scholarly journals Impact of Neonatal Frenotomy on the Breastfeeding Rate at Discharge from the Maternity Ward: A Prospective, Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Maya-Enero ◽  
Luis Ruiz-Guzmán ◽  
Júlia Candel-Pau ◽  
Xavier Duran-Jordà ◽  
María Ángeles López-Vílchez
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Maternity Ward ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Breastfeeding Rate ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Student’S T Test

Abstract Background Ankyloglossia may lead to an early abandonment of breastfeeding. Performing a frenotomy could increase the breastfeeding rate at discharge from the maternity ward. Methods This prospective cohort study included all the neonates born in our center in 2018 (1392). We offered a frenotomy to all tongue-tied patients. We determined how many frenotomies we performed (422), whether breastfeeding improved in the short term, and compared the breastfeeding rates between treated and untreated tongue-tied and non-tongue-tied neonates. Quantitative variables were described using the mean and standard deviation, and compared using a Student’s t-test. Rates of breastfeeding were compared using the Pearson chi square. Significance was set at the p < 0.05 level. Results The breastfeeding rate at discharge was higher among tongue-tied infants (92.1%) than non-tongue-tied (84.2%), and higher among treated than untreated neonates (93.1 vs 75.9%, respectively). Conclusions Frenotomy could help increase the breastfeeding rate at discharge among tongue-tied neonates. Trial registration: Not applicable

scholarly journals Short-term results of a new self-locking cementless femoral stem: a prospective cohort study of the Lima MasterSL

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. E. Dlaska ◽  
I. A. Jovanovic ◽  
A. L. Grant ◽  
G. Graw ◽  
M. P. Wilkinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Total Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Femoral Stem ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background Total hip arthroplasty is a successful treatment for hip osteoarthritis. Primary and secondary implant fixation is dependent on implant design and plays an important role in the longevity of an implant. In this study, we assessed the self-locking cementless MasterSL femoral stem. Materials and methods In this single-centre prospective study, 50 consecutive hips with the indication for total hip arthroplasty, who met the inclusion criteria, received the MasterSL stem from LIMA Corporate. Patients had pre- and post-operative clinical and radiological assessment and completed patient-reported outcome measures [Oxford Hip Score (OHS), Harris Hip Score (HHS) and Forgotten Joint Score (FJS)] at the 6-week and 6-, 12- and 24-month mark. Post-operative X-rays were assessed for osteointegration (Engh Score), alignment and subsidence. Results After 2 years, aseptic survival was 100%. One hip had to be explanted due to early deep infection and was excluded from the study. At 2 years, the patients reported a significant improved HHS and OHS of 95.3 ± 5.8 and 46.1 ± 3.6 (mean ± standard deviation), respectively, compared to preoperatively. The mean ± standard deviation for the FJS was 86.4 ± 18.7 with two-thirds of the patients reporting a score above 85. The mean Engh score is 15.1 ± 5.9 (mean ± standard deviation) with no patient scoring below 1 which suggests good osteointegration in all femoral stems. Conclusions The MasterSL femoral stem performed well in this short-term follow-up study, with high patient satisfaction and good signs of osteointegration. Long-term follow-up will be necessary to evaluate longevity. Level of evidence Level 3, Prospective cohort study. Trial registration The study was registered on the 30.03.2016 with Australia New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12617000550303).

scholarly journals Effect of ondansetron on spinal induced hypotension in caesarean deliveries

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 193-199
Author(s):  
Pujan Balla ◽  
Anil Shrestha ◽  
Ninadini Shrestha ◽  
Navindra Bista ◽  
Moda Nath Marhatta
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Anesthesia ◽  
Elective Caesarean Section ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Induced Hypotension ◽  
Intergroup Comparison ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Student’S T Test

Background: Spinal anesthesia is the preferred technique of anesthesia employed for caesarean sections. However, it is very often complicated by hypotension. Different drugs and techniques have been used to prevent the hypotension induced by spinal anesthesia. In this study, the effect of ondansetron on the prevention of hypotension after spinal anesthesia was evaluated. Objectives: To determine the effect of prophylactic ondansetron on prevention of spinal induced hypotension in elective caesarean section. Methodology: Eighty-six parturients planned for elective caesarean deliveries were randomized into two groups of 43 each. Group O received Ondansetron 4 mg (4 ml) and Group S received Normal Saline (4 ml) intravenously 10 minutes prior to spinal anesthesia. Blood pressure, heart rate, phenylephrine requirements, occurrence of nausea and vomiting and APGAR scores of neonates were compared between the groups. Hemodynamic data was analyzed using Student’s t-test for intergroup comparison and ANOVA was used for intragroup comparison. Categorical data was analyzed using Pearson Chi-Square test. For all determinants, p-value <0.05 was considered significant. Results: Occurrence of hypotension in Group O (20.9 %) was significantly lower than in Group S (72.1%) (p < 0.05). The mean arterial pressure was significantly higher in Group O at 2, 6, 8, 12 and 14 minutes (p < 0.05). The use of phenylephrine (37.21 mcg vs. 146.51 mcg, p < 0.05) and occurrence of nausea (11.6%, vs. 41.9% p < 0.002) was significantly lower in ondansetron group. Conclusion: Ondansetron is effective in preventing spinal induced hypotension in elective caesarean sections.

scholarly journals Fishery regulamentation or ethnoknowledge? The dilemma of the management of the mapará fisheries on the lower Tocantins river in northern Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. e131101118963
Author(s):  
Esther Mirian Cardoso ◽  
Paulo Allison Costa da Mata ◽  
Matheus dos Santos Souza ◽  
Maria Clara Pinheiro de Souza ◽  
Victoria Isaac
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Great Economic Importance ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Northern Brazil ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Tocantins River ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Student’S T Test

The fishery of mapará (Hypophthalmus marginatus) is of great economic importance in the Amazon region. Despite this, it is observed that the current norms of management disagree with the ethnoknowledge of fishermen of the Tocantins river. Therefore, there are many seizures and fines in the Tocantins Low region. This work appeared as a demand of the fishermen of the region and had as purpose to test the pertinence of the fishing legislation on the capture of the species and to provide subsidies for the adaptation of the norms to the local reality. For this, a mapará fishery was taken on the Pindobal Grande river, in the municipality of Igarapé-Miri, in the state of Pará. A sample of the captured individuals was collected, and identification, sexing and biometry were done. Fishing was described, and the sex ratio tested with the Chi-Square test and the mean length differences between the sexes with the Student's t-test. The results were compared with current legislation and literature data. The captured mapará individuals were mostly above 30 cm, as determined by legislation. It is concluded that, despite using a network that is prohibited, the capture of the species in the region acts selectively, due to the ethno-cognition and the fisherman's action ("taleiro"). Therefore, it is necessary that the legislation be revised, seeking the reconciliation between the conservation of ecosystems, the traditional knowledge and the socioeconomic development of the region.

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