scholarly journals USE OF THERAPEUTIC EXERCISES FOR POST-STROKE CORRECTION OF SWALLOWING

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-137
Author(s):  
Valentina Buivalo ◽  
Olga Yezhova ◽  
Anatoliy Krasnyukov
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Speech Therapy ◽  
Masticatory Muscles ◽  
Neurogenic Dysphagia ◽  
Therapeutic Exercises ◽  
Screening Study ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Complications Of Stroke

Dysphagia (Greek. Dys + phagein ­­– eat, swallow) ­– is a violation of swallowing, in which there is a feeling of discomfort or difficulty in transporting the food bolus from the mouth to the stomach. Because the disorder of the act of swallowing in stroke is usually of neurogenic origin and is defined by a number of neurologic disturbances and dysfunctions, it is better to use the term "neurogenic dysphagia" for patients with acute disturbance of cerebral circulation. The urgency of this problem is especially emphasized in the development of a set of therapeutic exercises for such socially important disease as acute cerebrovascular accident. One of the formidable complications of stroke is a violation of the act of swallowing. This leads to a significant reduction in quality of life increasing the risk of secondary complications, which, in turn, significantly increases the likelihood of death. Violation of the act of swallowing is observed in 26–45% of patients due to acute ischemic stroke. Dysphagia leads to the development of life-threatening complications such as aspiration pneumonia, dehydration, and significantly reduces the quality of life of such patients. Thus, the correction of the act of swallowing by means of physical rehabilitation after brain injury is a very important task of the rehabilitologist. For a long time, speech therapy was the only method of rehabilitation of dysphagia; now we can widely use therapeutic exercises to restore the functions of facial muscles and masticatory muscles. Screening for swallowing disorders allows us to assess the function of the masticatory muscles in five stages, which makes it possible to develop a more individual and thorough set of therapeutic exercises after each stage of the screening study. Depending on the phase of swallowing in which disorders are observed, we have developed an individual set of therapeutic exercises that will be performed by the patient in each of the five stages of the screening study, if the patient could not overcome this stage.

scholarly journals Considerations for Continuing Semielective and Emergency Otolaryngological Procedures During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
Sarina K. Mueller ◽  
Maximilian Traxdorf ◽  
Konstantinos Mantsopoulos ◽  
Antoniu-Oreste Gostian ◽  
Matti Sievert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Emergency Surgery ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Life Threatening

Introduction: During the COVID-19 pandemic, worldwide over 600,000 human beings died due to the cause of the disease. In order to deescalate the transmission rate and to avoid crush loading the countries medical health systems social distancing, face masks, and lockdowns have been considered essential by the majority of governments. Whereas some countries have highly reduced or completely stopped otorhinolaryngological procedures, other countries have continued selected surgeries. The objective of this study was to analyze procedures and outcomes of continuing semielective and emergency surgeries during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Retrospective analysis of n = 750 patients who received semi-elective or emergency surgery between March 26 and June 16, 2020, in the Otolaryngology Department of the Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg. All patients were screened for COVID symptoms and swabbed for SARS-CoV-2 prior to surgery. Results: Of the n = 750 patients, n = 699 patients received semielective surgery and n = 51 emergency surgery. For 27 patients, the swab result could not be awaited due to a life-threatening condition. In these cases, surgery was performed in full protective equipment. No patient was tested positive during or after the surgery (follow-up 45 to 127 days). No member of the medical personnel showed symptoms or was tested positive after contact with patients. Due to the continuation of surgeries, patients’ lives were saved and improvement of long-term quality-of-life and outcomes is anticipated. Conclusions: Continuing selected otorhinolaryngological surgeries is crucial for patients’ health, survival, and long-time quality of life, yet, the protection of the medical personnel has to be granted.

The approach to the rehabilitation of the patients presenting with central dysphagia on an individual basis

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 137-141
Author(s):  
I. V Sidyakina ◽  
Mariya Viktorovna Voronova
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Brain Damage ◽  
Aspiration Pneumonia ◽  
Unique Pattern ◽  
Significant Challenge ◽  
Individualized Approach ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Elongation Phase

Disorder of the swallowing act occurs in 25-50% of patients in the acutephase of stroke. The presence of dysphagia in a patient notonly can develop life-threatening complications, such as aspiration pneumonia, exhaustion and dehydration, but al so significantly reduces the quality of life of patients. Thus, the correction of thes wallowing act disorders after brain damage is a quite significant challenge for neurorehabilitation. For a long time logopedic correction remained the only method of rehabilitation inneurogenic dysphagia, and now different stimulation techniques such as surface and intra pharynx electro stimulation are widely used. Evaluation of swallowing by scintigraphy indicates that each patienth as a unique pattern of disorders of the swallowing act. Depending on which elongation phase of swallowing is essential, we have developed an individualized approach to there habilitation of patients with dysphagia, which improves the efficiency of there habilitation process.

scholarly journals The Incidence of Depression and the Decrease of Quality of Life in Patients with Moderate-Severe Inflammatory Acne

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 143-149
Author(s):  
C.A. Verdeja-Robles ◽  
C.E. Velazquez-De la Rosa ◽  
A. Gutiérrez-Morgas
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Acne Vulgaris ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Severe Acne ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objective: to know the prevalence of depression in patients with moderate-severe acne vulgaris. Hypothesis: the incidence of depression increases in patients with moderate-severe acne vulgaris and will therefore decrease the quality of life. Background: acne is a very frequent dermatosis in the outpatient clinic, it is not considered a life-threatening disease. It has been associated with negative emotional status. Also, suffering from it for a long time has been associated with depression, anxiety and frustration. The complications of acne in the psychosocial aspect are related to academic or vocational performance, self-esteem and adolescents’ quality of life. Materials and Methods: the type of study was retrospective cross-sectional descriptive observational study. The sampling was carried out at the facilities of the Popular Autonomous University of the State of Puebla, taking into account any person within the institutional organisation within the range of 12-20 years of age, with a total of 50 participants. The Hamilton assessment scale of depression and the Cardiff Acne disability index were applied to all patients with dermatological diagnosis of moderate-severe vulgar acne in a period between February-October 2019. Results: a total of 50patients were analysed, of which 28 were women aged 12 to 20 years and 22 men (28 women and 13 men) and severe acne in 9 patients, all over 17 years of age and male. According to the degree of depression, 28% (n = 14) of the patients were obtained without some degree of depression; 60% (n = 30) with minor depression; 12% (n = 6) with moderate depression. Regarding the quality of life: 40% (n = 20) of the patients showed good quality of life, 46% (n = 23) regular quality of life and 14% (n = 7) showed poor quality of life. Conclusion: orderly study of the psychic impact of acne and other skin diseases on people suffering them is recent and is carried out through questionnaires that try to measure the impact the diseases have on the patients’ quality of life.

Resveratrol: A new potential therapeutic agent for melanoma?

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamad Hossein Pourhanifeh ◽  
Kazem Abbaszadeh-Goudarzi ◽  
Mohammad Goodarzi ◽  
Sara G.M. Piccirillo ◽  
Alimohammad Shafiee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Therapeutic Agent ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Treatment Resistance ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Apoptosis Inducer ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
First Time

: Melanoma is the most life-threatening and aggressive class of skin malignancies. The incidence of melanoma has steadily increased. Metastatic melanoma is greatly resistant to standard anti-melanomatreatments such as chemotherapy, and 5-year survival rate of cases with melanoma who have metastatic form of disease is less than 10%. The contributing role of apoptosis, angiogenesis and autophagy in the pathophysiology of melanoma has been previously demonstrated. Thus, it is extremely urgent to search for complementary therapeutic approachesthat couldenhance the quality of life of subjects and reduce treatment resistance and adverse effects. Resveratrol, known as a polyphenol component present in grapes and some plants, has anti-cancer properties due to its function as an apoptosis inducer in tumor cells, and anti-angiogenic agent to prevent metastasis. However, more clinical trials should be conducted to prove resveratrol efficacy. : Herein, for first time, we summarize current knowledge of anti-cancerous activities of resveratrol in melanoma.

scholarly journals More comprehensively measuring quality of life in life-threatening illness: the McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire – Expanded

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Robin Cohen ◽  
Lara B. Russell ◽  
Anne Leis ◽  
Javad Shahidi ◽  
Pat Porterfield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Quality Of Life Questionnaire ◽  
Healthcare Environment ◽  
Life Threatening Illness ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Order Factor

Abstract Background Domains other than those commonly measured (physical, psychological, social, and sometimes existential/spiritual) are important to the quality of life of people with life-threatening illness. The McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire (MQOL) – Revised measures the four common domains. The aim of this study was to create a psychometrically sound instrument, MQOL – Expanded, to comprehensively measure quality of life by adding to MQOL-Revised the domains of cognition, healthcare, environment, (feeling like a) burden, and possibly, finance. Methods Confirmatory factor analyses were conducted on three datasets to ascertain whether seven new items belonged with existing MQOL-Revised domains, whether good model fit was obtained with their addition as five separate domains to MQOL-Revised, and whether a second-order factor representing overall quality of life was present. People with life-threatening illnesses (mainly cancer) or aged > 80 were recruited from 15 healthcare sites in seven Canadian provinces. Settings included: palliative home care and inpatient units; acute care units; oncology outpatient clinics. Results Good model fit was obtained when adding each of the five domains separately to MQOL-Revised and for the nine correlated domains. Fit was acceptable for a second-order factor model. The financial domain was removed because of low importance. The resulting MQOL-Expanded is a 21-item instrument with eight domains (fit of eight correlated domains: Comparative Fit Index = .96; Root Mean Square Error of Approximation = .033). Conclusions MQOL-Expanded builds on MQOL-Revised to more comprehensively measure the quality of life of people with life-threatening illness. Our analyses provide validity evidence for the MQOL-Expanded domain and summary scores; the need for further validation research is discussed. Use of MQOL-Expanded will enable a more holistic understanding of the quality of life of people with a life-threatening illness and the impact of treatments and interventions upon it. It will allow for a better understanding of less commonly assessed but important life domains (cognition, healthcare, environment, feeling like a burden) and their relationship to the more commonly assessed domains (physical, psychological, social, existential/spiritual).

Proton Pump Inhibitors in 2021: Pros, Cons, and Everything in Between

2021 ◽  
pp. 263451612110217
Author(s):  
Joshua A. Sloan ◽  
Philip O. Katz
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Proton Pump Inhibitors ◽  
Proton Pump ◽  
Drug Class ◽  
Life Threatening

The medical and lay literature has exploded with reports of adverse events associated with proton pump inhibitors over the last 10 to 15 years. The dissemination of these reports to patients and clinicians have created substantial concerns regarding what has been an exceptionally valuable drug class, dramatically improving patient quality of life, and in many cases preventing life threatening side effects of other medication. Patients are more frequently seeking to avoid these medications, and practitioners are reducing or discontinuing them to the patient’s detriment due to a misunderstanding of the data. This review will discuss the data regarding the most commonly publicized adverse events and attempt to put them in perspective.

scholarly journals Nutraceutical Screening in a Zebrafish Model of Muscular Dystrophy: Gingerol as a Possible Food Aid

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 998
Author(s):  
Rosario Licitra ◽  
Maria Marchese ◽  
Letizia Brogi ◽  
Baldassare Fronte ◽  
Letizia Pitto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Muscular Dystrophy ◽  
Genomic Medicine ◽  
Neuromuscular Diseases ◽  
Dystrophin Gene ◽  
Neuromuscular Disorder ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽  
Zebrafish Model ◽  
Screening Study

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), caused by mutations in the dystrophin gene, is an inherited neuromuscular disorder that causes loss of muscle mass and motor skills. In the era of genomic medicine, there is still no known cure for DMD. In clinical practice, there is a growing awareness of the possible importance of nutrition in neuromuscular diseases. This is mostly the result of patients’ or caregivers’ empirical reports of how active substances derived from food have led to improved muscle strength and, thus, better quality of life. In this report, we investigate several nutraceutical principles in the sapje strain of zebrafish, a validated model of DMD, in order to identify possible natural products that, if supplemented in the diet, might improve the quality of life of DMD patients. Gingerol, a constituent of fresh ginger, statistically increased the locomotion of mutant larvae and upregulated the expression of heme oxygenase 1, a target gene for therapy aimed at improving dystrophic symptoms. Although three other compounds showed a partial positive effect on locomotor and muscle structure phenotypes, our nutraceutical screening study lent preliminary support to the efficacy and safety only of gingerol. Gingerol could easily be proposed as a dietary supplement in DMD.

scholarly journals Therapy for myeloproliferative neoplasms: when, which agent, and how?

Hematology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 (1) ◽  
pp. 277-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holly L. Geyer ◽  
Ruben A. Mesa
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Myeloproliferative Neoplasms ◽  
Jak Inhibitors ◽  
Symptom Profiles ◽  
Risk Of Progression ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Jak2 Inhibition

Abstract Myeloproliferative neoplasms, including polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythemia, and myelofibrosis (MF) (both primary and secondary), are recognized for their burdensome symptom profiles, life-threatening complications, and risk of progression to acute leukemia. Recent advancements in our ability to diagnose and prognosticate these clonal malignancies have paralleled the development of MPN-targeted therapies that have had a significant impact on disease burden and quality of life. Ruxolitinib has shown success in alleviating the symptomatic burden, reducing splenomegaly and improving quality of life in patients with MF. The role and clinical expectations of JAK2 inhibition continues to expand to a variety of investigational arenas. Clinical trials for patients with MF focus on new JAK inhibitors with potentially less myelosuppression (pacritinib) or even activity for anemia (momelotinib). Further efforts focus on combination trials (including a JAK inhibitor base) or targeting new pathways (ie, telomerase). Similarly, therapy for PV continues to evolve with phase 3 trials investigating optimal frontline therapy (hydroxyurea or IFN) and second-line therapy for hydroxyurea-refractory or intolerant PV with JAK inhibitors. In this chapter, we review the evolving data and role of JAK inhibition (alone or in combination) in the management of patients with MPNs.

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