scholarly journals EFFECTS OF AMENDING SOIL WITH PROCESSED MUNICIPAL WASTE ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF TOMATO

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 614f-614
Author(s):  
H. H. Bryan ◽  
B. Schaffer ◽  
M. Ozores
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Municipal Waste ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Irrigation Rate ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Limestone Soil ◽  
Fertilizer Rates

The effects of amending soil with processed municipal waste (PMW), and the interaction of PMW with trenching, irrigation rates, and fertilizer rates on growth, and yield of tomato plants were tested. In a series of experiments, two rates of each of the following PMWs were incorporated into calcareous limestone soil: 1) Agrisoil (processed trash), 2) Daorganite (processed sewage sludge), 3) Eweson compost (processed trash and sludge), and 4) no PMW (control). In some experiments, secondary applications of PMW were applied to the beds at either a high rate, a low rate or not applied (control). There was no effect of secondary PMW applications on growth or yield. Generally, plants grown on trenched plots had greater growth and yield than plants on non-trenched plots. Plants grown in Daorganite had greater growth and yield than plants grown in the other PMWs. Plants in Daorganite tended to have higher photosynthelic and transpiration rates than plants in the other treatments. For all treatments, plants grown at one-half the standard fertilizer rate had less growth than plants receiving higher fertilizer rates. There was no interaction between irrigation rate and PMW for photosynthesis, growth, or yield. Plants grown in Daorganite had the greatest growth and tended to have greater yields, regardless of the fertilizer or irrigation rate. Processed trash composts (Agrisoil and Eweson) did not increase growth and yield, which may have been due to suboptimal application rates of these materials. Further studies are underway incorporating higher rates of these materials into the soil.

scholarly journals Influence of Bio Fertilizer on Growth and Yield Parameters of Tomato Plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 75
Keyword(s):  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
The Other ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Powder Form ◽  
Nutritional Properties ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Yield Parameters ◽  
Agriculture Industry ◽  
Fruit Powder

Tomato is a major food that has many benefits to human health. The risk of getting disorders such as heart disease, cancer, and diabetes can be reduced by consuming tomato. The aim of this study is to measure the nutritional properties of tomato plants using various cultivation methods. On the other hand, this is also comparing which type of fertilizer, either chemical fertilizer or natural fertilizer, is producing better results in planting tomato. Phosphorus solubilizing bacteria (PSB) is isolated from the rhizosphere soil using the Pikovskaya medium and Modified Aleksandrow medium. Instead of chemical fertilizer, the efficiency of phosphate solubilize will be evaluated in the presence of eggshells and bones. This study starts with the collection of rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil for tomato planting. The land of cultivation for planting well estimated for the growth of tomato. For further investigation, the leaves and fruits obtained from the tomato plants will be dried and ground into powder form. The leaf is used for the estimation of chlorophyll. In contrast, the fruit powder is used for the analysis of antioxidant activity. The result showed that the growth and yield parameters of the plant increases with natural fertilizer compare to chemical fertilizer. This can be concluded that natural fertilizers are more preferable in the agriculture industry as they are environmentally friendly, which does not produce side effects in either the soils or the crops.

scholarly journals Growth and yield of pomato under the Syrian coastal mountains conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 382-388
Author(s):  
Alaa Suhiel Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Set ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Shape Index ◽  
The Other ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Significant Superiority

Abstract. The world has always been striving to increase and intensify agricultural production, and there are several attempts to acheive that, such as grafting tomato on potato to obtain two crops from one plant. This investigation was conducted during 2020 in open field in Nahl village, Baniyas, Tartous Governorate, Syria. The vegetative and generative growth and yield have been studied for pomato (grafted tomato on potato) and compared to each tomato and potato separately. Tomato plants were significantly superior in plant height to pomato plants after 23 days of planting until the end of the experiment. On the other hand, there were significant differences between tomato plants and pomato plants in the leaf area after 23, 51 and 65 days of planting. Also, tomato plants significantly outperformed pomato plants in the number of flowers and fruits per plant and the tomato fruit set percent. Anyway, tomato plants were significantly superior in the average yield of tomato fruits per plant (1657 g.plant-1) to pomato plants (185 g.plant-1), while there were insignificant differences in the average yield of potato tubers per plant between pomato which failed to produce tubers and potato (48.25 g.plant-1). Studying the tomato fruit fresh weight showed a significant superiority of tomato plants (54.37 g.fruit-1) to pomato plants (35.97 g.fruit-1), while there were insignificant differences in the other physical (tomato fruit height, diameter and shape index) and chemical (tomato fruit content of total acids, total soluble solids and dry matter, %) properties.

scholarly journals Effects of Different Rates of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilizers on Growth and Yield of Potato (Solanum tuberosum) under Mechanized and Traditional Cultivation

2021 ◽  
pp. 16-26
Author(s):  
Sayed Ziauddin Hashami ◽  
Torabaz Poyesh
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yields ◽  
Potato Yield ◽  
The Other ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Trial Site ◽  
Local Farmer ◽  
Yield Difference ◽  
Fertilizer Rates

In the present study, half of the land was cultivated mechanically by tractor using a two-bladed mould board plough and nine tine harrow. The other half was cultivated by a local farmer who used a bullock and wooden plough. A single seed variety (Marabel) was sown across the entire trial site. Four separate identical fertilizer treatments were used across both the mechanized and traditionally cultivated sites. Phosphorous was applied in the form of diammonium phosphate. Nitrogen was applied in the form of Urea. FAO’s recommended rates for phosphorus (220kg/ha) and nitrogen (330kg/ha) were applied. In addition, additional rates below and above the FAO’s recommendations were also applied, with phosphorous being applied at 0 kg/ha, 110 kg/ha (50% of recommendation) and 440 kg/ha (200% of recommendation). Nitrogen was applied at 0 kg/ha, 165 kg/ha (50% of recommendation) and 660 kg/ha (200% of recommendation). Results on average revealed that across all four fertilizer rates, mechanized cultivation produced 60% higher crop yields (average 32.83mt/ha) compared with traditional cultivation (average 20.5 mt/ha) which resulted in an average of 12.33mt/ha higher yield for mechanized cultivation over traditional cultivation. This yield difference was highly statistically significant (P =0.99(. Additionally, the average gross margin per hectare was 74% higher across the mechanized plots (US$6,552/ha or 373,464AFN/ha) compared with the traditional plots (US$3,772/ha or 215,004 AFN/ha). These figures confirm that use of mechanized cultivation and the application of phosphorus at 440 kg/ha and nitrogen at 660 kg/ha will increase the potato yield and produce a higher cash value and a higher gross margin per hectare.

Influence of Inorganic Fertilizer (NPK 15:15:15) and Cacao (Theobroma cacao L) Leaf Litter Application Rates on Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) Performance in the Tropics

2020 ◽  
pp. 14-32
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Fertilizer Rates ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L

Influence of inorganic fertilizer (NPK 15:15:15) and cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) leaf litter application rates on cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) performance in the tropics was studied for 24 months (January, 2017 – December, 2018) at Cocoa Research Institute of Nigeria (CRIN) Ibeku Sub-Station, Umuahia, Nigeria. Three 3 x 3 factorial experiments, each in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replicates/blocks were used to study the responses of cowpea to three NPK 15:15:15 fertilizer rates 0 kg, 500 kg and 1000 kg ha-1 represented by (Factor F) F0, F1 and F2, respectively, and cocoa leaf litter rates 0 t, 10 t and 20 t ha-1 which were also represented by Lo, L1 and L2 (Factor L), respectively. The results obtained from the study show that the application of either 10 or 20 t ha-1 cocoa leaf litter alone or complementary application of either 10 or 20 t ha-1 cocoa leaf litter plus 500 or 1000 kg ha-1 NPK 15:15:15 fertilizer significantly increased the various cowpea growth and yield components than the fertilizer rates alone. The treatment without fertilizer and leaf litter, i.e. topsoil only (F0L0) gave significantly the least cowpea growth and yield components. The highest values were obtained with the application of 1000 kg ha-1 NPK 15:15:15 fertilizer with 20 t ha-1 cocoa leaf litter (F2L2). The cowpea crop performance in terms of growth, yield and yield components over the study periods, 2017 and 2018 were statistically similar. Therefore, the inclusion of leaf litter has greater potential for improving cowpea yield than when fertilizer was used alone. Leaves are potential sources of valuable nutrients providing a high quality of organic matter, which should be returned to the soil.

scholarly journals Effect of Irrigation and Fertilization on `Tifblue' Rabbiteye Blueberry

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 844F-844
Author(s):  
J.M. Spiers ◽  
J.H. Braswell
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
The Other ◽  
Trickle Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation Rate ◽  
Complete Fertilizer ◽  
Fertilizer Rates ◽  
Lower Plant

The effects of varying rates of a complete fertilizer and trickle irrigation on the growth an fruit yield of `Tifblue' rabbiteye blueberries were determined in a 6-year field study. For the first 3 years, plants fertilized with the lowest rate (150 g/plant per year) had lower plant volume and fruit yield than plants receiving the higher rates (300, 600, and 1200). For the remainder of the study, fertilizer rates did not influence plant growth or fruit yields. The influence of irrigation rates (3 to 27 liters/plant per week) on growth and yields was less evident during the 1st and 2nd years, but became more pronounced in the 3rd and 4th years of the study. In general, plants receiving the lowest irrigation rate grew and yielded less than plants irrigated at the other rates. By the 6th year, however, there were no significant differences in fruit yield due to irrigation rates or fertilizer levels.

Egyptian Broomrape (Orobanche aegyptiaca) Control in Tomato with Sulfonylurea Herbicides—Greenhouse Studies

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 490-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanan Eizenberg ◽  
Yaakov Goldwasser ◽  
Shmuel Golan ◽  
Dina Plakhine ◽  
Joseph Hershenhorn
Keyword(s):  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Sulfonylurea Herbicides ◽  
Severe Damage ◽  
Control Efficacy ◽  
Complete Control ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Mediterranean Countries

Broomrapes (Orobanche spp.) are root holoparasitic plants that cause severe damage to economically important crops, especially in Mediterranean countries. Egyptian broomrape is the most troublesome weed on tomatoes grown for processing in Israel. In the present study, we tested the efficacy and selectivity of four sulfonylurea herbicides in controlling Egyptian broomrape on tomatoes grown in pots under greenhouse conditions. MON 37500, rimsulfuron, HOE 404 and SL-160 were applied postemergence (POST) and preplant incorporated (PPI) followed by POST applications. MON 37500 and rimsulfuron were more selective to tomato and controlled the parasite more effectively than HOE 404 and SL-160. MON 37500 and rimsulfuron at 50 and 100 g ai/ha and at 100, 150, and 200 g ai/ha, respectively, applied on tomato foliage 14, 28, and 42 d after planting (DAP) and followed by sprinkler irrigation to field capacity, resulted in complete control of the parasite. However, a significant reduction in control efficacy was observed when the experiment was repeated with charcoal-topped pots, suggesting that the herbicides act mainly through the soil. Except for rimsulfuron, the PPI followed by two POST treatments was more phytotoxic to tomato plants than the POST treatments. The PPI plus POST applications controlled Egyptian broomrape effectively, but tomato plants were injured by HOE 404 at all PPI application rates and by MON 37500 at the high rate at 150 g/ha. The present study determined that three POST applications or a PPI application followed by two POST applications of MON 37500 at 50 or 100 g/ha, or rimsulfuron at 100, 150, or 200 g/ha were effective and selective in controlling Egyptian broomrape on tomato, under greenhouse conditions.

scholarly journals Nutrient Concentrations, Growth, and Yield of Tomato and Squash in Municipal Solid-waste-amended Soil

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 785-788 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ozores-Hampton ◽  
H.H. Bryan ◽  
B. Schaffer ◽  
E.A. Hanlon
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Mineral Element ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Canopy Volume

The effects of municipal solid waste (MSW) materials on growth, yield, and mineral element concentrations in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) (1991 and 1992) and squash (Cucurbita maxima Duch. Ex Lam.) (1992 and 1993) were evaluated. Agrisoil compost (composted trash), Eweson compost (co-composted trash and sewage sludge), or Daorganite sludge (chemically and heat-treated sewage sludge) were incorporated into calcareous limestone soil of southern Florida. The control had no MSW material added to the soil. The effect of MSW on crop growth, yield, and mineral element concentrations varied considerably between years for tomato and squash. In 1991, tomato plants grown in soil amended with Eweson or Daorganite had a greater canopy volume than plants in the control treatment. Tomato plants grown in Daorganite had greater total fruit weight (1991) than plants in Agrisoil and more marketable fruit (1992) than control plants. In both years, tomato plants in Agrisoil had higher root Zn concentrations than plants in the other treatments. In 1992, tomato plants in Eweson had lower root Mn concentrations than plants in the other treatments, whereas Mg concentrations in the roots were higher in the Daorganite treatment than in Eweson. Tomato plants in Agrisoil had higher Pb concentrations in the roots than plants in all other treatments. In 1991, leaves of tomato plants in Agrisoil had lower Ca concentrations than leaves of plants in the control treatment. In 1992, leaf Zn concentrations were greater for tomato and squash in Agrisoil than in the control or Daorganite. In 1992, canopy volume and yield of squash were greater for plants in Daorganite than for plants in the control and other MSW treatments. Although canopy volume and total squash fruit weight did not differ among treatments in 1993, plant height was greater for squash plants in the MSW treatments than for those in the control. In 1993, leaf Mg concentrations were greater for squash grown in Daorganite than for plants in the control or Agrisoil. In 1993, fruit Cd concentration was higher for plants with Eweson than for plants in the control or Agrisoil. However, the fruit Cd concentration in squash grown in Eweson compost (1.0 mg/kg dry weight) was far below a hazardous level for human consumption. Our results indicate that amending calcareous soils with MSW materials can increase growth and yield of tomato and squash with negligible increases in heavy metal concentrations in fruit.

Influence of Inorganic Fertilizer (NPK 15:15:15) and Cacao (Theobroma cacao L) Leaf Litter Application Rates on Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) Performance in the Tropics

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-32
Author(s):  
Onwuchekwa Ojimgba
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Fertilizer Rates ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L

Influence of inorganic fertilizer (NPK 15:15:15) and cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) leaf litter application rates on cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) performance in the tropics was studied for 24 months (January, 2017 – December, 2018) at Cocoa Research Institute of  Nigeria (CRIN) Ibeku Sub-Station, Umuahia, Nigeria. Three 3 x 3 factorial experiments, each in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replicates/blocks were used to study the responses of cowpea to three NPK  15:15:15 fertilizer rates 0 kg, 500 kg and 1000 kg ha-1 represented by (Factor F) F0, F1 and F2, respectively, and cocoa leaf litter rates 0 t, 10 t and 20 t  ha-1   which were also  represented by Lo, L1 and L2  (Factor L), respectively. The results obtained from the study show that the application of either 10 or 20 t ha-1 cocoa leaf litter alone or complementary application of either  10 or 20 t ha-1 cocoa leaf litter plus 500 or 1000 kg ha-1 NPK 15:15:15 fertilizer  significantly increased the various cowpea growth and yield components than the fertilizer rates alone. The treatment without fertilizer and leaf litter, i.e. topsoil only (F0L0) gave significantly the least cowpea growth and yield components. The highest values were obtained with the application of 1000 kg ha-1 NPK 15:15:15 fertilizer with 20 t ha-1 cocoa leaf litter (F2L2). The cowpea crop performance in terms of growth, yield and yield components over the study periods, 2017 and 2018 were statistically similar. Therefore, the inclusion of leaf litter has greater potential for improving cowpea yield than when fertilizer was used alone.  Leaves are potential sources of valuable nutrients providing a high quality of organic matter, which should be returned to the soil.  

The effects of delayed planting and soil consolidation on potato yields

1966 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Beveridge
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture Content ◽  
Delay Period ◽  
The Other ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Potato Seed ◽  
Soil Consolidation ◽  
Seed Tubers ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Potato Yields ◽  
One Year

1. Two series of experiments designed to investigate the effects of delaying planting potato seed tubers after drawing ridges in preparation for planting and of consolidation of soil beneath seed tubers on the growth and yield of potatoes are described and the results discussed.2. Delayed planting reduced the yield of saleable ware-size (> I¾ in.) tubers in one year by as much as 1.7 + 0.59 tons/acre, but had little effect in the other years, and it is argued that the effect was dependent on the tilth obtained in preparation for planting, the soil moisture content at the time the ridges were drawn, the amount of moisture lost during the delay period, and the rainfall after planting.

scholarly journals Nitrogen and Potassium Fertilizers Increase Cherry Tomato Height and Yield

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
G. Ddamulira ◽  
R. Idd ◽  
S. Namazzi ◽  
F. Kalali ◽  
J. Mundingotto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Cherry Tomato ◽  
Potassium Fertilizer ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
K Fertilizer ◽  
Maturity Period ◽  
Fertilizer Rates

Less or no fertilizer use compromises growth and yield of cherry tomato (Solanum lycopersicum var. Cerasiforme) in Uganda. A study was conducted to determine the effect of nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) fertilizer rates on cherry tomato growth and yield. The experiment was conducted in a field during 2016B and 2017A seasons at Namulonge. The treatments included; (100, 60, 100) and (200, 60, 200) kg ha-1 of N, P, K and the control with no fertilizer application, these were laid out in a split plot design with three replications. Results revealed that tomato plants significantly (P < 0.05) responded to nitrogen and potassium fertilizer application by increasing their height and yield. The highest tomato height and yield were obtained from plots applied with 100, 60, 100 kg ha-1 of N, P and K. This rate was considered as the optimal application rate because plants applied with fertilizer above this rate were observed to have low height and yield. On the other hand, plants applied with nitrogen and potassium fertilizers below 100, 60, 100 kg ha-1, flowered and matured earlier than those in the control plots. The study showed that N and K fertilizer influenced plant height, flowering, maturity period and yield of cherry tomato. Based on these findings, use of 100, 60, 100 kg ha-1 of N, P and K is recommended for improving cherry tomato production in central Uganda, where the study was conducted, and any fertilizer rate above 100, 60, 100 kg ha-1 in the same area may be un-economical to use in cherry tomato growing.

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