scholarly journals Collagen Fibers-based Self-assembled 3D Spheroids Alleviate Thioacetamide-induced Liver Cirrhosis in Rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Chiuan Wu ◽  
Guan Xuan Wu ◽  
Kuan Wei Chen ◽  
Li-Yen Shiu ◽  
Satheesh Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Collagen Fiber ◽  
Scar Tissue ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
Paracrine Factor ◽  
Self Assembled ◽  
Hepatocyte Spheroids ◽  
3D Spheroids

Abstract Cirrhosis refers to irreversible liver damage where healthy tissue is replaced by scar tissue which impairs liver function. There is no cure and current treatments only prevent further liver damage; thus novel therapeutic options are urgently needed. Here, we report a new approach that enables the formation of the self-assembled 3D spheroids of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and murine hepatocytes (AML12) via reconstituted collagen fibers. Compared with the spheroids formed in the commercially available EZSHERE dish, the collagen fiber-based ADSC/hepatocyte spheroids offer a notable benefit in structure formation and paracrine factor secretion. To test regenerative capability of the collagen fiber-based 3D ADSC/hepatocyte spheroids, a rat model of thioacetamide (TAA)-induced liver cirrhosis was employed. The transplantation of the collagen fiber-based 3D ADSC/hepatocyte spheroids show an improvement in liver function and ameliorates pathological liver cirrhosis in TAA-treated rats. In summary, our data show collagen fiber-based self-assembled 3D ADSC/hepatocyte spheroids to possess excellent regenerative capacity in response to TAA-induced liver injury, promising an alternative therapeutic strategy for liver cirrhosis.

Functional implications of myocardial scar structure

1997 ◽  
Vol 272 (5) ◽  
pp. H2123-H2130 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Holmes ◽  
J. A. Nunez ◽  
J. W. Covell
Keyword(s):  
Collagen Fiber ◽  
Circumferential Strain ◽  
Important Determinant ◽  
Scar Tissue ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
Myocardial Scar ◽  
Radial Deformation ◽  
Fiber Structure ◽  
Coronary Ligation ◽  
Functional Implications

During healing after myocardial infarction, scar collagen content and stiffness do not correlate. We studied regional mechanics and both area fraction and orientation of large collagen fibers 3 wk after coronary ligation in the pig. During passive inflation of isolated, arrested hearts, the scar tissue demonstrated significantly less circumferential strain but similar longitudinal and radial deformation in comparison with noninfarcted regions of the same hearts. The observed selective resistance to circumferential deformation was consistent with the finding that most of the large collagen fibers in the scar were oriented within 30 degrees of the local circumferential axis. Furthermore, data from a previous study indicate that during ventricular systole these scars resist circumferential stretching, whereas they deform similarly to noninfarcted myocardium in the longitudinal and radial directions. We conclude that large collagen fiber structure is an important determinant of scar mechanical properties and that scar anisotropy allows the scar to resist circumferential stretching while deforming compatibly with adjacent noninfarcted myocardium in the longitudinal and radial directions.

Fiber-Based Constitutive Model of Myocardial Scar Tissue

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dezba G. Coughlin ◽  
Gregory M. Fomovsky ◽  
Jeffrey W. Holmes
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Constitutive Model ◽  
Collagen Fiber ◽  
Scar Tissue ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
Myocardial Scar ◽  
Structural Basis ◽  
Myocardial Scar Tissue

It has largely been accepted that collagen fibers play an important role in the mechanics of myocardial scar tissue; however, few studies have performed both mechanical and structural analysis on the same samples to confirm this. Therefore, the goal of this study was to combine both types of analysis with a structure-based constitutive model, which incorporates measured collagen fiber orientations, to gain a better understanding of the structural basis for the mechanics of two-week-old scar tissue.

Urokinase Antigen in Plasma of Patients with Liver Cirrhosis and Hepatoma

1985 ◽  
Vol 54 (03) ◽  
pp. 617-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
J C Kirchheimer ◽  
K Huber ◽  
P Polterauer ◽  
B R Binder
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
Malignant Growth ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Impaired Liver Function ◽  
Impaired Liver ◽  
Specific Medication ◽  
History Of

SummaryPlasma urokinase antigen levels were studied in 78 patients suffering from liver diseases. Blood was drawn before any specific medication was initiated. Impairment of liver function was comparable in all patients. In both groups of cirrhotic liver disease (alcoholic and non-alcoholic), normal levels of plasma urokinase antigen were found as compared to age-matched control groups. In both groups of patients with hepatomas (with or without a history of liver cirrhosis), however, significantly increased plasma urokinase antigen levels could be determined. These data indicate that an increase in plasma urokinase antigen might rather relate to malignant growth in liver disease than to impaired liver function.

Mechanisms of liver damage in COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (19) ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
T. V. Pinchuk ◽  
N. V. Orlova ◽  
T. G. Suranova ◽  
T. I. Bonkalo
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
The World ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Analyze Data

At the end of 2019, a new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) was discovered in China, causing the coronavirus infection COVID-19. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic poses a major challenge to health systems around the world. There is still little information on how infection affects liver function and the significance of pre-existing liver disease as a risk factor for infection and severe COVID-19. In addition, some drugs used to treat the new coronavirus infection are hepatotoxic. In this article, we analyze data on the impact of COVID-19 on liver function, as well as on the course and outcome of COVID-19 in patients with liver disease, including hepatocellular carcinoma, or those on immunosuppressive therapy after liver transplantation.

A Review of the Collagen Orientation in the Articular Cartilage

Cartilage ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 194760352098877
Author(s):  
Roy D. Bloebaum ◽  
Andrew S. Wilson ◽  
William N. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Fiber Orientation ◽  
Collagen Fiber ◽  
Articular Surface ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
Deep Zone ◽  
Collagen Fiber Orientation ◽  
Critical Point Drying

Objective There has been a debate as to the alignment of the collagen fibers. Using a hand lens, Sir William Hunter demonstrated that the collagen fibers ran perpendicular and later aspects were supported by Benninghoff. Despite these 2 historical studies, modern technology has conflicting data on the collagen alignment. Design Ten mature New Zealand rabbits were used to obtain 40 condyle specimens. The specimens were passed through ascending grades of alcohol, subjected to critical point drying (CPD), and viewed in the scanning electron microscope. Specimens revealed splits from the dehydration process. When observing the fibers exposed within the opening of the splits, parallel fibers were observed to run in a radial direction, normal to the surface of the articular cartilage, radiating from the deep zone and arcading as they approach the surface layer. After these observations, the same samples were mechanically fractured and damaged by scalpel. Results The splits in the articular surface created deep fissures, exposing parallel bundles of collagen fibers, radiating from the deep zone and arcading as they approach the surface layer. On higher magnification, individual fibers were observed to run parallel to one another, traversing radially toward the surface of the articular cartilage and arcading. Mechanical fracturing and scalpel damage induced on the same specimens with the splits showed randomly oriented fibers. Conclusion Collagen fiber orientation corroborates aspects of Hunter’s findings and compliments Benninghoff. Investigators must be aware of the limits of their processing and imaging techniques in order to interpret collagen fiber orientation in cartilage.

India Ink Pinprick Experiments on Surface Organization of Cricoarytenoid Joints

1986 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 544-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel C. Kahane ◽  
Alice R. Kahn
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Collagen Fiber ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
Articular Surfaces ◽  
India Ink ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Cricoarytenoid Joint ◽  
Mechanical Factors ◽  
Fiber Organization

Collagen fiber organization in the articular surfaces of the cricoarytenoid joint (CAJ) was studied using a pinpricking technique used in biomechanical research in orthopedics. Four male human formalin preserved specimens (3 months to 20 years) and 6 male freshly autopsied specimens (19 to 30 yrs) were studied. Specimens were dissected using the stereomicroscope. Distinctive patterns of articular cartilage slits reflect the orientation of collagen fibers in the cricoid and arytenoid articular surfaces. The orientation of the collagen fibers reinforces the articular surfaces along the principle path of CAJ motion. No age related differences were found. This suggests that the orientation of collagen fibers in the CAJ articular surfaces is prenatally determined rather than significantly influenced by postnatal mechanical factors.

scholarly journals Liver Retraction Using n-Butyl-2-Cyanoacrylate (NBCA) Glue during Laparoscopic Splenectomy and Azygoportal Disconnection in Cirrhotic Patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Du Kong ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Gang Du ◽  
Binyao Shi ◽  
Zhengchen Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Portal Hypertension ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Blood Loss ◽  
Laparoscopic Splenectomy ◽  
Postoperative Bleeding ◽  
Gastroesophageal Varices ◽  
Liver Retraction ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cirrhotic Patients

Background. Although liver retraction using n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate (NBCA) glue has been applied to laparoscopic upper abdominal surgery in noncirrhotic patients, there is still no consensus on its safety and feasibility for cirrhotic patients. In this study, we aimed to investigate the safety and effectiveness of liver retraction using NBCA glue during laparoscopic splenectomy and azygoportal disconnection (LSD) for gastroesophageal varices and hypersplenism secondary to liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Methods. Thirty-nine gastroesophageal varices and hypersplenism secondary to liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension patients were included in our study. We performed LSD in the presence of NBCA glue (n = 22, NBCA group) and absence of NBCA glue (n = 17, n-NBCA group), respectively. The operation time, blood loss, postoperative hospitalization, and liver function were compared between the two groups. Results. There was no mortality during the operation. One patient in non-NBCA group received open surgery due to parenchyma hemorrhage. Postoperative pleural effusion occurred in 2 cases of the NBCA group and 1 of the non-NBCA group. One showed left subphrenic abscess in the non-NBCA group. No postoperative bleeding occurred after 9-30 months of follow-up. The time of operation in NBCA group was significantly shorter than those in n-NBCA group (198.86±17.86 versus 217.81±20.25min, P<0.01). Blood loss in NBCA group was significantly lower than non-NBCA group (159.09±56.98 versus 212.50±88.51 ml, P<0.05). The levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were increased on day 1 after LSD and decreased to normal level on day 7 after LSD in both groups. There was no significant difference in postoperative hospitalization and liver function between the two groups. Conclusion. Liver retraction using NBCA glue during LSD for gastroesophageal varices and hypersplenism secondary to liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension is safe, effective, and feasible.

scholarly journals Endoscopic injection sclerotherapy improves liver function compared with endoscopic variceal ligation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsuguru Hayashi ◽  
Tatsuyuki Watanabe ◽  
Michihiko Shibata ◽  
Shinsuke Kumei ◽  
Shinji Oe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Meld Score ◽  
Injection Sclerotherapy ◽  
Endoscopic Variceal Ligation ◽  
Endoscopic Injection Sclerotherapy ◽  
Endoscopic Injection ◽  
Liver Functions

AbstractLiver function is a most important prognostic factor in patients with liver cirrhosis. Also, portal hypertension is a fatal complication of liver cirrhosis and variceal treatment is indispensable. However, changes of liver functions after endoscopic variceal treatments are unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate prognosis and liver functions after endoscopic injection sclerotherapy (EIS) and endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL). A total of liver cirrhotic 103 patients who underwent prophylactic EIS and EVL were enrolled. Overall survival rate was higher in EIS group than EVL group (p = 0.03). Multivariate analysis showed that EIS was a negative factor for death (HR: 0.46, 95% confidence interval: 0.24–0.88, p = 0.02). Liver functions were assessed by blood test taken at before and 3 months after treatment. In EIS group, albumin and prothrombin time improved (p < 0.01), leading to improvement of Child–Pugh score, ALBI score and MELD score (p < 0.05). However, these did not improve in EVL group. EIS was a significant factor related to the elevated value of albumin after treatment in linear regression analysis (estimated regression coefficient: 0.17, 95% confidence interval: 0.05–0.29, p = 0.005). These results revealed that EIS could improve liver functions and prognosis.

scholarly journals Hepatoprotective and Antifibrotic Effects of Indonesian Propolis

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 134-140
Author(s):  
Diding Heri Prasetyo ◽  
Sarsono Sarsono ◽  
Ida Nurwati ◽  
Prihandjojo Andri Putranto ◽  
Martini Martini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Liver Cell ◽  
Hepatic Cirrhosis ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Liver Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
Liver Cell Damage

Liver cirrhosis is the irreversible stage in liver damage process which occurs after liver fibrosis due to necro-inflammatory activities and liver fibrosis. Therefore, inhibition of liver inflammation and fibrosis is very important to prevent liver cirrhosis. This study aimed to analyze the effect of ethanol extract of propolis (EEP) from mount Lawu, Indonesia to prevent liver damage and fibrosis progression in mice with hepatic cirrhosis. This study was performed during the period of June 2018 to May 2019 on a sample of 32 male Balb/C mice divided into control group (P1), induction of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4 ) group (P2), induction of 50 mg/BW CCl4 + EEP group (P3), and (induction of 100 mg/KgBW CCl4 + EEP (P4) with each group consisted of eight mice. The CCl4 in olive oil was administered intraperitoneally three times a week for six weeks. Mean differences between group was determined using ANOVA test with a significance level of 0.05. The induction of CCl4 increased liver cell damage and serum alanin aminotransferase (ALT) level. However, the addition of EEP significantly (p<0.001) reduced liver cell damage as seen in P3 (54.38±4.17 per 100 liver cells) and P4 (37.13±4.36 per 100 liver cells) groups and serum alanin aminotransferase (ALT) as seen in P3 (291.19±113.92 U/L) and P4 (229.38±73.45 U/L) groups. The APRI scores were also reduced after EEP as seen in P3 (0.738±0.292) and P4 (0.513±0.253) groups. Thus, EEP isolates from Gunung Lawu can reduce liver cell damage and fibrosis in mice model of hepatic cirrhosis.

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