scholarly journals 757 PB 155 LABORATORY RESPONSE TO DORMANCY-BREAKING TREATMENTS DIFFERS BY BUD AND CUTTING TYPE IN PEACH

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 541e-541
Author(s):  
Gil Nir ◽  
Greg Lang
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Methyl Jasmonate ◽  
Sodium Azide ◽  
Differential Regulation ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Aminooxyacetic Acid ◽  
Dormancy Breaking ◽  
Hydrogen Cyanamide ◽  
Early Autumn

Endodormant `Hawthorne' peach shoots were collected in early autumn and sectioned into long (30-40 cm), short terminal (10-15 cm), or short sub-terminal (IO-15 cm) cuttings. Dormancy-breaking treatments included application of hydrogen cyanamide H2C N2), thiourea (TU), sodium azide (NaN3) or gibberellic acid (GA3) solutions; atmospheric methyl jasmonate (MJ); hot water (50C for 1-2 h); or chilling (3.5C for 1-4 weeks). During forcing at 24C, & budbreak of all bud types on long cuttings was very low. On short cuttings, % apical budbreak was greater than % lateral vegetative budbreak, with almost no floral budbreak. Relative to H2CN2-induced lateral vegetative budbreak, budbreak induced by MJ, TIJ, GA,, and NaN3 was 17, 34, 50, and 92%, respectively. Relative apical budbreak was 0, 95, 53, and 63%, respectively. Addition of aminooxyacetic acid (AOA) to the beaker solution (in which cuttings were forced) induced apical, but not lateral, budbreak by itself; AOA synergistically improved H2CN2-induced budbreak by 23%. Latetal budbreak on short sub-terminal cuttings treated with hot water (1 h) was similar to that of H2CN2 treatment. Chilling increased apical budbreak to 100% as duration increased to 3 weeks, lateral vegetative budbreak only reached 43% after 4 weeks of treatment. The use of different bud and cutting types as model systems to study the differential regulation of dormancy by various treatments will be discussed.

scholarly journals Hot Water Treatment Released Endodormancy but Reduced Number of Flowers in Potted Red Raspberry Plants

HortScience ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 894-898 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marja Rantanen ◽  
Pauliina Palonen
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Rubus Idaeus ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Bud Break ◽  
Hot Water Treatment ◽  
Dormancy Breaking ◽  
Red Raspberry ◽  
Hydrogen Cyanamide ◽  
Sublethal Stress

Partially released dormancy causes poor and uneven bud break in temperate plant species like red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.). Insufficient chilling may be a problem when raspberries are grown at southern latitudes and in year-round production. Dormancy may be released by sublethal stress in many species. We studied the effect of sublethal stress on endodormancy in red raspberry ‘Glen Ample’ and ‘Ottawa’. Canes growing in pots were treated with either hot water (45 °C, 1 h) or the dormancy-breaking chemical, hydrogen cyanamide (1.04%), after accumulation of 0, 240, 480, 720, 960, or 1200 h of chilling at 1 °C. Bud break, vegetative growth, and number of flowers were recorded during 12 weeks of greenhouse forcing after the treatments. Chilling increased bud break, growth, and dry weight of lateral shoots and number of flowers in both cultivars. During deepest endodormancy (0 and 240 h of chilling), treatment with either hot water or hydrogen cyanamide enhanced bud break and lateral shoot growth but could not completely replace chilling. In ‘Ottawa’, hydrogen cyanamide was more effective than hot water during deepest endodormancy, but hot water treatment broke dormancy effectively when 720 h of chilling had accumulated. For ‘Glen Ample’, hot water was as effective as hydrogen cyanamide in breaking endodormancy. Hot water treatment reduced the number of flowers in ‘Glen Ample’ during late endodormancy (720, 960, and 1200 h of chilling). The chilling requirement for ‘Ottawa’ was fulfilled between 720 and 960 h of chilling. However, in ‘Glen Ample’, 1200 h of chilling was not enough to fully release bud dormancy; bud break remained low and it was increased by dormancy-breaking treatments. Hot water treatment can be used to release endodormancy in raspberries, but treatment conditions need to be optimized to preserve crop potential. Chemical name used: hydrogen cyanamide (Dormex, Hi-Cane, Morgrapes).

scholarly journals The effect of different treatments on seed dormancy breaking and germination inducing in Louisiana variety of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 124-128
Author(s):  
Ali Jawed Safdary ◽  
Ahmad Jawid Ahamdi ◽  
Nasratullah Habibi ◽  
Zabiullah Rahmani ◽  
Saifullah Rasooli
Keyword(s):  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Cold Treatment ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Dormancy Breaking

To investigate the methods of dormancy breaking in okra seeds; a study was conducted in the winter season of 2019 under laboratory conditions in Samangan Higher Education Institute. The experiment was carried out based on a completely randomized design within 10 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments included gibberellic acid at 4 levels (100, 500, 700, and 1000 ppm), hot water (70°C), hydrochloric acid (75%) at three levels (5, 10, and 15 minutes), 7-day chilling at 3°C and control treatment (distilled water). The results showed that the highest percentage (100%) with a germination rate of 86 seeds were available due to the application of 7-day cold treatment. Moreover, the treatments such as 7-day chilling, gibberellic acid 500 ppm, and hydrochloric acid 10 and 15 minutes had significant effects on the fresh and dry weight of roots and shoots as well as on their length. we observed that the 7- day cooling at 3°C is the best and most appropriate solution to break down the seed dormancy and stimulate seed germination of the above-mentioned crop.

Germination response to phytochrome depends on specific dormancy states in wild oat (Avena fatua)

1993 ◽  
Vol 71 (11) ◽  
pp. 1528-1532 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Q. Hou ◽  
G. M. Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Mechanical Injury ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Dormancy Breaking ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Germination Response ◽  
Genetic Origins

Effects of brief red and far-red light on germination of seeds from dormant lines of wild oat (Avena fatua L.) were studied in combination with mechanical injury to the seed coat, application of gibberellin A3, or changes in relative humidity during afterripening. Aberrant germination responses to phytochrome action were observed in the mechanically injured seeds in some of the lines, i.e., brief red light inhibited or delayed germination induced by injury, and immediately following far-red light cancelled the negative effects. Phytochrome action influenced germination of the gibberellin-treated seeds in a normal fashion, although effects of the gibberellic acid and brief red light on germination were not additive. Brief red light inhibited germination of seeds afterripened in zero relative humidity; the same light promoted germination of those in 30 and 60% relative humidity. Germination response to phytochrome in wild oat depends on specific seed dormancy states, illustrated by genetic origins, dormancy-breaking methods and afterripening conditions. Key words: Avena fatua, dormancy, mechanical injury, gibberellin A3, phytochrome, relative humidity.

DORMANCY BREAKING AND ADVANCEMENT OF MATURITY INDUCED BY HYDROGEN CYANAMIDE: A STRATEGY TO IMPROVE PROFITS IN SWEET CHERRY PRODUCTION

2014 ◽  
pp. 497-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.D. Raffo ◽  
L. Mañueco ◽  
A.P. Candan ◽  
A. Santagni ◽  
F. Menni
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Dormancy Breaking ◽  
Hydrogen Cyanamide

scholarly journals Effect of Seed Scarification and Gibberellic Acid Treatment on Seedling Emergence of Sky-Blue Lupine (Lupinus diffusus)

2003 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-67
Author(s):  
Bijan Dehgan ◽  
Jeffrey G Norcini ◽  
Steven M. Kabat ◽  
Hector E. Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Acid Treatment ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Severely Injured ◽  
Viable Seed ◽  
Seed Scarification ◽  
Concentrated Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Gibberellic Acid Treatment

Abstract The efficacy of various scarification treatments and gibberellic acid (GA3) treatment on seedling emergence of Lupinus diffusus Nutt. (sky-blue lupine) was evaluated. Seed scarified in concentrated sulfuric acid for 90 min followed by immersion in water for 24 hr resulted in the best emergence of viable seed (≈ 41%). Mechanical scarification with sandpaper for up to 30 min did not improve seedling emergence. Immersing seed in 90C (194F) water which was then allowed to cool for 24 hr apparently killed or severely injured the embryos as no seedlings emerged from seeds treated with hot water. There was only 5% seedling emergence for nonscarified seed that were soaked in water at room temperature for 24 hr. Emergence was not improved by soaking scarified seed in 1000 mg/liter (ppm) GA3 for 24 hr prior to sowing the seeds.

scholarly journals Effect of chemical treatments used for dormancy breaking on the number of stems and tubers of Hungarian potato varieties

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ádám Esztergályos ◽  
Zsolt Polgár
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Dormancy Breaking ◽  
Tuber Dormancy ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Dormancy Period ◽  
Breaking Dormancy ◽  
Number Of Stems

The length of tuber dormancy of potato varieties is an important factor in the profitability of the potato sector. Under temperate climatic conditions longer dormancy is more advantageous. However, in case of multiple planting within one growing season, in seed multiplication programs or during rapid post-harvest disease testing, breaking or shortening of dormancy is often needed. Numerous ways for chemical regulation of dormancy period were developed, but the efficiency of such methods is strongly genotype dependent. Recently a comparative study of chemical treatments for breaking tuber dormancy of some new Hungarian potato varieties was carried out. Continuing this work, here we report about the effects of chemical treatments used for breaking dormancy on the number of stems and tubers of progeny plants. The experiment was conducted in three consecutive vegetation period, with three varieties having different maturity type and different dormancy period: Balatoni rózsa, Botond and Démon. Treatments were performed using gibberellic-acid, benzyl-adenine and Rindite in different concentrations and combinations. After the dormancy period, tubers were planted into pots and grown under controlled conditions. Number of developed stems and tubers was counted. According to the results, applied treatments had a large effect on the number of developing stems and tubers of the progeny plants. Combined treatments of Rindite+gibberellic-acid, and gibberellic-acid at 100 ppm increased significantly the number of stems and tubers. Correlation between the efficiency of dormancy breaking and the number of developed tubers was found. Based on our data, Rindite and gibberellic-acid have an important role not only in breaking dormancy, but also in increasing the tuber number/plant. This positive effect could be utilized in seed potato production.

scholarly journals CHEMICAL MANIPULATION OF GRAPE DORMANCY UNDER SIMULATED TROPICAL CONDITIONS

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 435g-436
Author(s):  
Frank B. Matta ◽  
Obadiah M. Njue
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Dormancy Breaking ◽  
Ammonium Thiosulfate ◽  
Tropical Conditions ◽  
Concord Grapes

Defoliating chemicals (ammonium thiosulfate, ethrel, and thidiazuron) were evaluated on 8-month-old `Canadice' and `Concord' grapes. The effectiveness of chemical defoliators was determined 20 days after application. Vines were pruned after defoliation and dormancy breaking chemicals (thiourea, cyanamide, and gibberellic acid (GA3) were applied 4 days later. All treatments were applied as sprays. All chemicals were effective in defoliating the vines of both cultivars. Generally, the higher concentrations (ammonium thiosulfate, ethrel, and thidiazuron at 15.15, 3.0, and 0.35 g·liter–1, respectively) were more effective. All chemicals reduced days to maximum budbreak of both cultivars. The higher concentrations (thiourea, cyanamide, and GA3 at 30.3, 15.15, and 0.75 g·liter–1, respectively) resulted in greater reductions in days to maximum budbreak. `Concord' was later in reaching maximum budbreak. Total percent budbreak of both cultivars was increased by all chemicals at the higher concentrations. Cyanamide resulted in greater total percent budbreak in both cultivars.

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