Comparison between the Extraperitoneal Route with the Transperitoneal Route for the Permanent Colostomy: A Meta-Analysis with Rcts and Systematic Review

Author(s):  
Jinlong Luo ◽  
Dujanand Singh ◽  
Faqiang Zhang ◽  
Xinting Yang ◽  
Xiaoying Zha ◽  
...  

Abstract AimTo assess the efficacy of extraperitoneal colostomy(EPC) in the prevention of stoma-related complications.BackgroundTransperitoneal colostomy (TPC) is still a widely used surgical approach. However, TPC has been reported with highly incidence of stoma-related complications, like parastomal hernia, stomal retraction, stomal prolapse.The purpose of EPC is to prevent these complications. But it is still lack of evidence-based basis.Material and methodsMEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, MOOSE, Pubmed, Google Scholar, Baidu Scholar, and the Cochrane Library were searched to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis with RCTs. Revman 5.4 was performed in the meta-analysis.ResultsA total of 5 RCTs were eligible in this study. Compared with TPC, EPC group had lower incidence in Parastomal Hernia (RR, 0.14; 95% CI, 0.04–0.52, P=0.003, I2=0%), Stomal Prolapse (RR, 0.27; 95% CI, 0.08–0.95, P=0.04, I2=0%) and a higher rate of defaecation Sensation (RR, 3.51; 95% CI, 2.47–5.0, P<0.00001, I2=37%). No statistical difference was observed in Stoma Retraction, Colostomy Construction Time, Stoma Ischemia, and Necrosis.ConclusionAn extraperitoneal colostomy is associated with a lower rate of postoperative complication compared to transperitoneal colostomy. Randomized controlled trial meta-analysis showed better results in permanent colostomy after abdominoperineal resection.

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei Chan ◽  
Melinda Gray ◽  
Christine Burns ◽  
Louisa Owens ◽  
Susan Woolfenden ◽  
...  

Abstract Objective We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the effectiveness of comprehensive community-based interventions with ≥ 2 components in improving asthma outcomes in children. Methods A systematic search of Medline, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE), Cochrane Library and hand search of reference collections were conducted to identify any research articles published in English between 2000 and 2019. All studies reporting community-based asthma interventions with ≥ 2 components (e.g., asthma self-management education, home environmental assessment or care coordination etc.) for children aged ≤ 18 years were included. Meta-analyses were performed using random-effects model to estimate pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results Of the 2352 studies identified, 21 studies were included in the final analysis: 19 pre-post interventions, one randomised controlled trial (RCT) and one retrospective study. Comprehensive asthma programs with multicomponent interventions were associated with significant reduction in asthma-related Emergency Department (ED) visits (OR = 0.26; 95% CI 0.20–0.35), hospitalizations (OR = 0.24; 95% CI 0.15–0.38), number of days (mean difference = − 2.58; 95% CI − 3.00 to − 2.17) and nights with asthma symptoms (mean difference = − 2.14; 95% CI − 2.94 to − 1.34), use of short-acting asthma medications/bronchodilators (BD) (OR = 0.28; 95% CI 0.16–0.51), and increase use of asthma action plan (AAP) (OR = 8.87; 95% CI 3.85–20.45). Conclusion Community-based asthma care using more comprehensive approaches may improve childhood asthma management and reduce asthma related health care utilization.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lixiang Lou ◽  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Zeqing Li ◽  
Baoming Tang ◽  
Zhaowei Li

AbstractBackgroundThe global total of COVID-19 cases will reach 20 million this week, with 750,000 deaths. It has spread to more than 200 countries and regions around the world. At present, the global pandemic continues to rise and continues to spread worldwide. It is necessary to explore the effective and safe treatment of COVID-19 as soon as possible. Remdesiviras was an antiviral agent with therapeutic potential, but it was still controversial.ObjectiveThrough systematic review and meta-analysis, to evaluate the effect and safety of remdesivir in the treatment of patients with COVID-19, and will provide a reliable reference for the treatment of COVID-19.MethodsWe used the following search string: “COVID-19” [Mesh], “remdesivir” [Mesh], “randomized controlled trial” [Mesh]. We used the Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) terms and corresponding keywords to make the search strategy. We searched six databases, PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, clinical trials.gov and chictr.org.cn. Data analyses were conducted by using the software Review Manager 5.3 and STATA version 14.0.ResultsOur systematic search identified 5 meta-analyses of RCTs, including 1782 patients with COVID-19.The clinical improvement of remdesivir in the treatment of COVID-19 was superior to the placebo-controlled group (relative risk (RR) =1.17, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.07-1.29, p=0.0009). The following are the Single-Arm Study, Meta-analysis results. The pooled prevalence of clinical improvement significant findings was 62% (95% CI = 59-65%, p=0.00), during treatment of COVID-19 with remdesivir. The incidence rates of Acute kidney injury, Hepatic enzyme increased, Any serious adverse event were 5% (95%CI=3-7%, p=0.00), 11%(95%CI=5-16%, p=0.00), 22%(95%CI=18-27%, p=0.00), respectively, and the mortality was 13%(95%CI=8-19%, p=0.00), during treatment of COVID-19 with remdesivir.ConclusionThis analysis confirms that remdesivir is effective in the clinical improvement of COVID-19 patients, and the rate of clinical improvement was 62%. In addition, adverse events and mortality should also be paid attention to. Future research should aim that more large-scale studies were needed to confirm the results, to further elucidate the underlying mechanisms.


Author(s):  
Sukirno Sukirno

Evidence Based Medicine (EBM) merupakan pemanfaatan bukti ilmiah berdasarkan penelitian klinis mutakhir yang sahih dalam tatalaksana proses penyembuhan penyakit. Salah satu syarat utama untuk memfasilitasi pengambilan keputusan klinik yang evidence-based, adalah dengan menyediakan bukti-bukti ilmiah yang relevan. Tipe kajian  diutamakan yang berupa hasil review sistematik, meta-analisis, dan randomised controlled trial (RCT). Salah satu dari lima langkah dalam evidence based medicine yaitu yaitu menelusur  bukti  dari sumber database hasil penelitian yang memuat bukti-bukti ilmiah. PubMed Clinical Queries dan The Cochrane Library merupakan database berisi hasil riset sekunder (systematic-review/meta-analysis) yang mensintesis hasil riset primer. Kolaborasi pustakawan dalam pengambilan keputusan klinis yaitu dengan  memberikan pelatihan  atau menelusur artikel hasil penelitian yang akan digunakan dalam pengambilan klinis dari database yang memuat bukti ilmiah.


2020 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Agnes M. Mutua ◽  
Reagan M. Mogire ◽  
Alison M. Elliott ◽  
Thomas N. Williams ◽  
Emily L. Webb ◽  
...  

Introduction: Vitamin D plays an important role in brain development in experimental studies; however, the effect of vitamin D deficiency on child development remains inadequately characterized. We aimed to estimate the effects of vitamin D deficiency on neurobehavioural outcomes in children up to 18 years of age. Methods: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Open Grey for published studies up to 10th January 2020. We included all studies that assessed the effects of maternal or child vitamin D status or vitamin D supplementation on neurobehavioural outcomes in children. Study findings were synthesized qualitatively as the high level of heterogeneity in study populations and methodologies precluded a quantitative meta-analysis. Results: Our search identified 5,633 studies, of which 31 studies with 31,375 participants from 18 countries were included in the systematic review. Of the studies identified, one was a randomised controlled trial (RCT) of vitamin D supplementation in children, while 30 were observational. The RCT (n=55) reported a beneficial effect of supplementation with lower doses compared to higher doses of vitamin D on motor development. Twelve mother-child studies (n=17,136) and five studies in children (n=1,091) reported an association between low maternal or child 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and impaired neurobehavioural outcomes in children, while 15 mother-child studies (n=20,778) and eight studies in children (n=7,496) reported no association. Conclusions: Although animal studies point to an effect of vitamin D deficiency on brain development, there are few studies on the effects of vitamin D deficiency on neurobehavioural outcomes in children and their findings are inconsistent. There is a need for well-conducted, adequately powered studies to further determine these effects in children. Registration: PROSPERO ID CRD42018087619; registered on 15 February 2018.


2021 ◽  
pp. 004051752110432
Author(s):  
Adeel Zulifqar ◽  
Joanne Wai Yee Chung ◽  
Jane Jianzhen Li ◽  
Thomas Kwok Shing Wong

The aim of this paper is to evaluate the efficacy of absorbent textiles for incontinence (ATI) in managing post-voiding dribble (PVD) in older men. In this systematic review, a literature search was conducted to identify relevant studies using PubMed, Science Direct, and Cochrane Library databases from 2010 to 2020. The search included clinical trials and studies that evaluated the use of disposable or reusable ATI in managing PVD or urinary incontinence in older men. The quality assessment was done using Joanna Brigg's randomized controlled trial inventory method. Data was extracted from those studies meeting the quality criteria for meta-analysis. A total of 352 articles were found in the initial database search and an additional 18 articles were selected through a hand search based on the inclusion criteria. After the assessment, only two studies meeting the quality criteria were included in the data extraction. The results of the meta-analysis showed that ATI improved the psychological and physical aspects of quality of life, while urisheaths reduced the daily consumption and number of leaks of incontinence. In connection with ATI, disposable underpads can significantly lower the development of hospital acquired pressure injuries and hospital length of stay, while disposable or reusable underpads had no significant influence on the development of incontinence-associated dermatitis.


2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 158-167
Author(s):  
Lisette E.E. Van Der Houwen ◽  
Anneke M.F. Schreurs ◽  
Roel Schats ◽  
Pam Kaspers ◽  
Cornells B. Lambalk ◽  
...  

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of intrauterine insemination (IUI) in moderate to severe endometriosis patients, a systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted since the role of this treatment strategy in these patients is a matter of debate in the literature. Systematic searches were performed in PubMed, EMBASE, Cinahl, and The Cochrane Library from inception to September 1, 2016. Studies including moderate to severe endometriosis patients reporting pregnancy rates after IUI were selected. The primary outcome was live birth after IUI treatment compared to expectant management. Secondary noncomparative outcomes were live birth and clinical pregnancy, which were presented as weighed mean pregnancy rates. Nineteen articles (2 unclear design, 11 retrospective, 6 prospective) were included for the analysis. Our primary outcome measure was only addressed by one study, showing an odds ratio of 1.77 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.86–3.63) on live birth favoring IUI versus no treatment. The calculated weighed mean live birth and clinical pregnancy rate per patient was 20.3% (95% CI, 11.2–29.4) and 32.7% (95% CI, 21.3– 44.0), respectively. This meta-analysis of observational data showed that IUI could be a feasible treatment in moderate to severe endometriosis. Whether this treatment should be structurally offered prior to in vitro fertilization needs to be investigated in a randomized, controlled trial, including time-to-pregnancy, safety, and cost-effectiveness.


PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0260844
Author(s):  
Karel H. van der Pol ◽  
Kimberley E. Wever ◽  
Mariette Verbakel ◽  
Frank L. J. Visseren ◽  
Jan H. Cornel ◽  
...  

Aims To compare the effectiveness of allopurinol with no treatment or placebo for the prevention of cardiovascular events in hyperuricemic patients. Methods and results Pubmed, Web of Science and Cochrane library were searched from inception until July 2020. Randomized controlled trials (RCT) and observational studies in hyperuricemic patients without significant renal disease and treated with allopurinol, versus placebo or no treatment were included. Outcome measures were cardiovascular mortality, myocardial infarction, stroke, or a combined endpoint (CM/MI/S). For RCT’s a random effects meta-analysis was performed. For observational studies a narrative synthesis was performed. Of the original 1995 references we ultimately included 26 RCT’s and 21 observational studies. We found a significantly reduced risk of combined endpoint (Risk Ratio 0.65 [95% CI] [0.46 to 0.91]; p = 0.012) and myocardial infarction (RR 0.47 [0.27 to 0.80]; p = 0.01) in the allopurinol group compared to controls. We found no significant effect of allopurinol on stroke or cardiovascular mortality. Of the 15 observational studies with sufficient quality, allopurinol was associated with reduced cardiovascular mortality in 1 out of 3 studies that reported this outcome, myocardial infarction in 6 out of 8, stroke in 4 out of 7, and combined end-point in 2 out of 2. Cardiovascular benefit was only observed when allopurinol therapy was prolonged for more than 6 months and when an appropriate allopurinol dose was administered (300 mg or more/day) or sufficient reduction of serum urate concentration was achieved (<0.36 mmol/l). Conclusions Data from RCT’s and observational studies indicate that allopurinol treatment reduces cardiovascular risk in patients with hyperuricemia. However, the quality of evidence from RCTs is low to moderate. To establish whether allopurinol lowers the risk of cardiovascular events a well-designed and adequately powered randomized, placebo-controlled trial is needed in high-risk patients with hyperuricemia. Systematic review registration PROSPERO registration CRD42018089744


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
YANG YUAN ◽  
Quan Zheng ◽  
Mingjun Hu ◽  
Zhilin Si ◽  
Shuncheng Xie ◽  
...  

Abstract Background:Viral pneumonia is inflammation (irritation and swelling) of the lungs due to infection with a virus. Rapidly progressing viral pneumonia is associated with considerable mortality, representing a severe threat and imparting a substantial financial burden worldwide.Specific treatments for the viral pneumonia were not yet determined. Recently, Shuanghuanglian injection of Traditional Chinese Medicine was used to treat viral pneumonia. However,there is no systematic reviews have evaluated its efficacy and safety for viral pneumonia.Methods:We search four English databases ( Pubmed, Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane library) and four Chinese databases (China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database) for all randomized controlled trial of Shuanghuanglian injection for the treatment of viral pneumonia until 11st of December , 2020. Two reviewers individually extracted data from the included randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Data will be synthesized by either the fixed-effects or random-effects model according to a heterogeneity test, Methodological quality assessment and risk of bias will be assessed using the Cochrane bias risk tool. Meta-analysis will be performed using RevMan5.3.5 software provided by the Cochrane Collaboration.Results: Viral pneumonia has become a disease with substantial mortality. A systematic review assessing the beneficial and harmful effects of Shuanghuanglian injection for viral pneumonia is needed. This study will compare the different outcome indicators of various studies directly and indirectly.This analysis will provide a high-quality synthesis of effectiveness and safety of Shuanghuanglian injection treatment for viral pneumonia.The main outcome indicators include: Outcomes will include mortality, cure rate, efficacy or adverse events confirmed by imaging diagnosis. Systematic review registration: INPLASY2020120047.


2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 1948-1964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathilde Bourdon ◽  
Khaled Pocate-Cheriet ◽  
Astri Finet de Bantel ◽  
Veronika Grzegorczyk-Martin ◽  
Aureli Amar Hoffet ◽  
...  

Abstract STUDY QUESTION Is there a difference in clinical pregnancy and live birth rates (LBRs) between blastocysts developing on Day 5 (D5) and blastocysts developing on Day 6 (D6) following fresh and frozen transfers? SUMMARY ANSWER D5 blastocyst transfers (BTs) present higher clinical pregnancy and LBRs than D6 in both fresh and frozen transfers. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY BT is increasingly popular in assisted reproductive technology (ART) centers today. To our knowledge, no meta-analysis has focused on clinical outcomes in both fresh and frozen BT. Concerning frozen blastocysts, one meta-analysis in 2010 found no significant difference in pregnancy outcomes between D5 and D6 BT. Since then, ART practices have evolved particularly with the wide use of vitrification, and more articles comparing D5 and D6 BT cycles have been published and described conflicting results. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION Systematic review and meta-analysis of published controlled studies. Searches were conducted from 2005 to February 2018 on MEDLINE and Cochrane Library and from 2005 to May 2017 on EMBASE, Eudract and clinicaltrials.gov, using the following search terms: blastocyst, Day 5, Day 6, pregnancy, implantation, live birth and embryo transfer (ET). PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS A total of 47 full-text articles were preselected from 808 references, based on title and abstract and assessed utilizing the Newcastle–Ottowa Quality Assessment Scales. Study selection and data extraction were carried out by two independent reviewers according to Cochrane methods. Random-effect meta-analysis was performed on all data (overall analysis) followed by subgroup analysis (fresh, vitrified/warmed, slow frozen/thawed). MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Data from 29 relevant articles were extracted and integrated in the meta-analysis. Meta-analysis of the 23 studies that reported clinical pregnancy rate (CPR) as an outcome, including overall fresh and/or frozen ET cycles, showed a significantly higher CPR following D5 ET compared with D6 ET (risk ratio (RR) = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.15–1.39, P < 0.001). For CPR, calculated subgroup RRs were 2.38 (95% CI: 1.74–3.24, P < 0.001) for fresh BT; 1.27 (95% CI: 1.16–1.39, P < 0.001) for vitrified/warmed BT; and 1.15 (95% CI: 0.93–1.41, P = 0.20) for slow frozen/thawed BT. LBR was also significantly higher after D5 BT (overall RR = 1.50 (95% CI: 1.32–1.69), P < 0.001). The LBR calculated RRs for subgroups were 1.74 (95% CI: 1.37–2.20, P < 0.001) for fresh BT; 1.38 (95% CI: 1.23–1.56, P < 0.001) for vitrified/warmed BT; and 1.44 (95% CI: 0.70–2.96, P = 0.32) for slow frozen/thawed BT. Sensitivity analysis led to similar results and conclusions: CPR and LBR were significantly higher following D5 compared to D6 BT. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION The validity of meta-analysis results depends mainly on the quality and the number of the published studies available. Indeed, this meta-analysis included no randomized controlled trial (RCT). Slow frozen/thawed subgroups showed substantial heterogeneity. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS In regards to the results of this original meta-analysis, ART practitioners should preferably transfer D5 rather than D6 blastocysts in both fresh and frozen cycles. Further RCTs are needed to address the question of whether D6 embryos should be transferred in a fresh or a frozen cycle. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This work was sponsored by an unrestricted grant from GEDEON RICHTER France. The authors have no competing interests to declare. REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42018080151.


Trials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rongrong Li ◽  
Yongliang Jiang ◽  
Renjie Hu ◽  
Xiaofen He ◽  
Jianqiao Fang

Abstract Background Tenosynovitis of the long head of the biceps (LHB) brachii is a common disease in patients over 40 years old. It can always result in chronic anterior shoulder pain and limited function. Acupuncture is one of most popular conservative treatment methods, and increasing studies indicate that it has remarkable therapeutic effects on the tenosynovitis of LHB brachii. However, the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture for treating tenosynovitis of LHB brachii remain largely uncertain. In our study, we will perform the first systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture on the tenosynovitis of LHB brachii. Methods We will search the randomized controlled trial (RCT) literatures involving acupuncture for treating tenosynovitis of LHB brachii in eight electric databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), Wanfang Database, and Technology Periodical Database (VIP). We will define the visual analog scale (VAS), the Melle score of shoulder joint functional activity, and the ability assessment of daily living activities (ADL) as the primary outcomes. Besides quality of life, adverse events caused by acupuncture will be regarded as the secondary outcomes. Quality assessment of the included studies will be independently performed according to the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. Meanwhile, the level of evidence for results will be assessed by using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) method. All analyses will be conducted by using the RevMan software V5.3. Results From the study, we will ascertain the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture treatment on tenosynovitis of LHB brachii. Conclusion The conclusion of this study will confirm the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture in the treatment of tenosynovitis of LHB brachii, which can provide new evidence to guide appropriate interventions on tenosynovitis of LHB brachii with acupuncture in the future. Ethics and dissemination Ethical approval is not required because no individual patient data are collected. This review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at an international academic conference for dissemination. Trial registration PROSPERO registration number CRD42020167434. Registered on April 28, 2020.


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