scholarly journals Natural History of Radiological Changes on CT Chest from COVID-19 Infection Rehabilitation Patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Peng
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Mediastinal Lymph Node ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Ground Glass ◽  
Disease Group ◽  
Glass Density ◽  
Ct Findings ◽  
Pulmonary Manifestations ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Severe Group

Abstract Object： To investigate the chest CT manifestations of convalescent patients with COVID-19 in recovery phase. Methods: 118 convalescent patients diagnosed as COVID-19 were followed up. According to their medical history, they were divided into 47 cases of severe disease group and 71 cases of mild disease group. Multi-slice spiral CT, high-resolution CT and pulmonary function were examined. Results: 67 rehabilitated cases are normal on CT scan. The other CT findings were: (1) ground glass opacity lesions, including: localized patchy ground glass density lesions; Multi lobes and multi-stage ground glass opacities; Diffuse ground glass opacities lesions in both lungs. (2) The interlobular interstitium and interlobular septum were thickened. (3) Subpleural arc shadow/Subpleural lines. (4) Irregular fiber cord shadow/Irregular lines. (5) Tractive bronchiectasis. (6) Nodular consolidation of air space. (7) Cavitary lesions. No obvious mediastinal lymph node enlargement and pleural effusion were found. Pulmonary imaging and pulmonary function were improved after repeated reexamination. There was significant difference in CT findings and pulmonary function indexes between severe group and mild group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The pulmonary manifestations of some convalescent patients with COVID-19 are basically normal. Ground glass density lesions are the main CT manifestations of convalescent patients, accompanied by varying degrees of pulmonary interstitial hyperplasia. The severe group had more severe pulmonary manifestations and poor pulmonary function than the mild group. With the extension of time, pulmonary lesions and pulmonary function gradually improved.

scholarly journals A Follow-Up Study of Lung Function and Chest Computed Tomography at 6 Months after Discharge in Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Wu ◽  
Lingshan Zhong ◽  
Hongwei Li ◽  
Jing Guo ◽  
Yajie Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Ground Glass ◽  
Pulmonary Dysfunction ◽  
Exertional Dyspnea ◽  
Ct Findings ◽  
Severe Group ◽  
Residual Lesions

We aimed to investigate changes in pulmonary function and computed tomography (CT) findings in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during the recovery period. COVID-19 patients underwent symptom assessment, pulmonary function tests, and high-resolution chest CT 6 months after discharge from the hospital. Of the 54 patients enrolled, 31 and 23 were in the moderate and severe group, respectively. The main symptoms 6 months after discharge were fatigue and exertional dyspnea, experienced by 24.1% and 18.5% of patients, respectively, followed by smell and taste dysfunction (9.3%) and cough (5.6%). One patient dropped out of the pulmonary function tests. Of the remaining 54 patients, 41.5% had pulmonary dysfunction. Specifically, 7.5% presented with restrictive ventilatory dysfunction (forced vital capacity <80% of the predicted value), 18.9% presented with small airway dysfunction, and 32.1% presented with pulmonary diffusion impairment (diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide <80% of the predicted value). Of the 54 patients enrolled, six patients dropped out of the chest CT tests. Eleven of the remaining 48 patients presented with abnormal lung CT findings 6 months after discharge. Patients with residual lung lesions were more common in the severe group (52.6%) than in the moderate group (3.4%); a higher proportion of patients had involvement of both lungs (42.1% vs. 3.4%) in the severe group. The residual lung lesions were mainly ground-glass opacities (20.8%) and linear opacities (14.6%). Semiquantitative visual scoring of the CT findings revealed significantly higher scores in the left, right, and both lungs in the severe group than in the moderate group. COVID-19 patients 6 months after discharge mostly presented with fatigue and exertional dyspnea, and their pulmonary dysfunction was mostly characterized by pulmonary diffusion impairment. As revealed by chest CT, the severe group had a higher prevalence of residual lesions than the moderate group, and the residual lesions mostly manifested as ground-glass opacities and linear opacities.

scholarly journals Pulmonary Function and Chest CT in Patients Recovering From COVID-19 Pneumonia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaying Zhang ◽  
Xinmiao Yang ◽  
Xiuzhi Wu ◽  
Lijuan Gao ◽  
Fankun Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Severe Illness ◽  
Diffusing Capacity ◽  
Ct Findings ◽  
Serial Assessments ◽  
Similar Incidence

Abstract Background: COVID-19 is a new and highly contagious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). However, there is a paucity of data regarding long-term CT findings and pulmonary function in COVID-19 survivors. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of COVID-19 pneumonia on pulmonary function and chest high-resolution computed tomography (CT) in convalescent patients. Methods: A retrospective study of COVID-19 pneumonia patients in the Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, was conducted. Serial assessments, including pulmonary volumes (TLC), spirometry (VC, FVC, FEV1), pulmonary diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO, DLCO/VA), and chest high-resolution CT were collected 3 months after discharge. Results: Forty-six patients completed the serial assessments. There were 38 non-severe and 8 severe cases. Abnormalities were detected in pulmonary function tests in 17 patients (37.8%). One (2.2%), 2 (4.3%), and 17 (37.8%) patients had FEV1/FVC ratio, TLC, and DLCO values less than 80% of predicted values, respectively. Twenty-eight patients (60.9%) had abnormal CT findings. Compared with patients with non-severe disease, those with severe disease had higher chest CT scores but a similar incidence of DLCO impairment. Similarly, patients who received glucocorticoids had higher chest CT scores but a similar incidence of DLCO impairment than those in the nonglucocorticoid group. Conclusions: Three months after discharge from the hospital, impaired diffusing capacity and CT abnormalities were detected in more than one third of COVID-19 patients. Compared with patients with non-severe disease, those with severe illness had a higher incidence of lung imaging abnormalities and similar lung function impairment.

Clinical Value of COVID-19 Chest Radiography and High-Resolution CT Examination

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Wang ◽  
Yalei Shang ◽  
Yuehua Chen ◽  
Jianguo Xia ◽  
Weizhong Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Ground Glass Opacity ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Ground Glass ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
Ct Findings ◽  
Pulmonary Manifestations ◽  
The Common

Background: Novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia remains a matter of concern. Chest CT findings of COVID-19 pneumonia have been reported widely, while there is relatively rare research on chest X-ray (CXR). Objective: The study was aimed to compare the CXR and chest CT findings of patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection and to explore their respective clinical values. Methods: 28 inpatients with COVID-19 pneumonia who underwent both CXR and CT were included. The pulmonary manifestations of the lesions were recorded. Ground-glass opacity (GGO), consolidation, and fibrosis were quantified in CXR and chest CT separately. Consistency was analyzed using Fleiss' kappa and intraclass correlation coefficient. The stages of the disease in CXR and chest CT were evaluated. Results: Approximately 67.9% (19/28) of subjects had abnormal findings on CXR. The common manifestations in CXR were ground-glass opacities (GGO) (100%, 19/19) and consolidation (68.4%, 13/19). 92.9% (26/28) of patients had abnormal manifestations on CT. The common manifestations in CT were GGO (88.5%, 23/26), consolidation (69.2%, 18/26), reticular opacity (69.2%, 18/26) and nodule (46.2%, 12/26). Among the abnormalities between CXR and CT, only consolidation was consistent (κ=0.510). GGO (ICC=0.501) and consolidation (ICC=0.431) scores were consistent in CXR and chest CT. The results of staging were the same in 14 cases, most of them were in stage I and stage II. While in other cases with inconsistent results, CT was more advanced in the disease stage than CXR, mainly stage III and stage IV. Conclusion: CXR is helpful to observe the change of the pulmonary lesions in patients with confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia. CT can be used for early diagnosis and staging of lesions.

scholarly journals Comparison of hematological parameters in mild and severe COVID-19 infected patients: A retrospective observational study

Biomedicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 799-804
Author(s):  
Tania Eltrida Pinto ◽  
Rithesh Joseph D'Cunha ◽  
Shannon Fernandes ◽  
. Nireeksha ◽  
Gurumurthy T.
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
Leukocyte Count ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Disease Group ◽  
Differential Leukocyte Count ◽  
Mild Disease ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
D Dimer

Introduction and Aim: With the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic raging on, there is a need to identify clinical and laboratory predictors which predict progression towards severe and fatal forms of this illness. Our study aims to evaluate the ability of hematologic and biochemical biomarkers to discriminate between patients with and without severe or fatal forms of COVID-19.   Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 200 Covid positive patients;100 with mild disease and 100 with severe disease. Medical records were reviewed to collect demographic data and results of the following blood investigations were noted at admission: Hb, Platelet count, Total and Differential leukocyte count, CRP, AST, ALT, LDH, Ferritin and D-Dimer. Comparative analysis was performed between the 2 groups.   Results: A significant difference in the basophil count (mean 2.35 and 5.92) among those with mild and severe disease respectively was noted as also with the eosinophil count (mean 6.88 and 1.79). The levels of CRP were higher in those with severe disease as compared to the mild disease group (mean 276.29 and 65.23). Ferritin levels were markedly increased severe disease patients (mean 1275.66 and 533.94). D-dimer was markedly increased in COVID-19 patients with severe disease (mean 3813.91 ng/ml) compared to those with mild disease group (mean 521.78 ng/ml).   Conclusion: Hematological and biochemical markers positively correlate to the severity of covid infection, thus highlighting their role in the early diagnosis of the disease and can act as independent markers in predicting severity and prognosis of disease.

Vergleich von MRT- und SPECT-Befunden bei Patienten mit zerebraler Mikroangiopathie

1991 ◽  
Vol 30 (05) ◽  
pp. 161-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Weiller ◽  
R. Weigmann ◽  
H.-J. Kaiser ◽  
U. Büll ◽  
R. Schneider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter Lesions ◽  
Central Nervous System Disease ◽  
Deep White Matter ◽  
Cranial Ct ◽  
System Disease ◽  
Ct Findings ◽  
Hmpao Spect ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cerebral Microangiopathy ◽  
99Mtc Hmpao

Lacunar infarctions and periventricular hypodensity are assumed to be typical CT patterns of cerebral microangiopathy (MA). In 17 patients with such findings and in 6 controls without any signs of central nervous system disease cranial CT, MRT and 99mTc-HMPAO-SPECT were employed. In 7 patients with CT findings of minor MA demonstrated in comparison to controls no significant difference. In 10 cases with CT findings of pronounced MA periventricular rCBF was significantly reduced compared to controls. rCBF of temporal and parietal cortex were not diminished compared to controls. In 14 patients studied with MRT deep white matter lesions were found which appeared solitary, multiple or confluent. Employing 99mTc-HMPAO-SPECT, cerebral MA revealed rCBF reduction in periventricular brain tissue by cerebellar standardization.

scholarly journals Isometric Handgrip Exercise Training Improves Spirometric Parameters and Pulmonary Capacity

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 328-338
Author(s):  
Ogbutor Udoji Godsday ◽  
Nwangwa Eze Kingsley ◽  
Nwogueze Bartholomew Chukwuebuka ◽  
Chukwuemeka Ephraim ◽  
Ezunu Emmanuel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Isometric Exercise ◽  
Handgrip Exercise ◽  
Isometric Handgrip ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Isometric Handgrip Exercise ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Decline in normal physiological pulmonary function has been attributed to premorbid conditions such as prehypertension. Research evidence suggests that physical activity reduces age-related decline in pulmonary function and improves the efficiency of the lungs in prehypertensive patients. However, there is a scarcity of data evidence relating to isometric exercise and pulmonary function. Furthermore, the interrelationship between the intensity and duration of isometric exercise and pulmonary function in these patients is still uncertain. Therefore, this study was undertaken to investigate the effect of isometric handgrip exercise on pulmonary function capacity in adults with prehypertension. To determine the effectiveness of isometric handgrip exercise on pulmonary function capacity in adults with prehypertension. A quasi experiment using a pre- and post-exercise method was carried out in two out-patients hospital settings. The sample comprised 192 sedentary pre-hypertensive subjects, aged between 30–50 years, that were randomly distributed into three groups of 64 participants each. The subjects performed, for 24 consecutive days, an isometric handgrip exercise at 30% Maximum Voluntary Contraction (M.V.C.). At the end of the 24 days, group one (GP1) discontinued, while group two (GP2) continued the exercise protocol for another 24 consecutive days and group three (GP3) continued with the exercise protocol for another 24 consecutive days but at 50% M.V.C. Determinants of lung function (outcomes) were Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 s (FEV1), Forced Vital Capacity (FVC), FEV1/FVC Ratio and Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR). The study shows that there was no statistically significant difference in the pre- and post-exercise outcomes for FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC Ratio and PEFR after 24 days for group 1. In group 2, there was a statistically significant difference in the FVC [(mean = 0.12 ± 0.12), (p = 0.002)], FEV1 [(mean = 0.15 ± 0.17), (p = 0.003)] and PEF [(mean = 0.85 ± 0.35), (p = 0.001)] after 48 days. In group 3, there was a statistically significant difference (p = 0.001) in all the outcomes assessed after 48 days. There was a between groups difference in favour of group 2 compared with group 1 for outcomes of FEV1 [(mean = 0.142 ± 0.68), (p = 0.005)] and PEF [(mean = 0.83 ± 0.19), (p = 0.0031)]. There was statistically significant difference in favour of group 3 compared to group 2, by increasing the exercise intensity from 30% to 50% M.V.C., for outcomes of FVC [mean change = 0.10 ± 0.052), (p = 0.005)], FEV1/FVC [mean change = 3.18 ± 0.75), (p = 0.017)] and PEF [(mean change = 0.86 ± 0.35), (p = 0.001)] after 48 days. Isometric handgrip exercise (after 48 days at 30% to 50% M.V.C.) improves outcomes of pulmonary function capacity in adults with prehypertension. Meanwhile, duration and/or increase in intensity of the isometric effort significantly contributed to the affects attained.

scholarly journals SAT0541 THE SEVERITY OF FMF MAY BE ASSOCIATED WITH CO-MORBIDITIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1227.3-1228
Author(s):  
M. E. Tezcan ◽  
N. Şen ◽  
M. Yilmaz ◽  
Ö. Volkan ◽  
E. Tükel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Familial Mediterranean Fever ◽  
Scoring System ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
Disease Group ◽  
Severity Scoring ◽  
Mild Disease ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Mediterranean Fever

Background:Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is an auto inflammatory disease with recurrent attacks of serositis. Frequent attacks and disease related sequels may be associated with co-morbidities in FMF patients.Objectives:One of the tools for evaluating the FMF severity is the international severity scoring system for FMF (ISSF)1. This score includes disease related sequels, acute phase measurements, attack features and exertional leg pain. Therefore, more severe disease may be link with subclinical inflammation, amyloidosis and frequent, prolonged and widespread attacks. All these components may augment the frequency of non-disease related co-morbidities.Methods:We enrolled 158 FMF patients who fulfilled modifiedTel-HashomerDiagnosisCriteria2. The patients dichotomized based upon disease severity (mild disease or severe disease). Patients with ISSF scores lower or equal to 2 were accepted to have mild disease. Then, we compared frequency of non-disease related co-morbidities between the groups. These co-morbidities arehypertension, hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism cardiovascular diseases, coronary artery diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, chronic renal disease (non-FMF related), chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, and diabetes mellitus. This study was approved by the Local Research Ethics Committee and carried out in compliance with the Helsinki Declaration. All the patients gave written informed consent. P-value lower than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results:Demographic features, disease duration, smoking history and body mass index (BMI) were similar between the groups. Frequency of co-morbidity in severe disease group was statistically higher than mild disease group (p=0.02). Most frequent co-morbidity was hypertension in both groups.Table.Features of mild and severe FMF groupsMild (n=135)Severe (n=23)pGender (M/F)47/8811/120.23Age36.4±11.336.5±14.30.68Smoking (%)38 (28.1)5 (21.7)0.52BMI (kg/m2)24.3±9.224.0±8.90.34Disease duration (year)7.7±11.38.6±14.30.09Amyloidosis (%)2 (1.4)3 (13.0)0.02Exon 10 homozygote (%)35 (25.9)9 (39.1)0.19Colchicine dosage (mg/day)1.2±0.41.4±0.50.02ISSF scores0.7 ±0.73.4±0.5<0.001Co-morbidity (%)25 (18.5)9 (39.1)0.02Conclusion:In our FMF patient cohort, we found that severity of the disease may be associated with higher frequency of co-morbidities. Therefore, clinicians should be aware of the high possibility of co-morbidities in patients with more severe FMF and addressed these co-morbidities timely and properly.References:[1]Demirkaya E, et al. Development and initial validation of international severity scoring system for familial Mediterranean fever (ISSF). Ann Rheum Dis 2016;75:1051-6.[2]Berkun Y, et al. Diagnostic criteria of familial Mediterranean fever. Autoimmun Rev 2014;13:388-90.Acknowledgments:NoneDisclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals Differences in coagulopathy indices in patients with severe versus non-severe COVID-19: a meta-analysis of 35 studies and 6427 patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Polimeni ◽  
Isabella Leo ◽  
Carmen Spaccarotella ◽  
Annalisa Mongiardo ◽  
Sabato Sorrentino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Coagulation Factors ◽  
Primary Analysis ◽  
Severe Group ◽  
Intravascular Coagulopathy ◽  
The Difference ◽  
D Dimer

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a highly contagious disease that appeared in China in December 2019 and spread rapidly around the world. Several patients with severe COVID-19 infection can develop a coagulopathy according to the ISTH criteria for disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (DIC) with fulminant activation of coagulation, resulting in widespread microvascular thrombosis and consumption of coagulation factors. We conducted a meta-analysis in order to explore differences in coagulopathy indices in patients with severe and non-severe COVID-19. An electronic search was performed within PubMed, Google Scholar and Scopus electronic databases between December 2019 (first confirmed Covid-19 case) up to April 6th, 2020. The primary endpoint was the difference of D-dimer values between Non-Severe vs Severe disease and Survivors vs Non-Survivors. Furthermore, results on additional coagulation parameters (platelet count, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time) were also analyzed. The primary analysis showed that mean d-dimer was significantly lower in COVID-19 patients with non-severe disease than in those with severe (SMD − 2.15 [− 2.73 to − 1.56], I2 98%, P < 0.0001). Similarly, we found a lower mean d-dimer in Survivors compared to Non-Survivors (SMD − 2.91 [− 3.87 to − 1.96], I2 98%, P < 0.0001). Additional analysis of platelet count showed higher levels of mean PLT in Non-Severe patients than those observed in the Severe group (SMD 0.77 [0.32 to 1.22], I2 96%, P < 0.001). Of note, a similar result was observed even when Survivors were compared to Non-Survivors (SMD 1.84 [1.16 to 2.53], I2 97%, P < 0.0001). Interestingly, shorter mean PT was found in both Non-Severe (SMD − 1.34 [− 2.06 to − 0.62], I2 98%, P < 0.0002) and Survivors groups (SMD − 1.61 [− 2.69 to − 0.54], I2 98%, P < 0.003) compared to Severe and Non-Survivor patients. In conclusion, the results of the present meta-analysis demonstrate that Severe COVID-19 infection is associated with higher D-dimer values, lower platelet count and prolonged PT. This data suggests a possible role of disseminated intravascular coagulation in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 disease complications.

scholarly journals Serial computed tomography findings of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia treated with favipiravir and steroid therapy: report of 11 cases

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoki Irizato ◽  
Hiroshi Matsuura ◽  
Atsuya Okada ◽  
Ken Ueda ◽  
Hitoshi Yamamura
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Steroid Therapy ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Ground Glass ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Ct Findings ◽  
Mixed Pattern ◽  
Bronchial Dilatation

Abstract Background This study evaluated the time course of computed tomography (CT) findings of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia who required mechanical ventilation and were treated with favipiravir and steroid therapy. Results Eleven patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia were included. CT findings assessed at the three time points showed that all patients had ground-glass opacities (GGO) and consolidation and mixed pattern at intubation. Consolidation and mixed pattern disappeared in most of the patients whereas GGO persisted in all patients at 1-month follow-up. In addition to GGO, a subpleural line and bronchus distortion and bronchial dilatation were frequent findings. The degree of resolution of GGO varied depending on each patient. The GGO score correlated significantly with the time from symptoms onset to initiation of steroid therapy (ρ = 0.707, p = 0.015). Conclusions At 1-month follow-up after discharge, non-GGO lesions were absorbed almost completely, and GGO were a predominant CT manifestation. Starting steroid therapy earlier after onset of symptoms in severe COVID-19 pneumonia may reduce the extent of GGO at 1-month follow-up.

scholarly journals Correlation between CT findings and outcomes in 46 patients with coronavirus disease 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Lei ◽  
Guangming Li ◽  
Xiaofen Ma ◽  
Junzhang Tian ◽  
Yun fan Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ground Glass Opacity ◽  
Ground Glass ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Lung Lobe ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Ct Findings ◽  
Short Term Mortality ◽  
Recovery Group ◽  
Diffuse Distribution ◽  
Death Group

AbstractThe aim of this study was to analyze initial chest computed tomography (CT) findings in COVID-19 pneumonia and identify features associated with poor prognosis. Patients with RT-PCR-confirmed COVID-19 infection were assigned to recovery group if they made a full recovery and to death group if they died within 2 months of hospitalization. Chest CT examinations for ground-glass opacity, crazy-paving pattern, consolidation, and fibrosis were scored by two reviewers. The total CT score comprised the sum of lung involvement (5 lobes, scores 1–5 for each lobe, range; 0, none; 25, maximum). 40 patients who recovered from COVID-19 and six patients who died were enrolled. The initial chest CTs showed 27 (58.7%) patients had ground-glass opacity, 19 (41.3%) had ground glass and consolidation, and 35 (76.1%) patients had crazy-paving pattern. None of the patients who died had fibrosis in contrast to six (15%) patients who recovered from COVID-19. Most patients had subpleural lesions (89.0%) as well as bilateral (87.0%) and lower (93.0%) lung lobe involvement. Diffuse lesions were present in four (67%) patients who succumbed to coronavirus but only one (2.5%) patient who recovered (p < 0.001). In the death group of patients, the total CT score was higher than that of the recovery group (p = 0.005). Patients in the death group had lower lymphocyte count and higher C-reactive protein than those in the recovery group (p = 0.011 and p = 0.041, respectively). A high CT score and diffuse distribution of lung lesions in COVID-19 are indicative of disease severity and short-term mortality.

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