scholarly journals MATRIC AND OSMOTIC PRIMING OF PURPLE CONEFLOWER

HortScience ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 256F-256
Author(s):  
Cynthia Crossan ◽  
Wallace Pill
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Echinacea Purpurea ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Solid Matrix ◽  
Greenhouse Trial ◽  
Purple Coneflower ◽  
Expanded Vermiculite ◽  
Emergence Rate

Seeds of purple coneflower (Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench were osmotically primed (OSP) in polyethylene glycol (PEG) or matrically primed in expanded vermiculite No. 5 (solid matrix priming, SMP). With both OSP or SHP at 15C, 10-day exposure to -0.4 MPa resulted in lowered time to 50% germination (T,) and higher germination percentage than shorter exposure (5-day) or lower water potential (-1.5 MPa). SMP- and OSP-seeds performed similarly in a greenhouse trial, resulting in 80% and 34% seedling emergence at 23C and 37C, respectively, compared to 58% and 27% for non-primed seeds. Seedling emergence rate and synchrony from primed seeds were greater than from non-primed seeds at both temperatures. An incubator study established that adding 10-4M GA3 and 10 mN ethephon (2-chloroethylphosphonic acid) to the PEG or vermiculite resulted in lower T50 and higher germination percentage than priming without these growth regulators. A further incubator study established that less-expensive trade products (Pro-Gibb Pius 2X) and Florel could substitute for the reagent-grade growth regulators. Seeds primed in PEG or vermiculite containing 10-4M GA3 from Pro-Gibb Plus 2X and 10 mM ethephon from Floral had lower T50 and higher percentage emergence in a greenhouse trial than seeds primed without growth regulators. Compared to the non-primed seeds, these treated seeds had 29% greater seedling emergence and 61% less time to 50% emergence.

scholarly journals GIBBERELLIC ACID DURING PRIMING OF PURPLE CONEFLOWER [ECHINACEA PURPUREA (L) MOENCH.] SEEDS IMPROVES GERMINATION AND SEEDLING EMERGENCE

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 186c-186
Author(s):  
Janine O. Haynes ◽  
Wallace G. Pill
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Echinacea Purpurea ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Greenhouse Study ◽  
Purple Coneflower ◽  
Percentage Points

Purple coneflower seeds following priming (-0.04 MPa, 10 days, 15C, darkness) osmotically in polyethylene glycol 8000 (PEG) or matrically in expanded no. 5 vermiculite had greater germination rate and synchrony at continuous 20C or 30C than untreated seeds, but germination percentage was unaffected. Inclusion of 5.5 × 10-2 M gibberellic acid (GA3 as ProGibb Plus 2X, Abbott Laboratories, N. Chicago, Ill.) further improved germination rate and synchrony at 20C, but not at 30C. In a greenhouse study (30C day/27C night, July-August natural light), seeds primed in PEG or vermiculite containing G A3 compared to untreated seeds had 6 percentage points higher maximum emergence (ME), 3.3 fewer days to 50% ME, 1.9 fewer days between 10% and 90% ME, 116% greater shoot dry weight, and 125% longer leaves at 16 days after planting in peat-lite. Inclusion of ethephon (0.01 m, as Florel) either alone or with GA3 during priming provided no benefit to seed germination or seedling emergence. Moistened vermiculite substituted for PEG solution as a priming medium for purple coneflower seeds, the priming benefit on seedling emergence and growth being enhanced by 5.5 × 10-2m G A3 inclusion in the priming media.

scholarly journals Osmotic Priming or Chilling Stratification Improves Seed Germination of Purple Coneflower

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (12) ◽  
pp. 1445-1448 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Wartidiningsih ◽  
R.L. Geneve ◽  
S.T. Kester
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Osmotic Potential ◽  
Echinacea Purpurea ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol 4000 ◽  
Purple Coneflower ◽  
High Germination

High germination seed lots of purple coneflower [Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench] were evaluated for laboratory germination following osmotic priming or chilling stratification. Compared to nontreated seeds, osmotic priming at 25C in salts (KNO3 + K3PO4; 1:1, w/w) or polyethylene glycol 4000 (PEG) increased early (3-day) germination percentage at 27C of all seed lots, and improved total (10-day) germination percentage of low-germination seed lots. Total germination percentage was unaffected or increased by priming for 4 days compared to 8 days, and by priming at –1.0 MPa compared to –0.5 MPa (except for one low-germination seed lot). Chilling stratification in water at 5 or 10C increased early and total germination of all seed lots, except for that same lot, compared to nontreated seeds. Total germination percentage was unaffected or increased by stratification at 10C rather than at 5C. Neither extending stratification ≥20 days nor lowering osmotic potential with PEG during stratification improved total germination percentage.

scholarly journals Germination and Emergence of Parsley in Response to Osmotic or Matric Seed Priming and Treatment with Gibberellin

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 907-909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wallace G. Pill ◽  
Elizabeth A. Kilian
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Petroselinum Crispum ◽  
Hypocotyl Length ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Emergence Percentage

`Moss Curled' seeds of parsley (Petroselinum crispum L.) were primed osmotically in polyethylene glycol or matrically in fine, exfoliated vermiculite at –0.5 MPa for 4 or 7 days at 20 or 30 °C with 0 or 1 mm GA3. All priming treatments stimulated and hastened germination. Matric priming resulted in greater germination (89%) than osmotic priming (83%) when seeds were primed for 7 days at 30 °C, but priming agent had no effect on germination percentage following priming at 20 °C or for 4 days. In seeds primed for 4 days at 20 or 30 °C, matric priming hastened germination more than did osmotic priming. Germination was generally less synchronous with matric than with osmotic priming. Increasing priming time from 4 to 7 days increased the rate of germination, but increased germination synchrony only when seeds were primed at 20 °C. Inclusion of 1 mm GA3 during priming had little or no effect on germination. All matric priming treatments (other than 4-day priming) were repeated to assess seedling emergence in a greenhouse (25°C day/22 °C night). Priming increased the percentage, rate and synchrony of emergence, and increased hypocotyl length at 3 weeks after planting. Priming at 30 °C with 1 mm GA3 resulted in the greatest emergence percentage, hypocotyl length, and shoot dry weight. We conclude that matric priming is a satisfactory alternative to osmotic priming of parsley seeds. Chemical name used: gibberellic acid (GA3).

scholarly journals GERMINATION OF VERBENA SEED IN RESPONSE TO PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1156c-1156
Author(s):  
Gamil A. Kabbabe ◽  
William J. Carpenter
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Traditional Method ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Dry Storage ◽  
Gradual Loss ◽  
Acetone Treatment ◽  
Percent Germination ◽  
Peg 8000

Verbena seed when harvested, has a natural dormancy that gradually dissipates during a 5 to 8 month period of dry storage. In this study, the gradual loss of the dormancy causing factor was correlated with germination percentage. Acetone treatment of verbena seeds was found to cause a slight, but non-significant, reduction in total germination. However, the infusion of gibberellic acid (GA4/7) and kinetin (KIN) with the acetone at various concentrations improved germination. The traditional method of seed osmoconditioning using Polyethylene Glycol (PEG 8000) at -1.0 MPa caused a non-significant reduction in percent germination, similar to that with acetone. When growth regulators were mixed with the osmoconditioning solution, at the concentrations used with acetone, a definite and significant improvement in terms of rate and percent of germination was observed.

scholarly journals Seed Source and Quality Influence Germination in Purple Coneflower [Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench.]

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (12) ◽  
pp. 1443-1444 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Wartidiningsih ◽  
R.L. Geneve
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Echinacea Purpurea ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Physiological Maturity ◽  
Seed Sources ◽  
Purple Coneflower ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Two Temperature ◽  
Effect Of Light

Six seed lots of purple coneflower were purchased from four commercial seed sources and evaluated for germination in either light or darkness in combination with two temperature regimes (constant 27C vs. alternating 30C for 8 hours and 20C for 16 hours). Seed lot differences accounted for the majority of variation, with two seed lots exhibiting high (81% to 91%) germination and the remaining seed lots having 39% to 66% germination. There was no effect of light on germination, regardless of the seed lot. However, alternating temperatures improved germination in one of the low-germination seed lots. Seed size and inflorescence position did not affect seed germination. Seed harvested at physiological maturity (maximum seed dry weight), but before drying had occurred, had a higher germination percentage than seeds harvested after desiccation, and they maintained a higher germination percentage even after 1 year in storage.

scholarly journals Priming Improves Germination and Emergence of Combine-harvested Amaranths cruentus L. Seeds

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 655-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wallace G. Pill ◽  
Thomas A. Evans ◽  
Palaniappa Krishnan
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Grain Amaranth ◽  
Greenhouse Test ◽  
Emergence Rate ◽  
Normal Seedling ◽  
Radicle Emergence ◽  
Test Priming

Hand-harvested and threshed grain amaranth seeds stored for 6.5 years and combine-harvested and threshed seeds (cylinder speed 26.4 m·s-1) stored for 9.5 years were subjected to several osmotic priming treatment. The selected priming treatment (–1.25 MPa polyethylene glycol at 15C for 10 days) increased percent radicle emergence of hand-harvested seeds and mechanically damaged, combine-harvested seeds and resulted in germination rates that were at least as high as those achieved with other priming treatments. In an incubator test, priming increased percent radicle emergence of hand-harvested seeds only at 15C; however, it increased percent radicle emergence of combine-harvested seeds at 15 and 35C. Priming also increased radicle emergence rate, but this response was more pronounced and exerted over a wider temperature range for the older, lower-vigor, combine-harvested seeds than for the younger, higher-vigor, hand-harvested seeds. In a greenhouse test, hand-harvested seeds had a higher percentage of normal seedlings and a lower percentage of abnormal seedlings than combine-harvested seeds. Priming had no effect on these variables. As a result of priming, normal seedling emergence rate and shoot fresh weight were higher from combine-harvested seeds than from hand-harvested seeds, such that values of these variables for primed, combine-harvested seeds were at least equal to those for nonprimed, hand-harvested seeds. Thus, the invigorating effect of priming was more pronounced for the lower-vigor, mechanically damaged, combine-harvested seeds than for the higher-vigor, hand-harvested seeds.

scholarly journals Stratification Improves Seed Germination of Five Native Wildflower Species

HortScience ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. 899-901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlma B. Bratcher ◽  
John M. Dole ◽  
Janet C. Cole
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Echinacea Purpurea ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Triphenyl Tetrazolium Chloride ◽  
Tetrazolium Chloride ◽  
Purple Coneflower ◽  
Viable Seeds ◽  
Seeds Germination

The germination responses of wild blue indigo [Baptisia australis (L.) R. Br.], purple coneflower [Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench.], Maximilian sunflower (Helianthus maximiliani Schrad.), spike goldenrod (Solidago petiolaris Ait.), and Missouri ironweed (Vernonia missurica Raf.) seeds after 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, or 10 weeks of stratification at 5C were investigated. Seed viability was determined using triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining and germination based on the percentage of viable seeds. Germination percentage (GP) increased in all five species as weeks of stratification increased. Days to first germination and germination range (days from first to last germinating seed) decreased with increasing weeks of stratification, but the effect beyond 4 to 6 weeks was minimal. The number of weeks of stratification for maximum GP was 4 for purple coneflower, 6 for Maximilian sunflower, 8 for Missouri ironweed, and 10 for wild blue indigo and spike goldenrod.

scholarly journals Germination and Emergence of Parsley in Response to Osmotic or Matric Seed Priming and Treatment with Gibberellin

2001 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 152
Author(s):  
Wallace G. Pill ◽  
Elizabeth A. Kilian
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Petroselinum Crispum ◽  
Hypocotyl Length ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Emergence Percentage

`Moss Curled' seeds of parsley (Petroselinum crispum L.) were primed osmotically in polyethylene glycol or matrically in fine, exfoliated vermiculite at -0.5 MPa for 4 or 7 days at 20 or 30 °C with 0 or 1 mm GA3. All priming treatments stimulated and hastened germination. Matric priming resulted in greater germination (89%) than osmotic priming (83%) when seeds were primed for 7 days at 30 °C, but priming agent had no effect on germination percentage following priming at 20 °C or for 4 days. In seeds primed for 4 days at 20 or 30 °C, matric priming hastened germination more than did osmotic priming. Germination was generally less synchronous with matric than with osmotic priming. Increasing priming time from 4 to 7 days increased the rate of germination, but increased germination synchrony only when seeds were primed a t 20 °C. Inclusion of 1 mm GA3 during priming had little or no effect on germination. All matric priming treatments (other than 4-day priming) were repeated to assess seedling emergence in a greenhouse (25°C day/22 °C night). Priming increased the percentage, rate and synchrony of emergence, and increased hypocotyl length at 3 weeks after planting. Priming at 30 °C with 1 mm GA3 resulted in the greatest emergence percentage, hypocotyl length, and shoot dry weight. We conclude that matric priming is a satisfactory alternative to osmotic priming of parsley seeds. Chemical name used: gibberellic acid (GA3).

scholarly journals Rate and Uniformity of Herbaceous Perennial Seed Germination and Emergence as Affected by Priming

1991 ◽  
Vol 116 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dina Margaret Samfield ◽  
Jayne M. Zajicek ◽  
B. Greg Cobb
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Potassium Phosphate ◽  
Echinacea Purpurea ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Purple Coneflower ◽  
Herbaceous Perennial

Seeds of tickseed (Coreopsis lanceolata L.) and purple coneflower [Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench] were primed in aerated solutions of distilled water or 50 or 100 mM salt (potassium phosphate, pH 7.0) at 16C for 3, 6, 9, or 12 days. Coreopsis seeds primed in the 50 mM buffer germinated the most rapidly and uniformly, and, under stress conditions in the greenhouse, resulted in a faster-growing, more-uniform crop than other treatments. Seeds primed in distilled water and the 50 mM buffer germinated faster and at higher rates at suboptimal temperatures in the laboratory than nonprimed seeds. Priming of Echinacea purpurea seeds for 6 or 9 days in distilled water or in the 50 mM buffer resulted in faster, more-uniform germination than other treatments. Seedling emergence under stress conditions was improved by all priming regimes, with best emergence occurring in treatments that lasted > 3 days. Priming also increased germination rates of E. purpurea at suboptimal temperatures in the laboratory.

Survey of Alcoholic Foliar Application on Reproductive Yield of Purple Coneflower (Echinacea purpurea L.)

Planta Medica ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 79 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
MT Khosravi ◽  
A Mehrafarin ◽  
H Naghdibadi ◽  
E Khosravi
Keyword(s):  
Foliar Application ◽  
Echinacea Purpurea ◽  
Purple Coneflower
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