulated the growth of L. acidophilus than inulin. It was concluded that the investigated edible wild plants from southern Africa have antioxidant and prebiotic properties that may be beneficial to human health.

scholarly journals ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY DURING STORAGE OF APPLES SUBJECTED TO IRRADIATION

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Argenta Fante ◽  
Heloísa Helena de Siqueira Elias ◽  
Paôla de Castro Henrique ◽  
Ana Carolina Vilas Boas ◽  
Luiz Carlos de Oliveira Lima
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Apple Cultivars ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Β Carotene ◽  
Low Irradiation

Nowadays, the number of studies about fruit conservation as well as the benefits of consumption of foods rich in antioxidant compounds was increased. This study aimed to quantify antioxidant compounds and their activity and to evaluate the physical and chemical changes during the post-harvest storage of Eva's apple cultivars that were subjected to gamma irradiation at doses of 0; 0.5; 1.0 and 1.5 kGy. The antioxidant activity was measured by the 2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and the β-carotene/linolenic acid methods. Levels of total phenolics, ascorbic acid, color, and soluble solids were evaluated. The results showed that, regardless of the irradiation dose, there was an increase in % SRL during post-harvest storage of Eva's apples. Low irradiation doses were able to preserve the phenolic compounds, maintain the ascorbic acid levels and avoid an increase in the soluble solids content.

scholarly journals In Vitro Antioxidant Activity of Dibenz[b,f]azepine and its Analogues

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (s2) ◽  
pp. 1123-1132 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Vijay Kumar ◽  
C. R. Gnanendra ◽  
Nagaraja Naik ◽  
D. Channe Gowda
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner

Dibenz[b,f]azepine and its five derivatives bearing different functional groups were synthesized by known methods. The compounds thus synthesized were evaluated for antioxidant potential through different in vitro models such as (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity,ß-carotene-linoleic acid model system, reducing power assay and phosphomolybdenum method. Under our experimental condition among the synthesized compounds dibenz[b,f]azepine (a) and 10-methoxy-5H-dibenz[b,f]azepine (d) exhibited potent antioxidant activity in concentration dependent manner in all the above four methods. Butylated hydroxyl anisole (BHA) and ascorbic acid (AA) were used as the reference antioxidant compounds. The most active compounds like dibenz[b,f]azepine and its methoxy group substituent have shown more promising antioxidant and radical scavengers compared to the standards like BHA and ascorbic acid. It is conceivable from the studies that the tricyclic amines,i.e. dibenz[b, f]azepine and some of its derivatives are effective in their antioxidant activity properties.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Activity of Indian Propolis - An In Vitro Evaluation

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 79-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shubharani Ramnath ◽  
Sivaram Venkataramegowda
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds

Antioxidants from the natural products are essential to prevent the progression of free radical mediated diseases. In the present study, ethanol extract of propolis collected from different geographical origin were evaluated for their free radical scavenging potential by employing different in-vitro assays such as DPPH, ABTS, Nitric oxide and Hydrogen peroxide. All the tested samples contained considerable amount of total phenols and vitamin C content. In the entire assay, the percentage of inhibition increased with the increase in concentration. Among the propolis samples collected, the highest activity was found in Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Karnataka and Haryana. The difference in the antioxidant activity level was obtained from the assay may reflect a relative difference in the ability of antioxidant compounds to scavenge different free radicals in the extract. Phenols and vitamin C are the major contributors to antioxidant activity in propolis. The propolis from these locations may be of considerable interest in preventing the ill effects of excessive free radical generation in the human body.

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