scholarly journals Study of response of spruce progenies from different geographical origins in «genotype-environment» system in the European North of Russia

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Е.Н. Наквасина ◽  
Н.А. Прожерина ◽  
Н.А. Демина
Keyword(s):  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Northern Taiga ◽  
East European Plain ◽  
Leningrad Region ◽  
Mixed Forests ◽  
East European ◽  
Siberian Spruce ◽  
European North ◽  
Group I ◽  
Adaptive Variability

Географические культуры позволяют изучать реакцию потомства на условия произрастания в системе «генотип-среда», что является одним из важнейших в селекции происхождений и служит основой для регламентации перебросок се- мян для лесовосстановления. Проведена оценка адаптационной изменчивости 22 потомств ели, представленных елью европейской, сибирской и формами их интрогрессивных гибридов, исходные насаждения которых произрастают на территории Восточно-европейской равнины от северной подзоны тайги до зоны смешанных лесов. Все климатипы выращиваются в географических культурах Ев- ропейского Севера России (Архангельская, Вологодская области и Республика Коми), созданных по единой методике 1977 г. Показатели сохранности и роста (диаметр, высота) выражали в единицах стандартного отклонения и распределяли на 4 группы: группа I – (ниже –0,5); группа II – (–0,5–0); группа III – (0 – +0,5); группа IV – (выше +0,5). Выделены климатипы, отличающиеся лучшими сохранностью, высотой и диаметром. По комплексу трех показателей в группы III и IV – лучшие по адаптационной изменчивости – входят представители двух видов ели и их гибридных форм. Они представлены происхождениями из средней и южной подзон тайги и зоны смешанных лесов. К ним относятся корткеросский и сосногорский климатипы ели сибирской (№ 25, 26) и потомство ели европей- ской из Ленинградской области (тосненский климатип – № 5). На основании комплексной оценки адаптационной изменчивости ели на территории Восточно- европейской равнины выделены две обособленные территории лучших по производственным показателям происхождений, связанных с видами ели, что необходимо учитывать при селекционных работах. Provenance tests allow to study the tree offspring reaction to the growth conditions in the «genotype-environment» system. This is the very important for forest selection and serves as a basis for regulating of seeds transfer for reforestation. The adaptation variability of 22 spruce provenances represented by Norway and Siberian spruce and the forms of their introgressive hybrids was evaluated. Spruce origins grow on the territory of the East European Plain from the subzone of the northern taiga to the zone of mixed forests. All provenances are grown in the provenance tests in the European North of Russia (Arkhangelsk region, Vologda region and Komi Republic) were planted according to a uniform methodology in 1977. The parameters of survival and growth (diameter, height) were expressed in units of standard deviation and divided into 4 groups: group I – (below –0,5); Group II – (–0,5–0); Group III – (0–+0,5); Group IV – (above +0,5). Provenances with the best survival, height and diameter are distinguished. Groups III and IV are the best in adaptive variability by the complex of three studied parameters and include two species of spruce and their hybrid forms. They are represented by origins from the middle and southern subzones of the taiga and the zone of mixed forests. These include the Siberian spruce origins from Kortkeros and Sosnogorsk (No 25, 26) and the Norway spruce origin from the Leningrad region (Tosno provenance No 5). Two isolated areas of the best for production indicators of provenances associated with spruce species on the basis of a comprehensive assessment of the adaptive variability of spruce in the East European Plain were identified. This should be taken into account in the forest breeding operations.

Geographical features of forest vegetation reflected at the level of the lower-rank syntaxa (evidence from the Russian part of the Upper Dnieper basin)

2017 ◽  
pp. 94-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu. A. Semenishchenkov
Keyword(s):  
Forest Vegetation ◽  
East European Plain ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Suggested Approach ◽  
Central European ◽  
Classification Schemes ◽  
East European ◽  
Lower Rank ◽  
Geographical Variations ◽  
European Part Of Russia

Phytogeographical features of forest vegetation at the level of lower-rank syntaxa were being discussed in literature since the early 20th century (Cajander, 1903; Sukachev, 1926; Braun-Blanquet, 1964; Kral et al., 1975; Kleopov, 1990; Bulokhov, 2003; Ellenberg, 2009), however, phytocoenologists still have no uniform interpretation and geographical maintenance of lower classification units. Forest vegetation of the European part of Russia is well studied according to Braun-Blanquet approach with association as a system of geographical subassociations. The paper offers the approaches to the reflection of geographical variations of the natural forest vegetation in the basin of the Upper Dnieper (central part of the East European Plain) at the level of lower-rank syntaxa The xeromesophytic oak woods in the basin of the Upper Dnieper belong to the East European ass. Lathyro nigri–Quercetum roboris Bulokhov et Solomeshch 2003. Floristic differentiation of this association from the similar Central European ass. Potentillo-Quercetum is given. These two associations have large blocks of geographically significant differential species that does not allow to consider them as a part of one association. The suggested approach allows to define the chorological content of units of lower syntaxonomical ranks and make regional classification schemes comparable to each other.

scholarly journals Eastern Europe’s “Transitional Industry”?: Deconstructing the Early Streletskian

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Dinnis ◽  
A. Bessudnov ◽  
N. Reynolds ◽  
T. Devièse ◽  
A. Dudin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Modern Human ◽  
East European Plain ◽  
Upper Palaeolithic ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
East European ◽  
Archaeological Material ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Layer V ◽  
Precise Relationship ◽  
Early Upper

AbstractThe Streletskian is central to understanding the onset of the Upper Palaeolithic on the East European Plain. Early Streletskian assemblages are frequently seen as marking the Neanderthal-anatomically modern human (AMH) anthropological transition, as well as the Middle-to-Upper Palaeolithic archaeological transition. The age of key Streletskian assemblages, however, remains unclear, and there are outstanding questions over how they relate to Middle and Early Upper Palaeolithic facies. The three oldest Streletskian layers—Kostenki 1 Layer V, Kostenki 6 and Kostenki 12 Layer III—were excavated by A. N. Rogachev in the mid-20th century. Here, we re-examine these layers in light of problems noted during Rogachev’s campaigns and later excavations. Layer V in the northern part of Kostenki 1 is the most likely assemblage to be unmixed. A new radiocarbon date of 35,100 ± 500 BP (OxA- X-2717-21) for this assemblage agrees with Rogachev’s stratigraphic interpretation and contradicts later claims of a younger age. More ancient radiocarbon dates for Kostenki 1 Layer V are from areas lacking diagnostic Streletskian points. The Kostenki 6 assemblage’s stratigraphic context is extremely poor, but new radiocarbon dates are consistent with Rogachev’s view that the archaeological material was deposited prior to the CI tephra (i.e. >34.3 ka BP). Multiple lines of evidence indicate that Kostenki 12 Layer III contains material of different ages. Despite some uncertainty over the precise relationship between the dated sample and diagnostic lithic material, Kostenki 1 Layer V (North) therefore currently provides the best age estimate for an early Streletskian context. This age is younger than fully Upper Palaeolithic assemblages elsewhere at Kostenki. Other “Streletskian” assemblages and Streletskian points from younger contexts at Kostenki are briefly reviewed, with possible explanations for their chronostratigraphic distribution considered. We caution that the cultural taxon Streletskian should not be applied to assemblages based simply on the presence of bifacially worked artefacts.

Surface Runoff and Snowmelt Infiltration into the Soil on Plowlands in the Forest-Steppe and Steppe Zones of the East European Plain

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. T. Barabanov ◽  
S. V. Dolgov ◽  
N. I. Koronkevich ◽  
V. I. Panov ◽  
A. I. Petel’ko
Keyword(s):  
Surface Runoff ◽  
East European Plain ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
East European

scholarly journals Selecting of Polymorphic Loci of Genome for Identification of Populations of Pinus sylvestris L. on East-Europe Plain

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
Ya. Prishnivskaya ◽  
E. Nassonova ◽  
Yu. Vasileva ◽  
S. Boronnikova
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Genetic Identification ◽  
East European Plain ◽  
Data Bases ◽  
East Europe ◽  
Polymorphic Loci ◽  
East European ◽  
Molecular Genetic Identification

10 pairs of primers from 8 related Pinus sylvestris L. populations collected on East-European plain to 10 genes and 4 primer’s pairs to 4 loci of uncoding clDNA regions. 2 loci of uncoding clDNA regions (psbA-trnH, trnL-trnF) were selected from tested 14 primer’s pairs. These two loci are most polymorphic and has homologous consistencies in data bases. Therefore, these loci is recommended for molecular–genetic identification of related Pinus sylvestris L. populations on East–European plain.

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