scholarly journals Initial Evaluation of Uroplakins UPIIIa and UPII in Selected Benign Urological Diseases

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beata Szymańska ◽  
Michał Matuszewski ◽  
Janusz Dembowski ◽  
Agnieszka Piwowar
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Immunoenzymatic Method ◽  
Normal Expression ◽  
The Us ◽  
Urine Concentrations ◽  
Urological Disorders ◽  
And Function ◽  
Primary Vesicoureteral Reflux ◽  
Urological Diseases

Abstract BackgroundUroplakins (UPs) are glycoproteins that play a specific role in the structure and function of the urothelium. Disorders of normal expression of uroplakins are associated with the pathogenesis of infections and neoplasms of the urinary tract, primary vesicoureteral reflux, hydronephrosis and renal dysfunction. The appearance of uroplakins in the urine and/or plasma may be of potential importance in the detection of urinary tract dysfunction. The aim of the study was to investigate uroplakin IIIa (UPIIIa) and uroplakin II (UPII) expression in patients with selected urological diseases. Plasma and urine from patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), urethral stricture (US), urinary tract infection (UTI) and urolithiasis, were compared to healthy people without urological disorders. MethodsA total 152 of human urine and plasma samples from normal and patients with selected benign urological diseases were analyzed. UPs concentration was measured by immunoenzymatic method. All calculations were done using the STATISTICA 13.3 (TIBCO software Inc.).ResultsIn patients with BPH and UTI, UPIIIa in urine and plasma also UPII in urine concentrations were statistically significantly higher than in the control groups. In the US group, only the plasma UPIIIa concentration differed significantly from the control. There were no significant differences between the concentrations of UPs compared to the controls in both the urine and plasma of patients with urolithiasis. ConclusionThe conducted research shows that benign urological diseases may affect the state of the urothelium, as manifested by an increased concentration of both UPs in patients’ urine and plasma, especially in BPH and UTI.

scholarly journals Initial Evaluation of Uroplakins UPIIIa and UPII in Selected Benign Urological Diseases

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1816
Author(s):  
Beata Szymańska ◽  
Michał Matuszewski ◽  
Janusz Dembowski ◽  
Agnieszka Piwowar
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Immunoenzymatic Method ◽  
Normal Expression ◽  
The Us ◽  
Urological Disorders ◽  
And Function ◽  
Primary Vesicoureteral Reflux ◽  
Urological Diseases

Background: Uroplakins (UPs) are glycoproteins that play a specific role in the structure and function of the urothelium. Disorders which affect the normal expression of UPs are associated with the pathogenesis of infections and neoplasms of the urinary tract, primary vesicoureteral reflux, hydronephrosis and renal dysfunction. The appearance of uroplakins in the urine and/or plasma may be of potential importance in the detection of urinary tract dysfunction. The aim of the present study was to investigate uroplakin IIIa (UPIIIa) and uroplakin II (UPII) expression in patients with selected urological diseases. Methods: Plasma and urine from patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), urethral stricture (US), urinary tract infection (UTI) and urolithiasis were compared to healthy people without urological disorders. UPs concentrations were measured by the immunoenzymatic method. Results: In patients with BPH and UTI, concentrations of UPIIIa in urine and plasma, as well as UPII in urine, were statistically significantly higher than in the control groups. In the US group, only the plasma UPIIIa concentration differed significantly from the control. Conclusion: The conducted research shows that benign urological diseases may affect the state of the urothelium, as manifested by increased concentrations of both UPs in patients’ urine and plasma, especially in BPH and UTI.

The Therapeutic Potential of Saw Palmetto Extract in Urological Disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 1934578X2110596
Author(s):  
Meng Liu ◽  
Huirong Yin ◽  
Fang Wang ◽  
Ying Tian
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Alternative Therapy ◽  
Saw Palmetto ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Autonomic Receptors ◽  
Urological Disorders ◽  
Urological Diseases ◽  
Lower Urinary

Saw palmetto extract (SPE) has been widely used as a therapeutic remedy for urinary dysfunction in western countries. Furthermore, as an herb drug, it can be used as an alternative therapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) due to its safety and minimum adverse effects. Reportedly, SPE improves the urinary symptoms, which mainly depend on anti-androgenic effects and effects on autonomic receptors in the lower urinary tract. However, the mechanisms of action responsible for the therapeutic roles of SPE have not been fully elucidated. Relevant studies indicate that SPE has some positive effects on the treatment of urological diseases in animals, and clinical trials are ongoing. In this review, we summarize the pharmacological properties and discuss the possible therapeutic mechanisms of SPE in urological diseases, including anti-androgenic effects, effects on autonomic receptors in the lower urinary tract, anti-inflammatory activity, anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects, and highlight a potential therapeutic approach in the clinical treatment of patients with BPH, prostate cancer, chronic prostatitis (CP) and erectile dysfunction (ED).

scholarly journals Spring Freeze Damage of Pecan Bloom: A Review

Horticulturae ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Amandeep Kaur ◽  
Louise Ferguson ◽  
Niels Maness ◽  
Becky Carroll ◽  
William Reid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Height ◽  
The United States ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Tree Age ◽  
The Us ◽  
Nut Production ◽  
Freeze Damage ◽  
Terminal Buds ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Impact

Pecan is native to the United States. The US is the world’s largest pecan producer with an average yearly production of 250 to 300 million pounds; 80 percent of the world’s supply. Georgia, New Mexico, Texas, Arizona, Oklahoma, California, Louisiana, and Florida are the major US pecan producing states. Pecan trees frequently suffer from spring freeze at bud break and bloom as the buds are quite sensitive to freeze damage. This leads to poor flower and nut production. This review focuses on the impact of spring freeze during bud differentiation and flower development. Spring freeze kills the primary terminal buds, the pecan tree has a second chance for growth and flowering through secondary buds. Unfortunately, secondary buds have less bloom potential than primary buds and nut yield is reduced. Spring freeze damage depends on severity of the freeze, bud growth stage, cultivar type and tree age, tree height and tree vigor. This review discusses the impact of temperature on structure and function of male and female reproductive organs. It also summarizes carbohydrate relations as another factor that may play an important role in spring growth and transition of primary and secondary buds to flowers.

The Urinary Tract: Form and Function

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
B. Chakrabarty ◽  
J. Crook ◽  
Marcus Drake ◽  
Niall Gilliland ◽  
Dev Gulur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals Oral D mannose in the prevention and treatment of recurrent urinary tract infections: A review

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Porru ◽  
Annalisa De Silvestri ◽  
Edda Buffa ◽  
Catherine Klersy ◽  
Barbara Gardella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Recurrent Utis ◽  
Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tract Infections

The results of several studies reveal that antibiotics may promote treatment resistance by causing alterations in the intestinal flora. The development of a gut reservoir of resistant bacteria promotes the development of UTIs through autoinfection. This review aims to address clinical reliability, efficacy and safety of long-term treatment with oral D mannose for the prevention of Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections (RUTI) in females. A comprehensive MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus and Cochrane search was performed for English language reports published before December 2018 using the term “recurrent urinary tract infections and D mannose” was carried out. We searched Medline, Embase, Scopus and the Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials from January 2010 to December 2018. Eligible studies did not include non-oral therapy, local (vaginal) treatment in women with recurrent UTIs. We identified eligible original articles. A few limitations of the review are the heterogeneity of the available studies, their different rational and aim, the assumption of D mannose for prophylaxis or treatment of recurrent UTIs. Oral D mannose performs well in the prevention of UTIs recurrences, significant improvement of urinary symptoms was observed, the disease- free time was longer in the groups of patients under prophylaxis with D mannose in comparison with control groups (no treatment, antibiotic prophylaxis, prophylaxis with Proanthocyanidin (PAC) etc. The review has limitations, as the studies are heterogeneous, the meta-analysis requires classifications that can also be arbitrary. Furthermore, single-arm studies are not included. Some of the authors found this evidence inconclusive, which results as a limitation of the study. D mannose prolonged the recurrence-free interval of recurrent UTIs, thus reducing the prolonged or cyclical use of antibiotics, improving clinical symptoms, with a significant difference between treatment and control groups (no treatment, antibiotic prophylaxis, prophylaxis with Proanthocyanidin). However, most clinical trials used an association of different substances commingled with D mannose, dosages and regimens of D mannose were different. For this reason, the evidence of the efficacy of D mannose remains low.

scholarly journals Study the effect of supplement Stop-Cystitis® Plus in diseases of the urinary tract of cats and dogs

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
Ol'ga Petrova
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Placebo Control ◽  
Biochemical Profile ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Chemical Indicators ◽  
Treatment Complications ◽  
Baseline Values ◽  
Physical And Chemical

In this article were present of effectiveness Stop-cystitis® Plus drug containing the amino acids tryptophan, methionine and L-theonine and herbal. Evaluation of efficiency was carried out on the basis of a comprehensive clinical examination, analysis of physical and chemical indicators of urine, blood values (clinical and biochemical profile), ultrasound, cystocentase and microscopy, etc. Relapses after treatment, complications were monitored, and the dynamics of restoring the physiology of urination in animals was determined. For comparison, we used the indicators for placebo control groups and baseline values in healthy animals.

scholarly journals Localization and function of NO-GC in the murine gastrointestinal and lower urinary tract

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Lies ◽  
Dieter Groneberg ◽  
Dieter Saur ◽  
Andreas Friebe
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract ◽  
And Function ◽  
Lower Urinary
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