scholarly journals Czech Students’ Perceptions of Ethical Behavior in Business and Entrepreneurship

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-91
Author(s):  
Dennis Barber III ◽  
John H. Batchelo ◽  
Timothy Hatten ◽  
Shanan G. Gibson ◽  
Ladislav Rolínek
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Small Business ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Business Culture ◽  
Ethical Standards ◽  
Ethical Perception ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Perceptions Of Ethical Behavior

The central notion of business culture and communication with stakeholders consists in the ethical standards regarding the behaviour of corporation owners and managers, which, on the one hand, form an essential element of successful business activities and partnerships, and on the other hand, are complicated in terms of measuring and managing the phenomenon. This study uses agency and stakeholder theories to compare the ethical standards in the behaviour of businessmen and managers. These theories influence freedom of decision-making and behaviour in entrepreneurial activity based on the personal ethical considerations and individuals’ interests, regardless of the size of their share in the business. The article analyzes data regarding differences in perceptions of business owners and managers by Czech students; the differences between ethical standards of behaviour of Czech and American entrepreneurs and managers; gender peculiarities of Czech students’ perception of different business representatives. A methodological tool for the study of ethical perception by youth at the University of the Czech Republic was the Bucar and Hisrich model, and the basis to define the statistical significance of testing the hypothesis ̶ even and odd T-tests. The object of the study contains representatives of small and medium-sized businesses in the Czech Republic, as a country that offers an appealing microcosm for research thanks to the recent transition to a market economy with rapid changes in policy and market activity perceptions. 73% of respondents previously worked in a small business, almost 44% had family members who owned or have a small business and 9.5% owned the business. The sample age structure consisted of 53% of women and 47% of men, on average, under 22 years old, 8% of whom were married. The results of the research revealed that there were no significant differences between the Czech students’ ethical perception of managers and businessmen and the lack of influence on the respondents’ previous experience in doing business. A study of gender-based sampling revealed that Czech female students are more likely to evaluate entrepreneurs less ethically than men do. Keywords: Agency Theory, Czech Republic, Entrepreneurs, Ethics, Managers, Stakeholder Theory.

Small business in Russia—factors that slowed its development: an analysis

2003 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Kihlgren
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Small Business ◽  
Interest Groups ◽  
Strong Influence ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Transition Countries ◽  
Economic Recovery ◽  
Natural Question ◽  
The Czech Republic

In Russia the growth of small business has been much slower compared with the leading transition countries (Poland, the Czech Republic and Hungary). In Poland, and to a lesser degree in the Czech Republic and Hungary, this sector has been the engine of the economic recovery. A natural question is why Russia differs. Apart from the fact that in contrast to these countries Russia does not have an entrepreneurial tradition and has experienced communist rule longer what is especially distinctive about Russia has been the strong influence of interest groups during the transition process which favoured the allocation of entrepreneurship to largely unproductive activities.

scholarly journals ECO-INNOVATIONS: DIFFERENCES IN THE TURNOVER OF ENGINEERING AND THE ELECTRICAL INDUSTRY FIRMS

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Bockova ◽  
Tomas Meluzin
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Binomial Test ◽  
Main Question ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Electrical Industry ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Level Of Significance

This paper aims to examine the similarities between innovative companies in the Engineering and the Electrotechnical industry in the Czech Republic. The main question is whether R & D spending in companies with eco-innovation leads to a rise in turnover even in a short period of time. The paper uses the Burea Van Dijk database – Amadeus as a data source. This data source includes 186 large enterprises with information on employee’s numbers, turnover, sector affiliation and R & D expenditure. A binomial test of statistical significance was used for the comparison of the two groups of companies. The authors find that approximately one-third of enterprises record revenue slump. There was no statistically significant difference at the level of significance α = 0,05 between the shares of enterprises with eco-innovations that showed a decrease in turnover.

Options of UHPC in the Czech Republic

2016 ◽  
Vol 722 ◽  
pp. 292-297
Author(s):  
Klára Křížová ◽  
Rudolf Hela
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Fundamental Characteristic ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Experimental Part ◽  
Concrete Production

This contribution describes the possibilities of UHPC concrete production. To begin with, the fundamental characteristic of this concrete, its development and composition are provided. An essential element for achieving the extraordinary properties of UHPC concrete is its composition. The experimental part describes the UHPC design, test examples and the testing of certain compressive strengths and tensile bending strength after 1 and 28 days. Simultaneously, basic UHPC buildings in the Czech Republic are mentioned.

scholarly journals Development of Entrepreneurial Activity in the Czech Republic over the Years 2005–2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dvouletý
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
International Perspective ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Active Population ◽  
Age Cohort

Although there is a rich debate about entrepreneurship and its impact on economic development, much less is known about the actual levels of entrepreneurial activity. The main aim of the article is, thus, to map the level of entrepreneurial activity in the Czech Republic, its structure, and development during the years 2005–2017. The study is based on the secondary data obtained from national structural business statistics, the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor, and the Labour Force Survey. The average rate of entrepreneurial activity in the Czech Republic was 15.2% of the economically active population aged 15–64 years during the analysed period. The activity is dominated by solo-self-employed workers (own-account workers). Job creators represent only 3.2% of the economically active population. Patterns and cohorts of entrepreneurs were identified regarding gender, age, and education. There were 2.5 times more self-employed males compared to females for the past years, and the proportion of job creators is also higher for males. The Czech job creators are on average older (mostly represented in age cohort 40–49 years) compared to solo-self-employed (mainly represented in age cohort 35–44 years) and they have obtained tertiary education to a larger extent. Classification and monitoring of the Czech entrepreneurial activity might serve as an overview for Czech policymakers and regional scholars. Especially from a job creation perspective, it might be very relevant to understand the characteristics of those individuals who employ other workers, aside from themselves. From an international perspective, this study might serve as an inspiration to shed more light on the national levels of entrepreneurship and self-employment.

scholarly journals Circulation and Climate Variability in the Czech Republic between 1961 and 2020: A Comparison of Changes for Two “Normal” Periods

Atmosphere ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Rudolf Brázdil ◽  
Pavel Zahradníček ◽  
Petr Dobrovolný ◽  
Jan Řehoř ◽  
Miroslav Trnka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Sunshine Duration ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Statistical Characteristics ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Circulation Types ◽  
Recent Climate ◽  
Normal Period ◽  
Objective Classification ◽  
Climatic Characteristics

Thirty-year periods are treated in climatology as spans with relatively representative and stable climatic patterns, which can be used for calculating climate normals. Annual and seasonal series of circulation types were used to compare two 30-year sub-periods, 1961–1990 and 1991–2020, the second one being strongly influenced by recent global warming. This analysis was conducted according to the objective classification of circulation types and the climatic characteristics of sunshine duration, temperature, humidity, precipitation, and wind speed as calculated for the territory of the Czech Republic during the 1961–2020 period. For both sub-periods, their statistical characteristics were calculated, and the statistical significance of differences between them was evaluated. There was a statistically significant increase in the annual frequencies of anticyclonic circulation types and a significant decrease in cyclonic circulation types during 1991–2020 compared with 1961–1990. Generally, in both 30-year periods, significant differences in means, variability, characteristics of distribution, density functions, and linear trends appear for all climatic variables analysed except precipitation. This indicates that the recent 30-year “normal” period of 1991–2020, known to be influenced more by recent climate change, is by its climatic characteristics unrepresentative of the stable climatic patterns of previous 30-year periods.

scholarly journals Influence of human factor on the time of work stages of harvesters and crane-equipped forwarders

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 24-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Dvořák ◽  
Z. Malkovský ◽  
J. Macků
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Human Factor ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Time Difference ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Mutual Dependence ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Operational Costs ◽  
Machine Productivity ◽  
Machine Operator

Harvester technologies represent the second most common logging system in the Czech Republic. The high productivity of this technology is very necessary to cover its acquisition and operational costs. A human factor – a machine operator is the most important factor that surely influences the machine productivity. That is why the aim of this study is as follows: to analyze the mutual dependence of machine operator’s education and working experience and harvester and forwarder productivity. The analysis proves that the operator’s education and even more his working experience are very important. The time of harvesting work stages was measured when the harvester was operated by an operator with two-year working experience and by an operator with no experience. The average time difference between the harvester operators was 64.9 seconds in one work stage. The statistical significance of different operation times was confirmed during technically demanding segments in the working stage (the boom out the felling head and tree processing). Operators with the same working experience in forestry mechanization – about 13 years but with different education carried out the haulage work stage. In this case, the statistical significance between calculated differences was not proved. This fact proves that the operator’s working experience is more important than his education.

scholarly journals Production Analysis of Biogas Plant in the Czech Republic

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-158
Author(s):  
Josef Slaboch ◽  
Petra Bubáková ◽  
Jindřich Špička
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Livestock Production ◽  
Biogas Plant ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Section Data ◽  
Production Analysis ◽  
Fixed Assets

The paper deals with an agriculture production analysis of biogas plant in the Czech Republic and evaluates the effect of input-factors and their relevance. Cobb-Douglas functions for crop, livestock and total agriculture production are used. Econometric models are used for structure and magnitude determination of land and labour factors at individual farms, which lead to an increase of production defined in scenarios. Estimations are based on cross-section data. Results indicate statistical significance and the economically highest effect of land and fixed assets on the total agriculture production. The results of first period model show, that there is preferably a need for an increase of fixed assets when enlarging the livestock production. There is an increase of the importance of wages in total and livestock production in 2011 compared to 2010. The crop production is dependent on land are in the most, but the model must be rejected because of parameters intensity and economic justification. Quantification of relationships among variables can be used for planning of the whole production or its components.

scholarly journals Do Human Resources and the Research System Affect Firms’ Innovation Activities? Results from Poland and the Czech Republic

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 2519
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Zygmunt
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Diffusion Processes ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Innovation Performance ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Research System ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Research Organisations

Strong relationships between innovation of firms and sustainable development of regions and countries have priority in issues related to firms’ innovation performance. In this paper, particular emphasis is given to Poland and the Czech Republic as countries with similar innovation performance. Specifically, it seems interesting to identify the extent to which human resources and the research system in these countries matter in firms’ innovation activities. Thus, the aim of the paper is to test whether human resources and the research system affect Polish and Czech firms’ innovation activities. The data were sourced from the European Innovation Scoreboard (2018, 2019) for the period of 2010–2016. A set of variables concerning human resources and the research system were employed. The hypotheses were tested with the Cobb–Douglas function. This paper contributes to the existing literature by adding to studies that seek to identify determinants of firms’ innovation activities. The findings indicate the statistical significance of such a variable related with human resources, as lifelong learning for innovation activities of firms from Poland and such a variable connected with the research system, as the top 10% most cited publications on Czech firms’ innovation activities. The paper has practical and policy implications. There is a need, among others, to strengthen knowledge diffusion processes between firms and universities, research organisations, and institutional environments in order to improve innovation activities of firms.

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