scholarly journals Artificial Light Enhances Red Pigmentation, but Not Ripening, of Harvested `Anna' Apples

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 547-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yolanta Saks ◽  
Lilian Sonego ◽  
Ruth Ben-Arie
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Continuous Cool ◽  
Fluorescent Light ◽  
Artificial Light ◽  
Color Development ◽  
Commercial Harvest ◽  
Light Color ◽  
Stimulation Of

Mature-green `Anna' apples (Malus domestics Borkh.) reddened after harvest as a result of exposure to continuous cool-white fluorescent light. Color development was most rapid at 20C but most intense at 13C. At 2C, although the induction of red pigmentation was the slowest, a 72-hr exposure rendered color not significantly different from that of red, commercially harvested fruit. The development of color was light-intensity dependent, approaching saturation at 14.5 W·m-2 (at 13 C). No differences in fruit ripening were found between fruit that developed color under artificial light and red fruit from the commercial harvest, in spite of some stimulation of ethylene production during illumination.

EXPERIMENTS WITH ARTIFICIAL LIGHT: NECESSITY FOR PROPERLY IDENTIFYING THE SOURCE

1982 ◽  
Vol 114 (4) ◽  
pp. 377-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard J. R. Philogène
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Mass Rearing ◽  
Fluorescent Light ◽  
Artificial Light ◽  
Ecological Studies ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Artificial Illumination

The use of artificial illumination in entomological studies is extensive. Incandescent and fluorescent lights are used in mass-rearing insects necessary for physiological and ecological studies, and in photoperiod-controlled as well as in electrophysiological experiments.One of the main problems facing investigators in the interpretation of their results or in comparing these to preceding reports is the plethora of ways in which experimental conditions involving light are reported. Here are some examples: “The ants were kept under fluorescent light from 0800 to 2000 hours; light intensity on the ants was about 400 lux” (McCluskey 1965).

Pycnidium production by Botryodiplodia theobromae. I. The relation of light to the induction of pycnidia

1969 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
pp. 1153-1156 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Ekundayo ◽  
R. H. Haskins
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Ultraviolet Radiation ◽  
Exposure Period ◽  
Fluorescent Light ◽  
Botryodiplodia Theobromae ◽  
Continuous Irradiation ◽  
Long Wave ◽  
Light Intensities ◽  
Glass Color ◽  
Color Filters

Cultures of Botryodiplodia theobromae Pat. produced pycnidia abundantly on several media under continuous irradiation with fluorescent light. The fungus did not sporulate when grown in darkness. Irradiation of cultures with a light intensity of 15 foot-candles for 4 days was sufficient to stimulate pycnidial production, but for appreciable sporulation to occur over the same exposure period, higher light intensities are required. Irradiation of cultures through glass color filters showed that long-wave ultraviolet radiation stimulated sporulation.

scholarly journals Tolerance of Cherimoya (Annona cherimola Mill.) to Cold Storage

1994 ◽  
Vol 119 (3) ◽  
pp. 524-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Alique ◽  
José P. Zamorano ◽  
Ma Luisa Calvo ◽  
Carmen Merodio ◽  
José L. De la Plaza
Keyword(s):  
Cold Storage ◽  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Chilling Injury ◽  
Ethylene Synthesis ◽  
Ripe Fruit ◽  
Acid Accumulation ◽  
Ripe Stage ◽  
Lower Temperature ◽  
Stimulation Of

`Fino de Jete' cherimoya fruit were stored at 20, 10, 8, or 6C, 80% relative humidity. Two rises of CO2 production and an ethylene rise following the first peak of respiration were obtained in fruit held at 20C. The ripe stage coincided with the onset of the second respiratory rise. Soluble sugar and organic acid concentration were maximal, and flesh firmness was 18 N in ripe fruit. Lower temperature reduced respiration rate and ethylene production; however, some stimulation of ethylene synthesis was observed at 10C. Cherimoyas ripened to edible condition during 6 days at 10C, but fruit maintained at 8C for up to 12 days required transfer to 20C to ripen properly. Our results suggest that high increases in CO2 are not sufficient to complete cherimoya fruit ripening without the concurrent rise in ethylene production. Citric acid accumulation, inhibition of ethylene synthesis, and reduced accumulation of sucrose were observed during storage at 6C. Removal to 20C after 12 days at 6C resulted in no ripening, almost complete inhibition of ethylene synthesis, and severe skin browning. Thus, 8C is the lowest tolerable temperature for prolonged cold storage of cherimoya `Fino de Jete'. Fruit can be held at 8C for up to 12 days without damage from chilling injury.

scholarly journals Molecular-genetic mechanisms of regulation of dihydroflavonol reductase and transcription factor Hy5 by exogenous 5-aminolevulinic acid in winter rape plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-324
Author(s):  
N. G. Averina ◽  
H. V. Yemelyanava ◽  
T. G. Kaliaha ◽  
S. M. Savina
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Aminolevulinic Acid ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
High Light Intensity ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Winter Rape ◽  
Additional Increase ◽  
Stimulation Of

The effect of exogenous 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) on the activity of dihydroflavonol-4-reductase (DFR), the expression of the dfr gene and the hy5 gene of the transcription factor Hy5 and the light effect of different intensities in combination with the ALA action on the accumulation of anthocyanins in cotyledonous leaves of winter rape (Brassica napus L.) were studied. It was shown that the stimulation of the accumulation of anthocyanins under the exogenous ALA action at the molecular level was provided by increasing the expression level of the dfr and hy5 genes and the activity of the DFR enzyme. Increasing the light intensity from 40.5 to 66.2 μmol photons/m2·s enhanced the ability of plants to accumulate anthocyanins on average by 35 %. The ALA action at concentrations of 50, 100, 150 and 200 mg/L led to an additional increase in the accumulation of anthocyanins at the two used levels of illumination, and in a dose-dependent manner. The stimulating effect of ALA under high light intensity was much higher than in the case of lower illumination. Thus, the stimulation of the anthocyanin accumulation under illumination of 40.5 μmol photons/m2·s was 106 % when using 50 mg/L ALA, 165 % – when using 100 mg/L ALA, 222 % – in the case of 150 mg/L ALA and 350 % – under the action of 200 mg/L ALA compared with light control without of ALA treatment. At an illumination of 66.2 μmol photons/m2·s, these indicators were 164, 262, 359 and 583 % respectively. Thus, it was demonstrated that the stimulation of the accumulation of anthocyanins under the action of ALA in winter rape plants was due to its positive effect on the transcription of the dfr and hy5 genes at the molecular level.

scholarly journals Physiological Parameters of Soybean Under Different Intensities of Artificial Light

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 188
Author(s):  
Lucas Aparecido Manzani Lisboa ◽  
Amanda Stelutti ◽  
Karla Caroline Santana Lima ◽  
Guilherme Bandeca Rafachinho ◽  
Renata Alari Chedid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Co2 Assimilation ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
Artificial Light ◽  
Gas Analyzer ◽  
Infra Red ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
The Ideal

Luminosity and temperature are factors that directly act in photosynthetic process, in which the elevation of the light intensity may provoke reduction in the assimilation of carbon, impairing the development of the soybean culture. This work aimed to know physiological parameters of soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) under different intensities of artificial light. The experiment was carried out in randomized blocks, in a factorial scheme 2 × 5, being two soybean cultivars (Potência and NS6700) and five densities of light: 0 (control), 500, 1000, 1500 and 2000 μmol m-2 s-1 of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) provided by LED bulbs, with 4 repetitions, in total of 40 plots. The following variables were set: rate of CO2 assimilation (A), transpiration (E), stomatal conductance (gs), inner CO2 concentration in the substomatic chamber (Ci) and water use efficiency (WUE) in which a portable device of gas exchange was used (Infra-Red Gas Analyzer-IRGA, marca ADC BioScientific Ltd, modelo LC-Pro). Seedlings of soybean positively responded under different intensities of artificial light till reach the maximum saturation point between 1400 and 1600 µmol m-1 s-1 of light, which promoted a better rate of A, Ci andWUE. E and gs presented positive linear responses by increasing the intensity of artificial light. The ideal light intensity to the use of Infra-Red Gas Analyzer-IRGA between 1400 and 1600 µmol m-1 s-1 to the soybean culture.

scholarly journals Genetic dissection of climacteric fruit ripening in a melon population segregating for ripening behavior

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lara Pereira ◽  
Miguel Santo Domingo ◽  
Valentino Ruggieri ◽  
Jason Argyris ◽  
Michael A. Phillips ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽  
Introgression Line ◽  
Complex Trait ◽  
Chromosome 8 ◽  
Genetic Dissection ◽  
Climacteric Fruit ◽  
A Genome

Abstract Melon is as an alternative model to understand fruit ripening due to the coexistence of climacteric and non-climacteric varieties within the same species, allowing the study of the processes that regulate this complex trait with genetic approaches. We phenotyped a population of recombinant inbred lines (RILs), obtained by crossing a climacteric (Védrantais, cantalupensis type) and a non-climcteric variety (Piel de Sapo T111, inodorus type), for traits related to climacteric maturation and ethylene production. Individuals in the RIL population exhibited various combinations of phenotypes that differed in the amount of ethylene produced, the early onset of ethylene production, and other phenotypes associated with ripening. We characterized a major QTL on chromosome 8, ETHQV8.1, which is sufficient to activate climacteric ripening, and other minor QTLs that may modulate the climacteric response. The ETHQV8.1 allele was validated by using two reciprocal introgression line populations generated by crossing Védrantais and Piel de Sapo and analyzing the ETHQV8.1 region in each of the genetic backgrounds. A Genome-wide association study (GWAS) using 211 accessions of the ssp. melo further identified two regions on chromosome 8 associated with the production of aromas, one of these regions overlapping with the 154.1 kb interval containing ETHQV8.1. The ETHQV8.1 region contains several candidate genes that may be related to fruit ripening. This work sheds light into the regulation mechanisms of a complex trait such as fruit ripening.

scholarly journals Moving in the Dark—Evidence for an Influence of Artificial Light at Night on the Movement Behaviour of European Hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus)

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1306
Author(s):  
Anne Berger ◽  
Briseida Lozano ◽  
Leon M. F. Barthel ◽  
Nadine Schubert
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Species Conservation ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Artificial Light ◽  
Movement Behaviour ◽  
Light At Night ◽  
Very High Frequency ◽  
Erinaceus Europaeus ◽  
The Mean

With urban areas growing worldwide comes an increase in artificial light at night (ALAN), causing a significant impact on wildlife behaviour and its ecological relationships. The effects of ALAN on nocturnal and protected European hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) are unknown but their identification is important for sustainable species conservation and management. In a pilot study, we investigated the influence of ALAN on the natural movement behaviour of 22 hedgehogs (nine females, 13 males) in urban environments. Over the course of four years, we equipped hedgehogs at three different study locations in Berlin with biologgers to record their behaviour for several weeks. We used Global Positioning System (GPS) tags to monitor their spatial behaviour, very high-frequency (VHF) loggers to locate their nests during daytime, and accelerometers to distinguish between active and passive behaviours. We compared the mean light intensity of the locations recorded when the hedgehogs were active with the mean light intensity of simulated locations randomly distributed in the individual’s home range. We were able to show that the ALAN intensity of the hedgehogs’ habitations was significantly lower compared to the simulated values, regardless of the animal’s sex. This ALAN-related avoidance in the movement behaviour can be used for applied hedgehog conservation.

CHANGES IN FLESH FIRMNESS AND ETHYLENE PRODUCTION OF DIFFERENT PEACH TYPES DURING FRUIT RIPENING

2008 ◽  
pp. 153-159
Author(s):  
Ming-Te Lu ◽  
Chia-Wei Song ◽  
Chao-Chia Huang ◽  
Shyi-Kuan Ou
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Flesh Firmness
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document