scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT ON CONTROLLING POSTHARVEST ROTS ON FRUITS

HortScience ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 495e-495
Author(s):  
C. Stevens ◽  
C. L. Wilson ◽  
J. Y. Lu ◽  
V. A. Khan ◽  
E. Chalutz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Light ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
Geotrichum Candidum ◽  
Monilinia Fructicola ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Citrus Fruits ◽  
Green Mold ◽  
Bitter Rot ◽  
Storage Rots ◽  
Uv C

Low doses of ultraviolet light (254nm UV–C) irradiation reduced postharvest rots of pome, stone and citrus fruits. Brown rot (Monilinia fructicola) of `Elberta' and `Loring' peaches was significantly reduced by UV–C. Alternaria rot (Alternaria spp.) and bitter rot (Colletotrichum spp.) the principal storage rots of `Golden Delicious apples showed significant reduction following UV–C treatment. Further application of UV–C was effective in controlling green mold rot (Penicillium digitatum) of `Dancy' Tangerines and `Marsh Seedless' grapefruits, stem end rot (Alternaria citri), as well as sour rot (Geotrichum candidum) of `Dancy' tangerines after irradiation.

scholarly journals APPLICATION OF UV-C AND BIO-CONTROL AGENT STRATEGIES TO CONTROL ROT OF FRUIT AND VEGETABLES

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 437f-437
Author(s):  
C. Stevens ◽  
V.A. Khan ◽  
J.Y. Lu ◽  
C.L. Wilson ◽  
P.L. Pusey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Debaryomyces Hansenii ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
Soft Rot ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Postharvest Disease ◽  
Green Mold ◽  
Storage Rots ◽  
Uv C ◽  
Better Than

Applying low doses of ultraviolet light (254 nm, W-C) reduces the incidence of brown rot of (Monilinia fructicola) peaches, green mold (Penicillium digitatum) of tangerines, and Rhizopus soft rot (Rhizopus stolonifer) of tomatoes and sweetpotatoes resulting from field infection and artificial inoculation. In most studies, applying postharvest fungicide (PF) was better than W-C treatment. In this study, the effectiveness of combining a biocontrol agent, Debaryomyces hansenii (BC), with low UV-C dose for postharvest disease control was investigated. When these commodities were treated with BC 3 days after W-C treatment, the reduction of storage rots was more effective than when UV-C was used alone. For example, the percent brown rot infection of artificially inoculated Elberta peaches 36 hours after inoculation of the nontreated control, peaches treated with UV-C, BC, W-C + BC, and benlate were 100%, 55%, 67%, 12%, and 12%, respectively. The efficacy of W-C + BC was similar to when PF was used alone, indicating that an integration of UV-C treatment and BC can reduce storage rot to the levels of commercial PF treatment.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT-C ON STORAGE ROTS AND RIPENING OF TOMATOES

HortScience ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 275E-275
Author(s):  
J. Liu ◽  
C. Stevens ◽  
V.A. Khan ◽  
J.Y. Lu ◽  
C.L. Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Light ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Soft Rot ◽  
Gray Mold ◽  
Storage Rots ◽  
Black Mold ◽  
Induce Resistance ◽  
Uv C ◽  
Positive Effect

The application of low hormetic low-dose ultraviolet light (WV-C, 254 nm) on fruits and vegetables to stimulate beneficial responses is a new method for controlling storage rots and extending the shelf-life of fruits and vegetables. The present study was aimed at treating tomatoes (lycopersicon esculentum) with different UV-C dosages (1.3 to 40 KJ/m2) to induce resistance to black mold (Alternaria alternata), gray mold (Boytris cinerea), and Rhizopus soft rot (Rhizopus stolonifer). Thesediseases were effectively reduced when tomatoes were artificially inoculated following UV-C irradiation UV-C treated tomatoes were firmer in texture and less red in color than the control tomatoes, indicating a delay in ripening. Slower ripening and resistsace to storage rots of tomatoes are probably related. The positive effect of UVC on tomatoes decreased as treatments were performed at stages of increased ripeness.

scholarly journals RESPONSE OF UV-C LIGHT ON THE CONTROL OF BROWN ROT ON SEVERAL PEACH VARIETIES

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 735a-735
Author(s):  
C. Stevens ◽  
L. P. Pusey ◽  
V.A. Khan ◽  
J.Y. Lu ◽  
C.L. Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Ultraviolet Light ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
Light Irradiation ◽  
Ultraviolet Light Irradiation ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Uv C

Flavorcrest, Camden. C. L. Wilson, Loring, Elberta, Summergold and Harken peach varieties were inoculated and naturally infected with Monilinia fructicolo after ultraviolet light irradiation (W-C 254nm) showed increased resistance to brown rot disease. Although dosages ranged from 0 to 20 KJ/m2. 7.5 KJ/m2 was considered the most effective for the peach varieties tested. Pretreatment of peaches by field spraying or dipping into a benomyl fungicide showed no significant differences between non-treated and UV-C treated peaches. However. a combination of a low dose of benomyl (.15g/L) 3 days following UV-C treatment showed a synergistic effect on brown rot reduction when compared to Peaches treated with UV-C alone and a greater reduction of brow rot than benomyl control.

scholarly journals PLANT HORMESIS INDUCED BY ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT-C FOR INDUCING RESISTANCE OF BROWN ROT OF PEACHES

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 1168h-1169
Author(s):  
C. Stevens ◽  
P. L. Pusey ◽  
V. A. Khan ◽  
J. Y. Lu ◽  
C. L. Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Ultraviolet Light ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Latent Infection ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
Host Responses ◽  
Pal Activity ◽  
Lyase Activity ◽  
Uv C

Low hormetic doses of ultraviolet light (UV-C) stress on exposed peaches (Prunus persica). reduced brown rot resulting from field and artificial inoculation from Monilinia fructicola. To test the hypothesis that UV-C induced resistance through host responses the following tests involving biochemical changes (phenlyalanine ammonia-lyase activity (PAL) and ethylene production (EP)), bioassay of antifungal activity of tissue extracts to the fungus, and latent infection of rot free peaches previously treated with and without UV-C were determined. Exposure of peaches to UV-C dose of 7.5×104 ergs/mm2 promoted an increase in PAL and EP compared to the control. As the PAL activity increased, percent storage rots decreased. Antifungal activity to the fungal conidia in UV-C treated peach extract showed that the percent conidia germination was reduced 3 folds. Preharvest infection of brown rot which indicated latent infection was significantly reduced. To test for the germicidal effect of UV-C on M. fructicola on the surface of peaches, an artificial epiphytic population of the fungus was deposited on the peaches. A negative relationship between UV-C dose of 1.3 to 40×104 ergs /mm2, colony forming units and number of decaying brown rot lesions were found.

scholarly journals Overexpression of a Redox-Regulated Cutinase Gene, MfCUT1, Increases Virulence of the Brown Rot Pathogen Monilinia fructicola on Prunus spp.

2010 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miin-Huey Lee ◽  
Chiu-Min Chiu ◽  
Tatiana Roubtsova ◽  
Chien-Ming Chou ◽  
Richard M. Bostock
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Redox Regulation ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
Gus Expression ◽  
Apple Fruit ◽  
Gus Activity ◽  
Monilinia Fructicola ◽  
Gus Reporter ◽  
Flanking Regions ◽  
Prunus Spp

A 4.5-kb genomic DNA containing a Monilinia fructicola cutinase gene, MfCUT1, and its flanking regions were isolated and characterized. Sequence analysis revealed that the genomic MfCUT1 carries a 63-bp intron and a promoter region with several transcription factor binding sites that may confer redox regulation of MfCUT1 expression. Redox regulation is indicated by the effect of antioxidants, shown previously to inhibit MfCUT1 gene expression in cutin-induced cultures, and in the present study, where H2O2 enhanced MfCUT1 gene expression. A β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene (gusA) was fused to MfCUT1 under the control of the MfCUT1 promoter, and this construct was then used to generate an MfCUT1-GUS strain by Agrobacterium spp.-mediated transformation. The appearance of GUS activity in response to cutin and suppression of GUS activity by glucose in cutinase-inducing medium verified that the MfCUT1-GUS fusion protein was expressed correctly under the control of the MfCUT1 promoter. MfCUT1-GUS expression was detected following inoculation of peach and apple fruit, peach flower petals, and onion epidermis, and during brown rot symptom development on nectarine fruit at a relatively late stage of infection (24 h postinoculation). However, semiquantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction provided sensitive detection of MfCUT1 expression within 5 h of inoculation in both almond and peach petals. MfCUT1-GUS transformants expressed MfCUT1 transcripts at twice the level as the wild type and caused more severe symptoms on Prunus flower petals, consistent with MfCUT1 contributing to the virulence of M. fructicola.

scholarly journals A Case of Unilateral Hyperpigmentation

Dermato ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-30
Author(s):  
Yujin Han ◽  
Se-Hoon Lee ◽  
Minah Cho ◽  
Sang-Hyun Cho ◽  
Jeong-Deuk Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Light ◽  
Contact Area ◽  
Nd:Yag Laser ◽  
Intense Pulsed Light ◽  
Citrus Fruits ◽  
Pulsed Light ◽  
Detailed History ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Phototoxic Reaction ◽  
Plant Compounds

Phytophotodermatitis is a cutaneous phototoxic reaction resulting from contact with plant compounds such as furocoumarin in citrus fruits, followed by exposure to ultraviolet light. Erythema and vesicles appear on the contact area, followed by hyperpigmented lesions. Hyperpigmentation may exist for weeks to months before fading but can remain up to several years. Diagnosis is often challenging due to the variety of clinical presentations, and it is not always easy to identify trigger exposures. A detailed history is key to diagnosis. We herein report a case of lime-induced phytophotodermatitis which was initially mistaken for unilateral lentiginosis. The patient underwent Q-switched Nd:YAG laser and intense pulsed light (IPL) treatment with immediate improvement.

scholarly journals Efeito da irradiação UV-C no controle da podridão parda (Monilinia fructicola) e da podridão mole (Rhizopus stolonifer) em pós-colheita de pêssegos

2007 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 393-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliane Bassetto ◽  
Lilian Amorim ◽  
Eliane A. Benato ◽  
Fabrício P. Gonçalves ◽  
Silvia A. Lourenço
Keyword(s):  
Monilinia Fructicola ◽  
Rhizopus Stolonifer ◽  
Uv C

Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o efeito da irradiação UV-C no controle in vitro de Monilinia fructicola e Rhizopus stolonifer e no controle das doenças causadas por estes fungos em pêssegos inoculados com ferimento. No experimento in vitro, avaliou-se o crescimento micelial dos fungos em meio BDA após a exposição nas doses de UV-C de 0, 0,26, 0,52, 1,04, 3,13, 5,22, 10,44, 15,66, e 31,32 kJ.m-2 num equipamento com quatro lâmpadas com taxa de fluência de 1,74 mW.cm-2. Nos experimentos in vivo, os frutos foram tratados com irradiação UV-C de forma protetora e curativa. No tratamento protetor, os frutos foram expostos a 1,04 kJ.m-2 por 1 min. e foram inoculados imediatamente após e 16, 24 e 40 h após. No tratamento curativo, os frutos foram inoculados, incubados e irradiados com doses de UV-C de 0, 1,04, 5,22, 10,44, 15,66 e 31,32 kJ.m². Avaliou-se a incidência das doenças e a severidade da podridão parda. No experimento in vitro, apenas as doses aplicadas durante 1 e 10 min. de exposição reduziram o crescimento micelial de M. fructicola enquanto que a aplicação da luz UV-C entre 10-15 minutos reduziu o crescimento micelial de R. stolonifer e a dose aplicada durante 30 minutos inibiu completamente o crescimento micelial deste fungo. Não houve efeito protetor da luz UV-C no controle das doenças. Não houve controle curativo da podridão parda. A irradiação UV-C foi eficiente no controle curativo da podridão mole e o tempo de exposição de 10 min. foi o que apresentou melhor resultado.

scholarly journals First Report of Brown Rot Caused by Monilinia fructicola Affecting Peach Orchards in Slovenia

Plant Disease ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 94 (9) ◽  
pp. 1166-1166 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Munda ◽  
M. Viršček Marn
Keyword(s):  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
Fruit Rot ◽  
Morphological Identification ◽  
Monilinia Fructicola ◽  
Conidial Suspension ◽  
Stone Fruits ◽  
The European Union ◽  
First Report ◽  
Representative Isolate

Monilinia fructicola, the causal agent of brown rot, is a destructive fungal pathogen that affects mainly stone fruits (Prunoideae). It causes fruit rot, blossom wilt, twig blight, and canker formation and is common in North and South America, Australia, and New Zealand. M. fructicola is listed as a quarantine pathogen in the European Union and was absent from this region until 2001 when it was detected in France. In August 2009, mature peaches (Prunus persica cv. Royal Glory) with brown rot were found in a 5-year-old orchard in Goriška, western Slovenia. Symptoms included fruit lesions and mummified fruits. Lesions were brown, round, rapidly extending, and covered with abundant gray-to-buff conidial tufts. The pathogen was isolated in pure culture and identified based on morphological and molecular characters. Colonies on potato dextrose agar (PDA) incubated at 25°C in darkness had an average daily growth rate of 7.7 mm. They were initially colorless and later they were light gray with black stromatal plates and dense, hazel sporogenous mycelium. Colony margins were even. Sporulation was abundant and usually developed in distinct concentric zones. Limoniform conidia, produced in branched chains, measured 10.1 to 17.7 μm (mean = 12.1 μm) × 6.2 to 8.6 μm (mean = 7.3 μm) on PDA. Germinating conidia produced single germ tubes whose mean length ranged from 251 to 415 μm. Microconidia were abundant, globose, and 3 μm in diameter. Morphological characters resembled those described for M. fructicola (1). Morphological identification was confirmed by amplifying genomic DNA of isolates with M. fructicola species-specific primers (2–4). Sequence of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region (spanning ITS1 and ITS 2 plus 5.8 rDNA) of a representative isolate was generated using primers ITS1 and ITS4 and deposited in GenBank (Accession No. GU967379). BLAST analysis of the 516-bp PCR product revealed 100% identity with several sequences deposited for M. fructicola in NCBI GenBank. Pathogenicity was tested by inoculating five mature surface-sterilized peaches with 10 μl of a conidial suspension (104 conidia ml–1) obtained from one representative isolate. Sterile distilled water was used as a control. Peaches were wounded prior to inoculation. After 5 days of incubation at room temperature and 100% relative humidity, typical brown rot symptoms developed around the inoculation point, while controls showed no symptoms. M. fructicola was reisolated from lesion margins. Peach and nectarine orchards in a 5-km radius from the outbreak site were surveyed in September 2009 and M. fructicola was confirmed on mummified fruits from seven orchards. The pathogen was not detected in orchards from other regions of the country, where only the two endemic species M. laxa and M. fructigena were present. To our knowledge, this is the first report of M. fructicola associated with brown rot of stone fruits in Slovenia. References: (1) L. R. Batra. Page 106 in: World Species of Monilinia (Fungi): Their Ecology, Biosystematics and Control. J. Cramer, Berlin, 1991. (2) M.-J. Côté et al. Plant Dis. 88:1219, 2004. (3) K. J. D. Hughes et al. EPPO Bull. 30:507, 2000. (4) R. Ioos and P. Frey. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 106:373, 2000.

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