Effect of the Stages of Floral Development and Postharvest Temperatures to Flowering of Eremurus in Israel

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 536d-536
Author(s):  
Rina Kamenetsky
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Developmental Disorder ◽  
Floral Development ◽  
The Third ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Floral Differentiation ◽  
Soil Temperatures ◽  
Very High ◽  
Development Application ◽  
Flowering Process

The influence of postharvest temperature on the flowering response of Eremurus was studied. The plants were harvested at four different stages of development and were separated into three groups. The first group was immediately exposed to 2 °C, the second group to 20 °C followed by 2 °C, and the third group to 20 °C followed by 32 °C and, subsequently, 2 °C. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used for concurrent morphological analysis of floral development. Application of 2 °C to the plants in the initial stage of floral development caused plant destruction and death, while the same treatment applied at the stage of full differentiation promoted normal flowering. Temperatures of 20 °C and, especially, 32 °C, significantly improved flowering of the plants harvested in the early stages of florogenesis, whereas the same treatment applied to the plants harvested at the end of flower differentiation did not affect the flowering process. A developmental disorder, which we term “Interrupted Floral Development” (IFD), was observed only in the plants harvested when the racemes were fully differentiated. This was probably caused by the very high air and soil temperatures that prevail in Israel during the summer. The extent of floral differentiation has a determinant role in subsequent scape elongation and flowering.

Monte Carlo Algorithms for Moments of Transition Arrays

1988 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 79-81
Author(s):  
A. Goldberg ◽  
S.D. Bloom
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
State Vector ◽  
Basis Vector ◽  
Collective State ◽  
Dispersion Characteristics ◽  
Dipole Strength ◽  
The Third ◽  
Monte Carlo Algorithms ◽  
Third Moment ◽  
Very High

AbstractClosed expressions for the first, second, and (in some cases) the third moment of atomic transition arrays now exist. Recently a method has been developed for getting to very high moments (up to the 12th and beyond) in cases where a “collective” state-vector (i.e. a state-vector containing the entire electric dipole strength) can be created from each eigenstate in the parent configuration. Both of these approaches give exact results. Herein we describe astatistical(or Monte Carlo) approach which requires onlyonerepresentative state-vector |RV> for the entire parent manifold to get estimates of transition moments of high order. The representation is achieved through the random amplitudes associated with each basis vector making up |RV>. This also gives rise to the dispersion characterizing the method, which has been applied to a system (in the M shell) with≈250,000 lines where we have calculated up to the 5th moment. It turns out that the dispersion in the moments decreases with the size of the manifold, making its application to very big systems statistically advantageous. A discussion of the method and these dispersion characteristics will be presented.

La experiencia del prácticum en educación infantil. Una narración en primera persona

2019 ◽  
pp. 60-76
Author(s):  
Victor Amar
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Teacher Training ◽  
Early Childhood Education ◽  
Professional Growth ◽  
Childhood Education ◽  
The Third ◽  
Formative Experience ◽  
Narrative Methodology ◽  
Very High

The chances of success of the internship in early childhood education, which takes place in the third degree, are very high. However, there may be circumstances that may befall the teacher-training student, which in a way turn the formative experience into a pretext for personal and professional growth. In order to know and understand its practice, we use narrative methodology. It is the most suitable way we have found to share his voice, giving him epistemological authority and being a pretext to improve from his experience. Her words lead us to understand that she wants to be a teacher, and that she learns in any situation, even though her tutor is in a context and with a very particular reality. The conclusion is in continuous construction as the student has learned, disapproved and reappeared with the practice; from being a student of practice to becoming one in practice.

scholarly journals Ethylene and 1-methylcyclopropene action over senescence of nasturtium flowers

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 453-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tania P Silva ◽  
Fernando L Finger
Keyword(s):  
Floral Development ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Flower Senescence ◽  
Premature Senescence ◽  
Flower Opening ◽  
Development Stages ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
The Third ◽  
Exogenous Ethylene ◽  
Floral Bud

ABSTRACT: This work describes ethylene and 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) action on post-harvest shelf life of four development stages of nasturtium flowers. To reach this goal, we carried out three experiments. In the first and second experiments, we studied five ethylene (0; 0.1; 1; 10; 100 and 1000 μL/L) and three 1-MCP concentrations (0.25; 0.5 and 0.75 μL/L), respectively. In the third experiment, 1-MCP was followed by combined with ethylene (only 1-MCP; only ethylene; and 24 hours of exposure to 0.75 μL/L 1-MCP followed by 24 hours of exposure to 100 μL/L ethylene). All experiments had two control treatments, one keeping non-exposed flowers inside and another outside exposure chambers. Experiments were set in factorial design, in complete blocks at random, with four 10-flower replications each. Flower senescence was determined by a pre-established visual scale and by observing floral bud development. Ethylene dose above 10 μL/L induced flower wilting and premature senescence from the second floral development stage. Furthermore, higher concentrations of exogenous ethylene promoted irregular flower opening and/or morphological abnormalities in opened flowers. 1-MCP effectively extended post-harvest longevity of nasturtium flowers, independent of the concentration and even in the presence of exogenous ethylene.

Mutations Causing Constitutive Invertase Synthesis in Yeast: Genetic Interactions with snf Mutations

Genetics ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 115 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-253
Author(s):  
Lenore Neigeborn ◽  
Marian Carlson
Keyword(s):  
Regulatory Region ◽  
Constitutive Expression ◽  
Genetic Interactions ◽  
The Third ◽  
Recessive Mutations ◽  
Constitutive Mutation ◽  
Complementation Groups ◽  
High Level ◽  
Yeast Genetic ◽  
Very High

ABSTRACT We have selected 210 mutants able to grow on sucrose in the presence of 2-deoxyglucose. We identified recessive mutations in three major complementation groups that cause constitutive (glucose-insensitive) secreted invertase synthesis. Two groups comprise alleles of the previously identified HXK2 and REG1 genes, and the third group was designated cid1 (constitutive invertase derepression). The effect of cid1 on SUC2 expression is mediated by the SUC2 upstream regulatory region, as judged by the constitutive expression of a SUC2-LEU2-lacZ fusion in which the LEU2 promoter is under control of SUC2 upstream sequences. A cid1 mutation also causes glucose-insensitive expression of maltase. The previously isolated constitutive mutation ssn6 is epistatic to cid1, reg1 and hxk2 for very high level constitutive invertase expression. Mutations in SNF genes that prevent derepression of invertase are epistatic to cid1, reg1 and hxk2; we have previously shown that ssn6 has different epistasis relationships with snf mutations. The constitutive mutation tup1 was found to resemble ssn6 in its genetic interactions with snf mutations. These findings suggest that CID1, REG1 and HXK2 are functionally distinct from SSN6 and TUP1.

Effect of phenology on agonistic competitive interactions between invasive and native sheet-web spiders

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 427-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy D. Houser ◽  
Adam H. Porter ◽  
Howard S. Ginsberg ◽  
Elizabeth M. Jakob
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Relative Size ◽  
Agonistic Interactions ◽  
Resident Species ◽  
The Third ◽  
Linyphia Triangularis ◽  
Size Interaction ◽  
Very High

The phenologies of introduced relative to native species can greatly influence the degree and symmetry of competition between them. The European spider Linyphia triangularis (Clerck, 1757) (Linyphiidae) reaches very high densities in coastal Maine (USA). Previous studies suggest that L. triangularis negatively affects native linyphiid species, with competition for webs as one mechanism. We documented phenological differences between L. triangularis and three native species that illustrate the potential for the reversal of size-based competitive advantage over the course of the year. To test whether relative size influences interaction outcome, we allowed a resident spider to build a web and then introduced an intruder. We examined whether the outcomes of agonistic interactions over the webs were influenced by the species of the resident (invasive or native), the relative size of the contestants, and the species × size interaction. We found that the importance of relative size differed among species. In interactions between L. triangularis and each of two native species, size played a greater role than resident species on the outcome of interactions, suggesting that competitive advantage reverses over the season based on phenology-related size differences. Linyphia triangularis had a negative impact on the third species regardless of relative size.

scholarly journals Efficacy of auriculotherapy for the reduction of stress in nursing students: a randomized clinical trial

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 727-735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Miyuki do Prado ◽  
Leonice Fumiko Sato Kurebayashi ◽  
Maria Júlia Paes da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Sham Group ◽  
School Of Nursing ◽  
The Third ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
Single Blind ◽  
Very High ◽  
Single Blind Trial

This study is a randomized single-blind trial, which aimed to evaluate the efficacy of true auriculotherapy and placebo auriculotherapy in reducing the stress levels of mid-level Nursing students of the School of Nursing of the Beneficência Portuguesa Hospital. Seventy-one students with average, high and very high scores, according to Vasconcellos' List of Stress Symptoms, were divided into three groups: Control (25), Auriculotherapy (24), and Placebo/Sham (22). They were evaluated at the baseline, 8th and 12th sessions and at the follow-up (15 days) and received Shen Men and Brainstem points (Auriculotherapy Group) and Wrist and Outer Ear points (Placebo/Sham Group). The analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed statistically significant differences between the Control/Auriculotherapy groups from the 8th session, which was maintained in the third and fourth evaluations (p=0.000) and between the Control/Placebo groups (p<0.05) at the three evaluations. It was concluded that the true auriculotherapy obtained better responses (45.39%) than the placebo (34.18%) in the reduction of the stress, but further studies are recommended for the re-evaluation of the sham points for stress. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01420848.

Floral development of Potamogeton densus

1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 647-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Posluszny ◽  
R. Sattler
Keyword(s):  
Floral Development ◽  
The Other ◽  
Floral Meristem ◽  
Developmental Sequence ◽  
Initial Activity ◽  
The Third ◽  
Stamen Primordia ◽  
Procambial Strand ◽  
Inflorescence Axis ◽  
Rates Of Growth

The floral appendages of Potamogeton densus are initiated in an acropetal sequence. The first primordia to be seen externally are those of the lateral tepals, though sectioning young floral buds (longitudinally, parallel to the inflorescence axis) reveals initial activity in the region of the lower median (abaxial) tepal and stamen at a time when the floral meristem is not yet clearly demarcated. The lateral (transversal) stamens are initiated simultaneously and unlike the median stamens each arises as two separate primordia. The upper median (adaxial) tepal and stamen develop late in relation to the other floral appendages, and in some specimens are completely absent. Rates of growth of the primordia vary greatly. Though the lower median tepal and stamen are initiated first, they grow slowly up to gynoecial inception, while the upper median tepal appears late in the developmental sequence but grows rapidly, soon overtaking the other tepal primordia. The four gynoecial primordia arise almost simultaneously, although variation in their sequence of inception occurs. The two-layered tunica of the floral apices gives rise to all floral appendages through periclinal divisions in the second layer. The third layer (corpus) is involved as well in the initiation of the stamen primordia. Procambial strands develop acropetally, lagging behind primordial initiation. The lateral stamens though initiating as two primordia each form a single, central procambial strand, which differentiates after growth between the two primordia of the thecae has occurred. A great amount of deviation from the normal tetramerous flower is found, including completely trimerous flowers, trimerous gynoecia with tetramerous perianth and androecium, and organs differentiating partially as tepals and partially as stamens.

Experiments on the Effect of Residual Insecticides in Houses against Anopheles gambiae and A. funestus

1953 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Internal Surface ◽  
The Other ◽  
Wall Surface ◽  
The Third ◽  
Experimental Huts ◽  
Wettable Powder ◽  
Window Traps ◽  
Very High

Experimental huts similar in construction to the dwellings commonly used in East Africa, but with exit window traps, were sprayed with various formulations of the three residual insecticides, DDT, BHC, and dieldrin, and the effect on the A. gambiae and A. funestus entering them was observed.The almost complete absence of kill recorded by Muirhead Thomson (1950) in experiments in similar huts in Tanganyika treated with DDT Ditreen was not confirmed by these experiments.A significant proportion of the A. gambiae and A. funestus entering huts treated with DDT did, however, escape unharmed, even immediately after treatment, whereas with the other insecticides, BHC and dieldrin, none of these mosquitos escaped the effect at least in the first month after treatment.In preliminary experiments in which observations were carried on for nine months after treatments, BHC P.530 still showed some effect after seven months. This was almost certainly due to the fumigant effect of the small amount of insecticide still remaining below the wall surface. The irritant properties of the two DDT formulations, Ditreen and the oil-bound suspension “Supona” D, still existed after nine months.In a second group of experiments, dosages of less than 80 mg. DDT and less than 60 mg. BHC (8 mg. of the gamma isomer) per sq. ft. gave over 50 per cent. kills of A. gambiae and A. funestus for only one month.In a third group of experiments, using two formulations of BHC, five of DDT, one of a mixture of DDT and BHC and one of dieldrin:—(a) Dieldrin was by far the most efficient insecticide and gave very high kills for over seven months.(b) The DDT formulations, Murphy paste, Murphy wettable powder, suspensions of DDT crystals <30 μ and 30–70 μ in diameter, when applied to the whole internal surface of the huts, produced fairly high kills over the period of the observations (six to seven months), but significant proportions of the mosquitos escaped their action even immediately after treatment.(c) The BHC formulations, P.520 and the oil-bound suspension “Supona” B, gave high kills for three to four months only.(d) The mixture of BHC and DDT in oil-bound suspension “Supona” DB gave the high initial kill of BHC and the long-lasting moderately high kill of DDT.(e) Against C. fatigans all the DDT formulations used in the third group of experiments gave very low kills, the BHC formulations high initial kills and dieldrin high long-lasting kills.BHC has marked fumigant and particulate properties lasting for three to four months. Dieldrin has a remarkable particulate action, which produces for the whole six-month period of the experiment, very high kills among mosquitos suspended without actual contact with the insecticidal surfaces; DDT only shows this particulate effect to a slight extent.It is probable that the differences in the toxicities to mosquitos of the insecticides used in these experiments is due partly to differences in the irritant properties of the insecticides. In the case of DDT many of the mosquitos having contact with this insecticide are irritated and escape from the treated surface before acquiring a lethal dose.

scholarly journals SlGT11 Controls Floral Organ Patterning and Floral Determinacy in Tomato

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liling Yang ◽  
Shilian Qi ◽  
Arfa touqeer ◽  
Haiyang Li ◽  
Xiaolan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Floral Development ◽  
Bulked Segregant Analysis ◽  
Floral Organ ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Floral Meristem ◽  
Rnai Silencing ◽  
The Third ◽  
Spatiotemporal Expression ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Floral Determinacy

Abstract Background: Flower development directly affects fruit production in tomato. Despite the framework mediated by ABC genes have been established in Arabidopsis, the spatiotemporal precision of floral development in tomato has not been well examined.Results: Here, we analyzed a novel tomato stamenless like flower (slf) mutant in which the development of stamens and carpels is disturbed, with carpelloid structure formed in the third whorl and ectopic formation of floral and shoot apical meristem in the fourth whorl. Using bulked segregant analysis (BSA), we assigned the causal mutation to the gene Solanum lycopersicum GT11 (SlGT11) that encodes a transcription factor belonging to Trihelix gene family. SlGT11 is expressed in the early stages of the flower and the expression becomes more specific to the primordium position corresponding to stamens and carpels in later stages of the floral development. Further RNAi silencing of SlGT11 verifies the defective phenotypes of the slf mutant. The carpelloid stamen in slf mutant indicates that SlGT11 is required for B-function activity in the third whorl. The failed termination of floral meristem and the occurrence of floral reversion in slf indicate that part of the C-function requires SlGT11 activity in the fourth whorl. Furthermore, we find that at higher temperature, the defects of slf mutant are substantially enhanced, with petals transformed into sepals, all stamens disappeared, and the frequency of ectopic shoot/floral meristem in fourth whorl increased, indicating that SlGT11 functions in the development of the three inner floral whorls. Consistent with the observed phenotypes, it was found that B, C and an E-type MADS-box genes were in part down regulated in slf mutants.Conclusions: Together with the spatiotemporal expression pattern, we suggest that SlGT11 functions in floral organ patterning and maintenance of floral determinacy in tomato.

scholarly journals THE USE OF THE STOKES-STRUIK APPROXIMATION FOR WAVES OF FINITE HEIGHT

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
L. E. Borgman ◽  
J. E. Chappelear
Keyword(s):  
Wave Profile ◽  
Third Order ◽  
The Third ◽  
Finite Height ◽  
Particle Velocities ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Permanent Form ◽  
Very High ◽  
Water Depths

A formal approximate solution is derived for the profile and velocity components of a wave with permanent form of finite height m moderate water depths. The approximation is carried to the third order, sufficiently far to represent all except the very high "design" waves. The relationship of the formulas to others found in the literature is discussed. The wavelengths and the coefficients in the third-order series for the wave profile, and the water particle velocities and local accelerations are tabulated for approximately 2000 waves. The depths, heights, and periods for the listed wave conditions vary respectively from 10 to 500 feet, 5 to 40 feet, and 4 to 20 seconds. The range of applicability of the theory is discussed and approximate limits estimated. As an aid in calculations, tables of the trigonometric and hyperbolic sines and cosines for integral multiples of the argument are included.

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