scholarly journals Contributions of disordered eating behaviours and mindful eating to obesity among young female adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seliz Bagcilar ◽  
Ceren Gezer
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Mindful Eating ◽  
Eating Behaviours ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Eat 26

Abstract Purpose The aim of the current study was to investigate the relationship between disordered eating behaviours, level of mindful eating and obesity amongst young female adults. Methods Two hundred and twenty-seven female young adults aged 19-35 living in Famagusta in North Cyprus participated in this current study. Mindful Eating Questionnaire (MEQ) and Eating Attitudes Test (EAT)-26 were used for data collecting through face-to-face interviews. Weight and body composition were obtained by body composition analyser and height were obtained by stadiometer. The measurements of neck circumference (NC), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC) were measured by using a non-stretching tape according to standard techniques. Body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) were calculated. Results The majority of participants (66.5%) had less than 20 points on the EAT-26. Overall, the participants with BMI below 18.5 kg/m2 had the highest MEQ scores, while the participants with BMI above 30.0 kg/m2 had the lowest MEQ scores (p < 0.05). Similarly, statistical significance was found between the MEQ scores of obese and normal weighted participants (p < 0.05). A significant negative correlation was found between MEQ scores and BMI, fat mass, WHR, WHtR, NC and WC (r=-0.216, p < 0.01; r=-0.234, p < 0.01; r=-172, p < 0.01 and r=-0.244, p < 0.01, r=-0.145, p < 0.05; r=-0.238, p < 0.05, respectively). Conclusion Our findings suggest that there is a negative relationship between the level of mindful eating and BMI. The evidence from this study also suggests a positive relationship between the risk of eating disorders and BMI. Level of Evidence Level V, cross-sectional descriptive study

scholarly journals Prevalence of disordered eating attitudes in young adults

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitrios Vlachakis ◽  
Chrisanthy Vlachakis
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Preventive Intervention ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Eating Behaviours ◽  
Eat 26

Objective. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of disordered eating and the dietary patterns of young adult female students. Method. 226 young female first and second year students were randomly recruited. The EAT-26 questionnaire was used to measure disordered eating, and the State Trait Anxiety Inventory tool (STAI) to assess anxiety levels. Results. The prevalence of disordered eating (DE group) was quite high and matched previous reported percentages for this age population (18%). DE students showed significantly lower energy intake compared to control group (CON) (1471 ± 357 vs. 1690 ± 563, kcals). Conclusion. Young adult female students show increased tendency towards disordered or restricted eating behaviours. Preventive intervention concerning the negative behaviours may be beneficial for all college students more so to those suffering from anxiety.

scholarly journals Prevalence of disordered eating attitudes in young adults

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitrios Vlachakis ◽  
Chrisanthy Vlachakis
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Preventive Intervention ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Eating Behaviours ◽  
Eat 26

Objective. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of disordered eating and the dietary patterns of young adult female students. Method. 226 young female first and second year students were randomly recruited. The EAT-26 questionnaire was used to measure disordered eating, and the State Trait Anxiety Inventory tool (STAI) to assess anxiety levels. Results. The prevalence of disordered eating (DE group) was quite high and matched previous reported percentages for this age population (18%). DE students showed significantly lower energy intake compared to control group (CON) (1471 ± 357 vs. 1690 ± 563, kcals). Conclusion. Young adult female students show increased tendency towards disordered or restricted eating behaviours. Preventive intervention concerning the negative behaviours may be beneficial for all college students more so to those suffering from anxiety.

scholarly journals Somatotype Components as Useful Predictors of Disordered Eating Attitudes in Young Female Ballet Dance Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 2024 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Ramón Alvero-Cruz ◽  
Verónica Parent Mathias ◽  
Jerónimo C. García-Romero
Keyword(s):  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Curve Analysis ◽  
Student Group ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Eat 26 ◽  
Disordered Eating Attitudes

The current study used receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis to examine the accuracy of somatotype components in correctly classifying disordered eating attitudes (DEA) in female dance students. Participants were a sample of 81 female dancers distributed in two groups: beginner training (BT; age (mean ± SD) = 10.09 ± 1.2 years, n = 32) and advanced training (AT; age = 15.37 ± 2.1 years, n = 49). For evaluation of DEA, the Eating Attitudes Test- 26 (EAT-26) questionnaire was used. We defined an EAT-26 score ≥20 as positive for DEA. Somatotype components were calculated using the Heath-Carter anthropometric method. The risk of presenting DEA was 28.1% (n = 9) in the BT group and 6.1% (n = 3) in the AT group. In the BT group, mesomorphy demonstrated moderate–high accuracy in predicting DEA (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.82, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.64–0.93). The optimal cut-off of 6.34 yielded a sensitivity of 0.77 and a specificity of 0.95. Ectomorphy showed moderate accuracy in predicting DEA (AUC = 0.768, 95% CI: 0.58–0.89). The optimal cut-off of 2.41 yielded a sensitivity of 0.78 and a specificity of 0.78. In the AT group, none of the components demonstrated accuracy in predicting DEA. Somatotype components were good predictors of disordered eating attitudes in the younger dance student group (beginner training). Further research is needed to identify the determinants of these differences between the two groups.

scholarly journals The Predictive Role of Raw Bioelectrical Impedance Variables in Disordered Eating Attitudes in Female Ballet Dance Students

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3374
Author(s):  
José Ramón Alvero-Cruz ◽  
Verónica Parent Mathias ◽  
Jerónimo C. García Romero ◽  
Ignacio Rosety ◽  
Miguel A. Rosety ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Phase Angle ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Curve Analysis ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Eat 26 ◽  
Disordered Eating Attitudes

The present study used receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis to investigate the accuracy of body composition and raw bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) in correctly classifying disordered eating attitudes (DEA) in dance students. Participants were 81 female dancers assigned in two groups: beginner training (BT; age (mean ± SD) = 10.09 ± 1.2 years, n = 32) and advanced training (AT; age = 15.37 ± 2.1 years, n = 49). Fat mass (FM) was estimated by Slaughter’s equation and skeletal muscle with Poortman’s equation. Impedance (Z), resistance (R), reactance (Xc) and phase angle (PhA) were obtained through multifrequency BIA at a frequency of 50 kHz. Fat-free mass (FFM) was assessed using Sun’s equation. For evaluation of DEA, the Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT-26) questionnaire was performed. We defined an EAT-26 score ≥ 20 as positive for DEA. Comparisons between groups were performed by a one-way ANOVA test or Kruskall-Wallis test. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients were performed to assess associations between variables. ROC curve analysis was utilized to test the accuracy of body composition and BIA variables in predicting DEA. In the BT group, Xc and PhA demonstrated high accuracy in predicting DEA with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.976 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.85–1.00) and 0.957 (95% CI: 0.82–0.99), respectively, (both p < 0.0001). FFM Sun had an AUC of 0.836 (95% CI: 0.66–0.94) (p < 0.0001) in the BT group and FFM Slaughter was 0.797 (95% CI: 0.66–0.90) (p < 0.001) in the AT group. Reactance and Phase angle were excellent and useful predictors of DEA in the BT group.

scholarly journals Is Mindful Eating Higher in Individuals With Orthorexia Nervosa ?: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Büşra Demirer ◽  
Hülya Yardımcı
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Emotional Eating ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Orthorexia Nervosa ◽  
Mindful Eating ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Eat 26

Abstract Purpose The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between mindful eating and Orthorexia Nervosa (ON) among adults and contribute to establishing ON diagnostic criteria. Methods In the current cross-sectional study, 105 females, 92 males (aged 19–64 years), were enrolled whose scores on the Orthorexia Nervosa Questionnaire-15 (ORTO-15) and the Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT-26) and SCOFF scales indicated a prevalence of ON and eating disorder risk. In addition, Mindful Eating Questionnaire (MEQ) was applied to participants to determine mindful eating. Results In participants with ON, the scores of emotional eating and conscious eating scores, which are MEQ sub-factors, and the total score of MEQ are higher than those who do not have ON (p < 0.05). There was a negative correlation between MEQ and ORTO-15 scores (r = -0.269; p < 0.01). In addition, the one-point increase in the ORTO-15 scores of the participants led to 0.094 decrease in MEQ scores (B = -0.094; SE = 0.021; p < 0.001) and 0.175 decrease in EAT-26 scores (B = -0.175; SE = 0.033; p < 0.001). Conclusions The data obtained from our study show that mindful eating of individuals with ON is higher than those who do not have ON and this is important in determining the diagnostic criteria of ON. Level of evidence: V, Cross-sectional descriptive study.

scholarly journals Disordered Eating in Collegiate Athletes: Prevalence and Relationships Between Sub-Threshold Behaviors and Body Composition (P23-007-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofia Apsey ◽  
John Gieng ◽  
Giselle Pignotti ◽  
Kasuen Mauldin ◽  
Kiley Field
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Student Athletes ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Collegiate Athletes ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Eat 26

Abstract Objectives Disordered eating (DE), although subclinical, increases the risk for clinical eating disorders and is prevalent in collegiate athletes. At the same time, athletes are often more aware of and therefore behave in ways that modify their body composition, as it can influence performance. Despite this understanding, relevant data is lacking and therefore research is needed to establish prevalence rates within specific collegiate sports, and to better understand the relationships between DE behaviors and body composition in student athletes. Therefore, the aims of this study were 1) to determine the prevalence of DE among collegiate athletes and 2) to determine the relationship between prevalence of DE behaviors and body composition. Methods NCAA Division 1 student athletes (n = 56) during the 2018–2019 academic year were recruited from various sports: football (n = 13), men's soccer (n = 2), women's soccer, (n = 13), women's swimming (n = 12), women's basketball (n = 12), track and field (n = 4), and gymnastics (n = 8). DE was assessed using the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) questionnaire, which classified athletes as either asymptomatic (EAT-26 < 20) or symptomatic (EAT-26 > 20). Height and weight were measured and % body fat, fat mass and lean mass were assessed by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Results Athlete ages ranged between 18–22 years, 71% (n = 40) identified as female, and their mean BMI was 25.4 kg/m2. No athletes met criteria to be classified as symptomatic for DE (EAT-26 range: 0 to 15). Female athletes had higher mean EAT-26 scores than males (5.6 ± 3.8 vs 2.9 ± 2.1, P = 0.008). Gymnastics had the highest mean EAT-26 score (7.3 ± 3.9) and football had the lowest (3.4 ± 3.5). Although there were no correlations between EAT-26 and % body fat (P = 0.345) or fat mass (P = 0.984), it was negatively correlated with lean mass (P = 0.038). Conclusions In contrast to current research, no athletes were at risk for disordered eating. Despite this, the fact that asymptomatic EAT-26 scores (which assesses prevalence of DE behavior) were still inversely correlated with lean mass, prompts a need for further research to clarify these interactions in collegiate athletes. Funding Sources N/A.

Differential Item Functioning in Brief Instruments of Disordered Eating

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 823-833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Desiree Thielemann ◽  
Felicitas Richter ◽  
Bernd Strauss ◽  
Elmar Braehler ◽  
Uwe Altmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Item Functioning ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
German Population ◽  
Test Fairness ◽  
Item Functioning ◽  
Multiple Indicator

Abstract. Most instruments for the assessment of disordered eating were developed and validated in young female samples. However, they are often used in heterogeneous general population samples. Therefore, brief instruments of disordered eating should assess the severity of disordered eating equally well between individuals with different gender, age, body mass index (BMI), and socioeconomic status (SES). Differential item functioning (DIF) of two brief instruments of disordered eating (SCOFF, Eating Attitudes Test [EAT-8]) was modeled in a representative sample of the German population ( N = 2,527) using a multigroup item response theory (IRT) and a multiple-indicator multiple-cause (MIMIC) structural equation model (SEM) approach. No DIF by age was found in both questionnaires. Three items of the EAT-8 showed DIF across gender, indicating that females are more likely to agree than males, given the same severity of disordered eating. One item of the EAT-8 revealed slight DIF by BMI. DIF with respect to the SCOFF seemed to be negligible. Both questionnaires are equally fair across people with different age and SES. The DIF by gender that we found with respect to the EAT-8 as screening instrument may be also reflected in the use of different cutoff values for men and women. In general, both brief instruments assessing disordered eating revealed their strengths and limitations concerning test fairness for different groups.

scholarly journals Eating Disorders in Top Elite Beach Handball Players: Cross Sectional Study

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 245
Author(s):  
Alejandro Martínez-Rodríguez ◽  
Manuel Vicente-Martínez ◽  
Javier Sánchez-Sánchez ◽  
Laura Miralles-Amorós ◽  
María Martínez-Olcina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Eat 26

(1) Background: The preoccupation with the increasing appearance of eating disorders (ED) in athletes continues to grow, especially in athletes who practice team sports. ED severely affects the eating habits of the athletes, who tend to use unhealthy approaches to control their body weight. The development of nutritional education and early interventions by training staff is essential, and these factors are widely perceived as beneficial in sports medicine. This study evaluates the frequency at which beach handball (BH) players develop ED, also comparing the differences by sex and age (junior: adolescents vs. senior: young adults). In addition, the relation between body composition variables and ED was studied. (2) Methods: A descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out in 69 top elite handball players (36 males and 33 females) from the Spanish National BH Team; who were separated by age (junior: adolescents and senior: young adults). The athletes completed the Eating Attitudes Test in its 26 item version (EAT-26). (3) Results: The prevalence of ED indicated that 11% of females had a high possibility of developing an ED, and 3% of males. Regarding the EAT-26 total score and subscales, no significant differences were found between female and male participants, or between the junior and senior categories. The correlations showed an association between body composition, in terms of body mass index, and the EAT-26 total score in both males and females. In the case of males, the correlation was negative. (4) Conclusions: Although there are no significant differences between sex or categories, it has been found that elite athletes are a population that is at high risk of developing ED.

Eating Behaviour and Perfectionism in Students: A Prospective Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
M.J. Soares ◽  
B. Maia ◽  
A.T. Pereira ◽  
A. Gomes ◽  
M. Marques ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Eating Behaviours ◽  
Abnormal Eating Attitudes ◽  
Abnormal Eating ◽  
T1 And T2 ◽  
One Year ◽  
A Prospective Study

Aim:To investigate the role of perfectionism in the development of disordered eating behaviours.Method:382 female university students completed the Hewitt & Flett MPS and the EAT-40 at baseline, one year after (T1) and two years later (T2).Results:Perfectionism at baseline was significantly associated with long-term abnormal eating attitudes/behaviours. Self-Oriented Perfectionism (SOP) and Socially Prescribed Perfectionism (SPP) were significant predictors of disordered eating behaviours. SOP at baseline was predictive of diet concerns, at T1 and T2. Baseline SPP was correlated with overall eating disturbance at T1 and T2. Regression analysis revealed that only SPP was a significant predictor of bulimic behaviours and social pressure to eat at T1, but not at T2.Conclusion:Our findings contribute to a more clear understanding of the association between perfectionism and eating disorders. SOP and SPP were prospectively associated with abnormal eating attitudes/behaviours and SOP was found to be predictive of diet concerns.

scholarly journals Orthorexia nervosa and disordered eating attitudes among Lebanese adults: Assessing psychometric proprieties of the ORTO-R in a population-based sample

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0254948
Author(s):  
Souheil Hallit ◽  
Anna Brytek-Matera ◽  
Sahar Obeid
Keyword(s):  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Orthorexia Nervosa ◽  
Arabic Version ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Eat 26 ◽  
Disordered Eating Attitudes

Background Previous research demonstrated a relationship between ON and disordered eating symptoms (eating concern, restraint, cognitive preoccupations about body shape and weight) and disordered eating attitudes (DEA). Since screening for orthorexia nervosa is now part of clinical practice, the measurement instruments to be used must be clinically significant, reliable, valid and sensitive to our target population. The main objective of the present study was to confirm the factor structure of the Arabic version of the ORTO-R using a first sample of Lebanese adults and confirm those results on another sample. The secondary objective was to assess sex differences in terms of ON and DEA, as well as to examine whether symptoms of ON were related to DEA in Lebanese adults. Methods A total of 783 Lebanese adults was selected to participate in this cross-sectional study (January-May 2018) using a proportionate random sample from all Lebanese governorates. Results The mean age of the total sample was 27.78 ± 11.60 years (Min. 18 –Max. 84) (33.5% females) and their mean BMI was 24.36 ± 5.31 kg/m2. All items of the ORTO-R were extracted during the factor analysis and yielded a two-factor solution with Eigenvalues > 1 (variance explained  =  50.07%; KMO = 0.570; Bartlett’s sphericity test p<0.001; αCronbach = 0.755). This factor structure was confirmed by a confirmatory factor analysis; the Maximum Likelihood Chi-Square  =  26.894 and Degrees of Freedom  =  8, which gave a χ2/df  =  3.36. The Tucker Lewis Index (TLI) value was 0.914, whereas the standardized root mean square residual (SRMR) value was 0.032. The root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) value was 0.077 [95% CI 0.046–0.111] (pclose = 0.07) and comparative fit index (CFI) value was 0.967 respectively, indicating a good fit of the model. There was also no measurement invariance between genders. Female gender was significantly associated with lower ORTO-R scores (more orthorexia nervosa) compared to males (B = -0.65; p = 0.026, 95% CI -1.22- -0.08; ɳ2 = 0.006). However, no significant difference was found between genders in terms of EAT-26 scores (B = 0.23; p = 0.813, 95% CI -1.66–2.12; ɳ2 = 0.0001). Higher ORTO-R scores (lower/ less pathological ON tendencies and behaviors) were significantly related to higher EAT-26 total scores (higher levels of DEA) as well as higher dieting, bulimia and oral control scores in both females (from a weak to a moderate positive correlation) and males (a weak positive correlation). Conclusion This cross-sectional population-based study confirmed the factor structure of the Arabic version of the ORTO-R, demonstrated an association between ON and DEA and revealed more ON among females compared to males.

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