scholarly journals An Analysis About The Impact of Monetary Policy Shocks On The Flow of Funds Account: The Case of Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Vaez Barzani ◽  
Meymanat Ebrahimi ◽  
Leila Torki ◽  
Hassan Heydari
Keyword(s):  
First Year ◽  
Monetary Shocks ◽  
Financial Assets ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Flow Of Funds ◽  
National Economic ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Government ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The flow of funds account provides information on various economic sectors’ financial transactions. The present study has investigated the impact of monetary shocks on the dynamics of lending and borrowing of various economic sectors such as households, non-financial enterprises, the banks, the Central Bank of Iran (CBI), the government, and the foreign sector as well as the changes in financial assets and liabilities of mentioned sectors. An accurate analyzing in this regard could provide helpful guidance in making the appropriate policies for influencing macroeconomic variables. For this purpose, a FAVAR model was employed using data from 1973-2017. It was concluded that monetary shocks increased both the acquisition of new financial assets and the issuance of new liabilities of various national economic sectors and the banks were net borrowers from other economic sectors while other sectors – except the non-financial enterprises and the government that response with a delay– were net lenders in the first year. However, all national economic sectors turned into lenders and the foreign sector had become the borrower after the first year is passed. The reason for this appears to be the difference between domestic and foreign interest rate. Net capital outflow occurs for two years significantly.

The Use of Multimedia and its Impact on Bangladeshi EFL Learners at Tertiary Level

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 150
Author(s):  
Farzana Sharmin Pamela Islam
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Academic Writing ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
English Language ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Tertiary Level ◽  
Language Classroom ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

As 21st century is the era of modern technologies with different aspects, it offers us to make the best use of them. After tape recorder and overhead projector (OHP), multimedia has become an important part of language classroom facilities for its unique and effective application in delivering and learning lesson. Although in many parts of Bangladesh, a South Asian developing country, where English enjoys the status of a foreign language, the use of multimedia in teaching and learning is viewed as a matter of luxury. However, nowadays the usefulness and the necessity of it are well recognized by the academics as well as the government. The study aims to focus on the difference between a traditional classroom void of multimedia and multimedia equipped classrooms at university level by explaining how multimedia support the students with enhanced opportunity to interact with diverse texts that give them more in-depth comprehension of the subject. It also focuses on audio-visual advantage of multimedia on the students’ English language learning. The study has followed a qualitative method to get an in-depth understanding of the impact of using multimedia in an English language classroom at tertiary level. For this purpose, the data have been collected from two different sources. Firstly, from students’ written response to  an open ended question as to their comparative experience of learning  lessons with and without multimedia facilities; and secondly, through  observation of English language classes at a private university of Dhaka, the capital city of Bangladesh. The discussion of the study is limited to  the use of multimedia in English language classroom using cartoons, images and music with a view to enhance students’ skills in academic writing, critical analysis of image and critical appreciation of music. For this purpose, cartoons in English language, images from Google and music from You Tube have got focused discussion in this paper.

The Impact of Customer Loyalty and Restaurant Sanitation Grades on Revisit Intention and the Importance of Narrative Information: The Case of New York Restaurant Sanitation Grading System

2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Gyung Kim ◽  
Hyunjoo Yang ◽  
Anna S. Mattila
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Customer Loyalty ◽  
York City ◽  
Letter Grades ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Revisit Intentions ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Loyal Customers

New York City launched a restaurant sanitation letter grade system in 2010. We evaluate the impact of customer loyalty on restaurant revisit intentions after exposure to a sanitation grade alone, and after exposure to a sanitation grade plus narrative information about sanitation violations (e.g., presence of rats). We use a 2 (loyalty: high or low) × 4 (sanitation grade: A, B, C, or pending) between-subjects full factorial design to test the hypotheses using data from 547 participants recruited from Amazon MTurk who reside in the New York City area. Our study yields three findings. First, loyal customers exhibit higher intentions to revisit restaurants than non-loyal customers, regardless of sanitation letter grades. Second, the difference in revisit intentions between loyal and non-loyal customers is higher when sanitation grades are poorer. Finally, loyal customers are less sensitive to narrative information about sanitation violations.

scholarly journals Program Pemulihan Ekonomi Nasional Sebagai Kebijakan Penanggulangan Dampak Pandemi Covid-19 Pada Sektor UMKM

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-116
Author(s):  
Ratnawaty Marginingsih
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Economic Recovery ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
The Government ◽  
Recovery Program ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Economic Recovery Program

Abstrak  Berbagai permasalahan yang terjadi pada UMKM terdampak pandemi cukup dirasakan oleh para pelaku usaha tersebut. Hal ini tentu saja berakibat pada penurunan keuntungan secara signifikan dikarenanakan tingkat produktivitas yang rendah. Langkah terkait pemulihan ekonomi, dalam hal ini pemerintah melalui kementrian keuangan membuat kebijakan luar biasa untuk memitigasi dampak covid-19 dan perlambatan ekonomi dengan membuat Program Pemulihan Ekonomi Nasional (PEN).  Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penulisan ini adalah teknik analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menujukkan Program Pemulihan Ekonomi Nasional (PEN) memiliki dampak positif bagi sektor UMKM pada masa pandemi covid-19 sebagai langkah kebijakan yang diambil oleh pemerintah untuk mendukung pemulihan perekonomian nasional khususnya sektor UMKM yang memiliki kontribusi cukup besar. Rekomendasi kebijkan penguatan UMKM tidak hanya pada masa pandemi tetapi juga pada masa pemulihan dan pasca pandemi sehingga percepatan pemulihan ekonomi nasional dapat mencapai kestabilannya. Kata Kunci: Program PEN, Kebijkan Pandemi, UMKM  Abstract - The various problems that occur in SMEs affected by the pandemic are quite felt by these business actors. This of course results in a significant reduction in profits due to low productivity levels. Steps related to economic recovery, in this case, the government through the ministry of finance, make extraordinary policies to mitigate the impact of covid-19 and the economic slowdown by creating the National Economic Recovery Program (PEN). The research method used in this paper is a qualitative descriptive analysis technique. The results of the study show that the National Economic Recovery Program (PEN) has a positive impact on the MSME sector during the COVID-19 pandemic as a policy step taken by the government to support the recovery of the national economy, especially the MSME sector which has a significant contribution. Recommendations for strengthening MSME policies are not only during the pandemic but also during the recovery and post-pandemic period so that the acceleration of national economic recovery can achieve stability. Keywords: PEN Program, Pandemic Policy, MSME 

scholarly journals Synergy of the Pentahelix Model to Establish Resilient Smes in Facing New Normal during Covid-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 754-761
Author(s):  
Herdiana Dyah Susanti ◽  
Dian Arief Pradana ◽  
Endang Suprihatin
Keyword(s):  
Data Sources ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Tourist Attractions ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Data Validity ◽  
The Government ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

Coronavirus new which caused the outbreak of pneumonia and caused the closure of tourist destinations and caused many SMEs products to be returned by the souvenir center and SMEs production stopped during the Covid-19 pandemic. Banyuwangi Regency has also experienced the closure of tourist destinations starting March 2020 and has an impact on SMEs in Banyuwangi Regency, one of which is Ratu Manis SMEs. After the closure of tourist attractions, 70% of Ratu Manis SMEs products that were entrusted to the souvenir center and tourist attractions were returned. The number of SMEs Ratu Manis production has also decreased. Many exhibition events at every festival held in Banyuwangi Regency have been canceled due to the Covid-19 pandemic. Ratu Manis SMEs is trying to rise from the impact caused by the Covid-19 pandemic through synergy from various parties with the help of the government, academics, media and the community using the pentahelix approach. The research approach used in this research is descriptive research. The data sources used in this study are secondary and primary data sources. The data were collected using data collection techniques, namely observation and interviews with the source triangulation strategy for data validity. With penta helix synergy of industry, government, academia, media and the community sweet queen SMEs can survive to face the pandemic covid-19 and may even improve the quality of the products and sales turnover also increased from 20 kg to 40 kg per day.

Quantifying changes in bicycle volumes using crowdsourced data

2022 ◽  
pp. 239980832110661
Author(s):  
Ali Al-Ramini ◽  
Mohammad A Takallou ◽  
Daniel P Piatkowski ◽  
Fadi Alsaleem
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
The United States ◽  
Crowdsourced Data ◽  
Machine Learning Approach ◽  
Bicycle Infrastructure ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Infrastructure Investments ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Most cities in the United States lack comprehensive or connected bicycle infrastructure; therefore, inexpensive and easy-to-implement solutions for connecting existing bicycle infrastructure are increasingly being employed. Signage is one of the promising solutions. However, the necessary data for evaluating its effect on cycling ridership is lacking. To overcome this challenge, this study tests the potential of using readily-available crowdsourced data in concert with machine-learning methods to provide insight into signage intervention effectiveness. We do this by assessing a natural experiment to identify the potential effects of adding or replacing signage within existing bicycle infrastructure in 2019 in the city of Omaha, Nebraska. Specifically, we first visually compare cycling traffic changes in 2019 to those from the previous two years (2017–2018) using data extracted from the Strava fitness app. Then, we use a new three-step machine-learning approach to quantify the impact of signage while controlling for weather, demographics, and street characteristics. The steps are as follows: Step 1 (modeling and validation) build and train a model from the available 2017 crowdsourced data (i.e., Strava, Census, and weather) that accurately predicts the cycling traffic data for any street within the study area in 2018; Step 2 (prediction) use the model from Step 1 to predict bicycle traffic in 2019 while assuming new signage was not added; Step 3 (impact evaluation) use the difference in prediction from actual traffic in 2019 as evidence of the likely impact of signage. While our work does not demonstrate causality, it does demonstrate an inexpensive method, using readily-available data, to identify changing trends in bicycling over the same time that new infrastructure investments are being added.

scholarly journals Specialization and Performance: Evidence from NCAA 4 × 400 m Relay Times

Economies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Candon Johnson ◽  
Robert Schultz ◽  
Joshua C. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Performance Measure ◽  
Division I ◽  
Division Iii ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Better Than

This paper investigates the impact of having open 400 meter (400 m) runners on NCAA relay teams. Using data from 2012–2016 containing the top 100 4 × 400 m in each NCAA Division relay times for each year, it is found that more 400 m specialists lead to an increase in the overall performance of the team, measured by a decrease in relay times. The effect is examined across Division I–III NCAA track teams. The results are consistent across each division. We view this as a test of the role of specialization on performance. Using runners who specialize in 400 m races should increase overall team performance as long as specialization does not lead to an inefficient allocation of team human capital. An additional performance measure is used examining the difference between projected and actual relay times. Divisions I and II are found to perform better than projected with an increase in 400 m runners, but there is no effect found in Division III.

Smoking in Italy, 1990-1991

1994 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo La Vecchia ◽  
Romano Pagano ◽  
Adriano Decerli ◽  
Monica Ferraroni
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Prevalence ◽  
Geographic Area ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
National Health Survey ◽  
Italian Population ◽  
Opposite Pattern ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Italian Women ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

Smoking prevalence and patterns in Italy were analyzed using data from the 1990-1991 Italian National Health Survey, based on a sample of 27, 135 males and 28,854 females aged 15 years or over, randomly selected within strata of geographic area and size of the place of residence and of the household, in order to be representative of the general Italian population. Overall, 26.9% of the Italians aged 15 years or over described themselves as current smokers (37.2% males, 17.4% females), and 14.0% as ex-smokers (22.2% males, 6.4% females). The difference in smoking prevalence between males and females was 65% below age 45, but increased substantially with increasing age up to 5-fold above age 65. Moderate smokers (< 15 cigarettes per day) were 12.6% of males and 10.4% of females, intermediate smokers (15 to 24 cigarettes per day) 17.7% of males and 5.5% of females, and heavy smokers (> 25 cigarettes per day) 6.3% of males and 1.5% of females. Pipe or cigar smokers were 0.6% of males. The averange number of cigarettes per smoker per day was 16.6 (17.9 for males, 14.0 for females). The overall smoking prevalence of 26.9% was the lowest registered since 1949, thus confirming the long-term steady decline of smoking, particularly among males. Smoking prevalence, however, has remained constant over the last 15 years among females, after substantial rises in previous calendar years. These falls in overall self-reported smoking prevalence were reflected in declines of legal sale figures (-15% between 1986 and 1991), although it is difficult to quantify the impact of smuggling on total tobacco consumption. Thus, at least part of the falls in self-reported tobacco consumption is attributable to increased underreporting. In males, but not in females, smoking was less frequent in northern (and wealthier) areas of the country, and in more educated individuals. The opposite pattern was observed in females, indicating that even more educated Italian women have not yet recognized the accumulated evidence on the health consequences of smoking. These patterns in smoking are reflected by recent trends in lung cancer, which show some decline in males but persistent upward trends in females, although still on much lower absolute values.

scholarly journals A social-belonging intervention improves STEM outcomes for students who speak English as a second language

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (40) ◽  
pp. eabb6543
Author(s):  
Jennifer LaCosse ◽  
Elizabeth A. Canning ◽  
Nicholas A. Bowman ◽  
Mary C. Murphy ◽  
Christine Logel
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Academic Outcomes ◽  
First Year ◽  
Esl Students ◽  
First Semester ◽  
Social Belonging ◽  
Students First ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Postsecondary Science ◽  
The Impact

Students who speak English as a second language (ESL) are underserved and underrepresented in postsecondary science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) fields. To date, most existing research with ESL students in higher education is qualitative. Drawing from this important body of work, we investigate the impact of a social-belonging intervention on anticipated changes in belonging, STEM GPA, and proportion of STEM credits obtained in students’ first semester and first year of college. Using data from more than 12,000 STEM-interested students at 19 universities, results revealed that the intervention increased ESL students’ anticipated sense of belonging and three of the four academic outcomes. Moreover, anticipated changes in belonging mediated the intervention’s effects on these academic outcomes. Robustness checks revealed that ESL effects persisted even when controlling for other identities correlated with ESL status. Overall, results suggest that anticipated belonging is an understudied barrier to creating a multilingual and diverse STEM workforce.

Black money, “white” owners, and “blue” tenants in the Bangladesh housing market

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 501-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.M. Solaiman
Keyword(s):  
Housing Market ◽  
Money Laundering ◽  
Ethical Behaviour ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The People ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The main purpose of this paper is to critically examine the impact of black money whitening opportunity on the Bangladesh housing market and its ramifications for honest taxpayers and criminal conduct of the people in the country. Design/methodology/approach This paper relies on both primary and secondary materials and carries out an archival analysis of the resources available in libraries and online databases. Findings It demonstrates that black money whitening opportunity has failed to create additional demands for housing property, rather it encourages money laundering, corruption and other criminal activities. Hence, a set of specific recommendations have been submitted to effectively deal with the prevention of generation of black money instead of allowing them to be invested in properties with impunity. Research limitations/implications The discussions are concentrated on the legality of offering amnesty to black money holders and the impact of such indemnities on the housing market in Bangladesh; hence, it does not consider impacts on other economic sectors. It is expected that the publication of this paper will stimulate the government of Bangladesh to discontinue the disputed amnesty in Bangladesh, and other nations having similar problems with black money will be encouraged to follow suit. Practical implications It is anticipated that the implementation of the recommendations furnished in this paper will contribute to significantly decreasing money laundering, corruption and other offences involving money in Bangladesh and in other countries. Social implications Prevention of corruption and other financial crimes. Originality/value This paper represents its originality in its critical analysis of frequent offerings of the opportunity for whitening black money and their unfair impacts on honest taxpayers and resultant stimulation for engaging in money laundering, corruption and other felonies. It evidently justifies the assumption that such amnesties to wrongdoers are contrary to the national constitution, anti-corruption and anti-money laundering legislation and they wound the sense of ethical behaviour of human beings. Moreover, it proves the hypothesis that such opportunities being offered to black money holders have no positive contribution towards creating additional demands in the country’s property markets.

scholarly journals Pesona Objek Wisata Sejarah di Kabupaten Sinjai

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-110
Author(s):  
Wahyudi Ishak ◽  
Ahmadin Ahmadin ◽  
Najamuddin Najamuddin
Keyword(s):  
Literature Study ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
The People ◽  
Level Ii ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
The Government ◽  
Tourism Potential ◽  
Study Techniques ◽  
The Impact

This study aims to determine the potential of historical attractions in Sinjai Regency, the development of historical tourism in Sinjai Regency 2008-2016, and the impact of historical tourism on the communities around the site, the government and tourists. The method used in the research and writing of this thesis is a historical research method, which includes: heuristics, source criticism, interpretation and historiography. The techniques used in data collection are observation, interview and literature study techniques. The results of this study indicate that Sinjai as a Level II Region in South Sulawesi has tourism potential that is not inferior to other regions. The Batupake Gojeng Archaeological Park, the Karampuang Indigenous Area, and the Balangnipa Fort are one of the historical tourist destinations offered by Sinjai Regency. Although the Tourism and Culture Office of Sinjai Regency was only established in 2017, activities in the tourism sector will continue to be carried out in previous years. The three historical attractions have their respective developments both in terms of facilities and infrastructure to the number of visitors. The contribution of each element in the development of the historical tourism sector in Sinjai Regency is something that needs to be improved. Based on the results of this study it can be concluded that the historical attractions in Sinjai Regency have an impact on the socio-cultural, educational and economic sectors for the local government and the people who live around the site.

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