scholarly journals The Association Between Suicide Risk and Affective Temperaments in First-Episode and Neuroleptic-Naïve Major Depressive Disorder

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Yin ◽  
Ting-Ting Wang ◽  
Yan-Yan Wei ◽  
Li-Gang Zhang ◽  
Shuang-Jiang Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
General Population ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Affective Temperaments ◽  
Hamd Score ◽  
Depressive Patients

Abstract Background Suicide risk is associated with depression. Affective temperaments may play a role in this risk. We explored the relationship between affective temperaments and suicide and identified some traits that can predict suicide risk in depression. Methods We analyzed the results of Temperament Evaluation of the Memphis, Pisa, Paris, and San Diego Auto-questionnaire (TEMPS-A) in 284 participants recruited from a psychiatric clinic and the community in Beijing and compared the subscale scores (cyclothymic, dysthymic, anxious, irritable and hyperthymic) among major depressive disorder (MDD) versus the general population as well as depressive patients with versus without suicide risk, using student’s test, Chi-square test, rank sum test, multivariable regression modeling and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Results The incidence of suicidal risk in depressive subjects was 47.62% (80/168). Being unmarried (P<0.001), unemployment (P=0.007) and temperaments of dysthymic, cyclothymic, anxious, and irritable scores (all P<0.05) were significantly more prevalent in depressive patients than in the general population. A young age (P<0.001), female sex (P=0.037), being unmarried (P=0.001), more severe depression (P<0.001), and dysthymic, anxious and cyclothymic temperament (all P<0.05) were significantly more prevalent in depressive disorder patients with suicide risk than in those without suicide risk. The logistic regression analysis showed that younger age (OR=0.937, 95% CI 0.905~0.970), female sex (OR=2.606, 95% CI 1.142~5.948), more severe depression (OR=1.145, 95% CI 1.063~1.234), cyclothymic temperament (OR=1.275, 95% CI 1.102~1.475) and dysthymic temperament (OR=1.265, 95% CI 1.037~1.542) were all independently associated with high suicidal risk in first-episode major depressive patients (P<0.05). By ROC analysis, the area under the compound factor (age, sex, HAMD score without the 3rd item, cyclothymic and dysthymic temperament) was 0.853 (95% CI 0.790~0.903). Conclusion The suicide rate in first-episode neuroleptic-naïve major depressive disorder (MDD) subjects was higher than we thought. Temperament traits differ between the general population and those with major depressive disorder. Major depressive disorder subjects with much more severe depressive symptoms and cyclothymic or dysthymic temperament were at high risk of suicide. Compound factors (age, sex, HAMD score without the 3rd item, cyclothymic and dysthymic temperament score) could be predictors of suicide risk in the clinic.

scholarly journals Repeated use of SSRIs potentially associated with an increase on serum CK and CK-MB in patients with major depressive disorder: a retrospective study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengwei Wu ◽  
Yufang Zhou ◽  
Zhengzheng Xuan ◽  
Linghui Xiong ◽  
Xinyu Ge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Cardiac Injury ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Cardiovascular Risks ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Depressive Patients

AbstractThere is a large amount of evidence that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are related to cardiovascular toxicity, which has aroused concern regarding their safety. However, few studies have evaluated the effects of SSRIs on cardiac injury biomarkers, such as creatine kinase (CK) and creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB). The purpose of our study was to determine whether SSRIs elevated CK and CK-MB levels of prior medicated depressive patients (PMDP) compared to first-episode drug-naïve depressive patients (FDDPs). We performed an observational and retrospective study involving 128 patients with major depressive disorder. Patients who had never used any type of antidepressant were designated FDDP; patients who had used only one type of SSRI but were not treated after a recent relapse were designated PMDP. Serum CK and CK-MB levels were measured before and after using SSRIs for a period of time. The duration of current treatment in the FDDP and PMDP groups was 16.200 ± 16.726 weeks and 15.618 ± 16.902 weeks, respectively. After SSRI treatment, levels of serum CK in the PMDP group were significantly higher than in the FDDP group. Univariate ANCOVA results revealed that PMDP was 22.313 times more likely to elevate CK (OR 22.313, 95% CI 9.605–35.022) and 2.615 times more likely to elevate CK-MB (OR 2.615, 95% CI 1.287–3.943) than FDDP. Multivariate ANCOVA revealed an interaction between the group and sex of CK and CK-MB. Further pairwise analysis of the interaction results showed that in female patients, the mean difference (MD) of CK and CK-MB in PMDP was significantly greater than that in FDDP (MD = 33.410, P = 0.000, 95% CI 15.935–50.886; MD = 4.613, P = 0.000, 95% CI 2.846–6.381). Our findings suggest that patients, especially females, who had previously used SSRI antidepressants were more likely to have elevated CK and CK-MB, indicators of myocardial muscle injury. Use of SSRIs should not be assumed to be completely safe and without any cardiovascular risks.

scholarly journals Abnormalities in Electroencephalographic Microstates Among Adolescents With First Episode Major Depressive Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuqiong He ◽  
Qianting Yu ◽  
Tingyu Yang ◽  
Yaru Zhang ◽  
Kun Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Hamilton Depression Scale ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Hamd Score ◽  
Eeg Changes ◽  
Microstate Analysis

Background: Recent studies have reported changes in the electroencephalograms (EEG) of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). However, little research has explored EEG differences between adolescents with MDD and healthy controls, particularly EEG microstates differences. The aim of the current study was to characterize EEG microstate activity in adolescents with MDD and healthy controls (HCs).Methods: A total of 35 adolescents with MDD and 35 HCs were recruited in this study. The depressive symptoms were assessed by Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) and Children's Depression Inventory (CDI), and the anxiety symptoms were assessed by Chinese version of DSM-5 Level 2-Anxiety-Child scale. A 64-channel EEG was recorded for 5 min (eye closed, resting-state) and analyzed using microstate analysis. Microstate properties were compared between groups and correlated with patients' depression scores.Results: We found increased occurrence and contribution of microstate B in MDD patients compared to HCs, and decreased occurrence and contribution of microstate D in MDD patients compared to HCs. While no significant correlation between depression severity (HAMD score) and the microstate metrics (occurrence and contribution of microstate B and D) differing between MDD adolescents and HCs was found.Conclusions: Adolescents with MDD showed microstate B and microstate D changes. The obtained results may deepen our understanding of dynamic EEG changes among adolescents with MDD and provide some evidence of changes in brain development in adolescents with MDD.

scholarly journals Association between suicide risk severity and sarcopenia in non-elderly Chinese inpatients with major depressive disorder

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinxin Fan ◽  
Jing Yuan ◽  
Yujun Wei ◽  
Fang Zhou ◽  
Li Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Depression Severity ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Elderly Chinese ◽  
Hamilton Rating Scale

Abstract Background: Sarcopenia is a skeletal muscle disorder. Recent studies showed high rates of suicide in non-elderly adults and the association between muscle health and suicide. But there have been no previous studies on the relationship between suicide risk severity and sarcopenia in major depressive disorder (MDD). This study aimed to explore the association between suicide risk severity and sarcopenia in non-elderly Chinese inpatients with MDD. Methods: The first-episode drug-naïve MDD inpatients aged 20-59 years with the 24-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD-24) scores of ＞20 were included, who were then classified into low, intermediate, high and very high suicide risk groups according to the Nurses' Global Assessment of Suicide Risk (NGASR). The HAMD-24, the Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HAMA) and the SARC-F questionnaire were used to assess depression severity, anxiety severity and sarcopenia, respectively. The plasma levels of cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) were measured. Results: A total of 192 MDD inpatients (122 females, 70 males; aged 39.3 ± 11.7 years) were included, with 12.5% of sarcopenia. There were significant differences in gender, HAMD score and prevalence of sarcopenia among the suicide risk groups. Adjusted ordinal regression analysis showed that sarcopenia was significantly associated with severer suicide risk (OR=2.39, 95%CI 1.02-5.58, p=.044). Conclusions: This study revealed that sarcopenia was significantly associated with higher suicide risk in non-elderly Chinese MDD inpatients after adjustment for depression severity. Intervention of sarcopenia might be effective to reduce the risk of suicide in non-elderly MDD patients.

scholarly journals Predictors of Suicidal Ideation and Attempt among Patients with Major Depressive Disorder at a Tertiary Care Hospital, Puducherry

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (01) ◽  
pp. 122-128
Author(s):  
Ralte Lalthankimi ◽  
Padmavathi Nagarajan ◽  
Vikas Menon ◽  
Jeby Jose Olickal
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Suicidal Behaviors ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Severity Of Depression

Abstract Objectives Mental disorders have a large impact on death by suicide. Hence, this study aims to determine the prevalence of suicidal behaviors among major depressive disorder (MDD) patients and the associated factors. Materials and Methods This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among individuals aged 18 to 65 years, diagnosed with MDD in the Psychiatry Outpatient Department of a Tertiary Care Center, Puducherry during March to October 2019. Severity of depression was assessed using Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale was used to find the suicidal behaviors. Results For 166 participants in the study, mean (standard deviation) age was 40 (11) years and majority were females (76%). More than one-third (37%) had severe or very severe depression, and the prevalence of suicidal ideation, plan, and attempts were 83, 24, and 35%, respectively. After adjusting the covariates, the severity of depression and unemployment were significantly associated with suicidal attempts (adjusted prevalence ratios [aPR] = 11.4 and 1.9), and very severe depression was associated with suicidal ideation (aPR = 1.6). Among 140 individuals with suicidal ideation, 45 (32%) had an ideation frequency of 2 to 3 times/week, 69 (50%) had ideation for 1 hour, 36 (26%) could control ideation with little difficulty, and 12% had suicidal ideation mostly to end or stop their pain. Conclusion Suicidal ideation and attempts were significantly high in MDD patients, and the severity of depression was significantly associated with it. Early identification of high-risk suicidal behavior and implementation of effective preventive interventions are necessary to reduce death by suicide in these groups.

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