scholarly journals Cultivar and Developmental Differences in S-protein Concentration and Self-incompatibility in the Japanese Pear

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 917-920 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shao-Ling Zhang ◽  
Shin Hiratsuka
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Tubes ◽  
Tube Growth ◽  
Cultivar Differences ◽  
Japanese Pear ◽  
Pyrus Pyrifolia ◽  
Self Incompatibility ◽  
S Protein ◽  
Self Pollination ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
S Proteins

Cultivars of the Japanese pear [Pyrus pyrifolia (Burm.) Nakai] have variable degrees of self-incompatibility (SI) and can be classified into at least three groups: strong, intermediate, or weak SI; as shown by the extent of self-pollen tube growth in the style, and the percentage of fruit set following self-pollination. Following self-pollination, the elongation of pollen tubes in the detached styles of `Kosui' and `Kikusui' became increasingly suppressed from 4 days before anthesis (–4 DAA) to 2 days after anthesis (2 DAA). Tube growth of `Kosui' was more suppressed than that of `Kikusui' during this period. In `Osa-Nijisseiki', however, the rate of tube growth did not vary with stage of stylar development, from –8 to 2 DAA. Pollen tubes elongated much better after cross-pollination than after self-pollination at all stages tested, and the extent of the elongation increased as the styles matured. The concentration of total S-protein (sum of two S-proteins per buffer-soluble protein) increased with stylar development, but the rate of increase varied with the cultivar. The rate was significantly greater in the strongly self-incompatible `Kosui' than in the moderately self-incompatible `Kikusui', and was slowest in the weakly self-incompatible `Osa-Nijisseiki' at all developmental stages. During stylar maturation, the concentration of S4-protein, which is common in all cultivars, was highest in `Kosui', followed by `Kikusui' and `Osa-Nijisseiki'. Thus, the cultivar differences in SI expression in the Japanese pear are determined about –4 DAA and appear to be regulated, in part, by the concentration of S-proteins produced in the style.

scholarly journals Testing of self-(in)compatibility in apricot cultivars from European breeding programmes

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 65-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Milatović ◽  
D. Nikolić ◽  
B. Krška
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Microscopy ◽  
Pollen Tube ◽  
Pollen Tube Growth ◽  
Reliable Method ◽  
Pollen Tubes ◽  
Tube Growth ◽  
Self Incompatibility ◽  
Breeding Programmes

Self-(in)compatibility was tested in 40 new apricot cultivars from European breeding programmes. Pollen-tube growth in pistils from laboratory pollinations was analysed using the fluorescence microscopy. Cultivars were considered self-compatible if at least one pollen tube reached the ovary in the majority of pistils. Cultivars were considered self- incompatible if the growth of pollen tubes in the style stopped along with formation of characteristic swellings. Of the examined cultivars, 18 were self-compatible and 22 were self-incompatible. Fluorescence microscopy provides a relatively rapid and reliable method to determine self-incompatibility in apricot cultivars.      

scholarly journals Cytological Observation and Transcriptome Comparative Analysis of Self-Pollination and Cross-Pollination in Dendrobium Officinale

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 432
Author(s):  
Yaling Chen ◽  
Benchang Hu ◽  
Fantao Zhang ◽  
Xiangdong Luo ◽  
Jiankun Xie
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Tubes ◽  
The Self ◽  
Dendrobium Officinale ◽  
Self Incompatibility ◽  
Related Gene ◽  
Cytological Observation ◽  
Lectin Receptor ◽  
Cross Pollination ◽  
Self Pollination ◽  
Medicinal Value

Dendrobium officinale is a rare and traditional medicinal plant with high pharmacological and nutritional value. The self-incompatibility mechanism of D. officinale reproductive isolation was formed in the long-term evolution process, but intraspecific hybridization of different germplasm resources leads to a large gap in the yield, quality, and medicinal value of D. officinale. To investigate the biological mechanism of self-incompatibility in D. officinale, cytological observation and the transcriptome analysis was carried out on the samples of self-pollination and cross-pollination in D. officinale. Results for self-pollination showed that the pollen tubes could grow in the style at 2 h, but most of pollen tubes stopped growing at 4 h, while a large number of cross-pollinated pollen tubes grew along the placental space to the base of ovary, indicating that the self-incompatibility of D. officinale may be gametophyte self-incompatibility. A total of 63.41 G basesum of D. officinale style samples from non-pollinated, self-pollination, and cross-pollination by RNA-seq were obtained, and a total of 1944, 1758, and 475 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the comparison of CK (non-pollinated) vs. HF (cross-pollination sample), CK vs. SF (self-pollination sample) and SF vs. HF were identified, respectively. Forty-one candidate genes related to self-incompatibility were found by function annotation of DEGs, including 6 Ca2+ signal genes, 4 armed repeat containing (ARC) related genes, 11 S-locus receptor kinase (SRK) related genes, 2 Exo70 family genes, 9 ubiquitin related genes, 1 fatty acid related gene, 6 amino acid-related genes, 1 pollen-specific leucine-rich repeat extensin-like protein (LRX) related gene and 1 lectin receptor-like kinases (RLKs) related gene, showed that self-incompatibility mechanism of D. officinale involves the interaction of multiple genes and pathways. The results can provide a basis for the study of the self-incompatibility mechanism of D. officinale, and provide ideas for the preservation and utilization of high-quality resources of D. officinale.

Selective inhibition of the growth of incompatible pollen tubes by S-protein in the Japanese pear

2001 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 209-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Hiratsuka ◽  
Shao-Ling Zhang ◽  
E. Nakagawa ◽  
Yoshitaka Kawai
Keyword(s):  
Selective Inhibition ◽  
Pollen Tubes ◽  
Japanese Pear ◽  
S Protein ◽  
Incompatible Pollen

scholarly journals Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals a Comprehensive Calcium- and Phytohormone-Dominated Signaling Response in Leymus chinensis Self-Incompatibility

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 2356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuangyan Chen ◽  
Junting Jia ◽  
Liqin Cheng ◽  
Pincang Zhao ◽  
Dongmei Qi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Tube ◽  
Pollen Tube Growth ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Tube Growth ◽  
Leymus Chinensis ◽  
Self Incompatibility ◽  
Cross Pollination ◽  
Grass Family ◽  
Self Pollination

Sheepgrass (Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvel.) is an economically and ecologically important forage in the grass family. Self-incompatibility (SI) limits its seed production due to the low seed-setting rate after self-pollination. However, investigations into the molecular mechanisms of sheepgrass SI are lacking. Therefore, microscopic observation of pollen germination and pollen tube growth, as well as transcriptomic analyses of pistils after self- and cross-pollination, were performed. The results indicated that pollen tube growth was rapidly inhibited from 10 to 30 min after self-pollination and subsequently stopped but preceded normally after cross-pollination. Time course comparative transcriptomics revealed different transcriptome dynamics between self- and cross-pollination. A pool of SI-related signaling genes and pathways was generated, including genes related to calcium (Ca2+) signaling, protein phosphorylation, plant hormone, reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO), cytoskeleton, and programmed cell death (PCD). A putative SI response molecular model in sheepgrass was presented. The model shows that SI may trigger a comprehensive calcium- and phytohormone-dominated signaling cascade and activate PCD, which may explain the rapid inhibition of self-pollen tube growth as observed by cytological analyses. These results provided new insight into the molecular mechanisms of sheepgrass (grass family) SI.

scholarly journals Compatibility Relationships in `Manzanillo' Olive

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 1056-1058 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julián Cuevas ◽  
Vito S. Polito
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Tube ◽  
Pollen Tube Growth ◽  
Olea Europaea ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Tube Growth ◽  
Self Incompatibility ◽  
Central California ◽  
Self Pollination ◽  
Olea Europaéa

We investigated pollination and fruit set parameters in `Manzanillo' olive (Olea europaea L.) following self-pollination and pollination with `Sevillano', `Ascolano', and `Mission' pollen. Results of analyses and experiments conducted over 2 years in central California indicated that `Manzanillo' behaves as a self-incompatible cultivar (index of self-incompatibility = 0.22 to 0.24). Pollination with `Sevillano' resulted in a more than 4-fold increase in fruit set over self-pollination. When `Mission' or `Ascolano' pollen was used, there was no increase over self-pollinated samples. Analyses of pollen tube growth, fertilization, initial fruit set, and final fruit set were consistent with `Manzanillo' being considered as a self-incompatible cultivar cross-incompatible with `Mission' and `Ascolano'. Our results indicate that `Manzanillo' is likely to be more productive when interplanted with `Sevillano' rather than when planted without a pollinizer or with `Mission' or `Ascolano'.

Sequence comparison of the 5' flanking regions of Japanese pear ( Pyrus pyrifolia ) S-RNases associated with gametophytic self-incompatibility

2001 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 289-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoko Norioka ◽  
Hironori Katayama ◽  
Tohru Matsuki ◽  
Takeshi Ishimizu ◽  
Takeshi Takasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Comparison ◽  
Japanese Pear ◽  
Pyrus Pyrifolia ◽  
Self Incompatibility ◽  
Flanking Regions

scholarly journals Reciprocal intercompatibility between Byrsonima Rich. exKunth species (Malpighiaceae), in an urban ecotonal fragment of Semi-Deciduous Seasonal Forest and Cerrado

2021 ◽  
pp. 211-221
Author(s):  
Frederic Mendes Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Tube ◽  
Pollen Tube Growth ◽  
Tube Growth ◽  
Self Incompatibility ◽  
Prezygotic Isolation ◽  
Stigmatic Surface ◽  
Cross Pollination ◽  
Self Pollination ◽  
Isolation Mechanisms ◽  
Hypothesis Evaluation

Byrsonima species present floral monomorphism and sharing visitor/pollinator guild. These traits suggest the hypothesis evaluation of reciprocal inter-incompatibility between two syntopic Byrsonima species: B. pachyphylla and B. crassifolia. Pollen tube growth with similar behavior was observed in the stigmatic surface, pistil canal, ovary and micropylar channel to both species. In addition, partial self-incompatibility in self-pollination with greater fruiting in autogamy was observed. Cross-pollination and self-pollination coexist, and reciprocal intercompatibility occurs. Prezygotic isolation mechanisms are unlikely by the absence of abnormal pollen tubes, higher fruiting production and absence of hybrids in the study site. Las especies de Byrsonima presentan monomorfismo floral y comparten gremio de visitantes/polinizadores. Estos rasgos sugieren la evaluación de hipótesis de interincompatibilidad recíproca entre dos especies sintópicas de Byrsonima: B. pachyphylla y B. crassifolia. Se observó el crecimiento del tubo polínico con comportamiento similar en la superficie estigmática, canal del pistilo, ovario y canal micropilar de ambas especies. Además, se describió la autoincompatibilidad parcial en la autopolinización con mayor fructificación en la autogamia. La polinización cruzada y la autopolinización coexisten y se produce una intercompatibilidad recíproca. Los mecanismos de aislamiento precigóticos son improbables por la ausencia de tubos polínicos anormales, producción de frutos y ausencia de híbridos en la área de estudio.

scholarly journals Spur Characteristics, Fruit Growth, and Carbon Partitioning in Two Late-maturing Japanese Pear (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai) Cultivars with Contrasting Fruit Size

2005 ◽  
Vol 130 (2) ◽  
pp. 252-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caixi Zhang ◽  
Kenji Tanabe ◽  
Fumio Tamura ◽  
Akihiro Itai ◽  
Shiping Wang
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Carbon Partitioning ◽  
Fruit Growth ◽  
Cultivar Differences ◽  
Japanese Pear ◽  
Pyrus Pyrifolia ◽  
Sink Strength ◽  
Total Leaf Area

The aim of this study was to investigate the roles of spur characteristics and carbon partitioning in regulating cultivar differences in fruit size of two late-maturing japanese pear cultivars, `Atago' and `Shinkou'. The study of spur characteristics showed that the two cultivars displayed different patterns in leaf development, flower characteristics, fruit growth, and shoot type. In contrast to `Atago' with dramatically larger fruit, `Shinkou' is a heavily spurred cultivar with a higher total leaf area and leaf number per spur early in fruit growth, less vegetative shoots, and smaller fruit but larger core. No significant differences were obtained in specific leaf weight, leaf thickness, chlorophyll content, and net photosynthesis of mature leaves, and seed number per fruit between the two cultivars. The results of trace experiment with 13C revealed that on a spur basis, there were no significant differences in the amount of 13C assimilate produced by spur leaves on each labeling date except at 190 days after anthesis, however, there were highly significant differences in the amount of 13C allocated to fruit between cultivars. Moreover, a higher amount of 13C assimilates was allocated to `Atago' flesh (or fruit) than that in `Shinkou'. Analysis of relative sink strength (RSS) indicates that the sink strength of fruit was dominant over those of other organs in the spur measured in both cultivars except at the early stage of fruit growth. `Atago' exhibited a greater RSS of fruit and lower losses of 13C for respiration and export than `Shinkou'. These results suggest that the movement of photosynthates into the fruit was determined by sink strength of the fruit rather than the source strength in the two cultivars.

scholarly journals Pollination Biology of Hydrangea macrophylla

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 335-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra M. Reed
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Tube ◽  
Pollen Tube Growth ◽  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Pollen Tubes ◽  
Tube Growth ◽  
Self Incompatibility ◽  
Stigma Receptivity ◽  
Hydrangea Macrophylla ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Days After Anthesis

Little information is available on the reproductive behavior of Hydrangea macrophylla (Thunb. Ex J.A. Murr.) Ser. The objectives of this study were to investigate time of stigma receptivity, viability of pollen from sterile flowers, and self-incompatibility in this popular ornamental shrub. Pollen germination and pollen tube growth in styles were examined using fluorescence microscopy. Stigma receptivity was examined in cross-pollinations made from 1 day before anthesis to 8 days after anthesis. Maximum stigma receptivity for the two cultivars examined occurred from anthesis to 4 days after anthesis. Viability of pollen from sterile flowers was evaluated through pollen staining and observations of pollen tube growth. No significant difference in percent stainable pollen between fertile and sterile flowers was observed in any of the six taxa examined. Pollen germination and pollen tube growth were studied in cross-pollinations made using pollen from fertile and sterile flowers of two cultivars. For both cultivars, pollen tubes from fertile and sterile flowers grew to the same length and had entered ovules by 72 hours after pollination. Self-incompatibility was evaluated by comparing pollen germination and pollen tube growth in cross- and self-pollinations. In the five taxa examined, self pollen tubes were significantly shorter than cross pollen tubes in flowers that were examined 72 hours after pollination. This finding indicates the presence of a gametophytic self-incompatibility system in H. macrophylla.

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