scholarly journals Bed Mulch Treatment Affects Strawberry Fruit Bronzing and Yield Performance

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirk D. Larson ◽  
Steven T. Koike ◽  
Frank G. Zalom
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
High Irradiance ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Strawberry Fruit ◽  
Yield Performance ◽  
Ambient Temperatures

Strawberry plants (`Commander') were grown with different polyethylene bed mulches in the 1999-2000 and 2000-2001 production seasons to determine the effect of mulch on plant growth, yield performance and incidence of Type III strawberry fruit bronzing (T3B), a fruit disorder of unknown origin. In 1999-2000, T3B incidence ranged from 1.8% to 3.7% of total yield, and use of clear, full-bed (CFB) mulch resulted in significantly less T3B incidence than either clear center-strip mulch (CS), or yellow-on-black full-bed mulch. Plant canopy vegetative growth and shoot to root dry mass ratios were greatest for CFB compared to other mulch treatments, but there was no effect of mulch treatment on yield or fruit size. Winter temperatures in 2000-2001 were colder than in 1999-2000, with reduced vegetative growth and increased T3B incidence in spring for all mulch treatments. Use of CFB mulch resulted in greater vegetative growth, greater yield, increased fruit size and reduced T3B incidence compared to CS or green full-bed mulch, but there was no difference among mulch treatments for number of T3B fruit per plot for any single fruit harvest interval. In 2000-2001, the onset of severe T3B symptoms on 7 May was preceded by a brief period of ambient temperatures >31 °C. For all treatments, peak T3B incidence occurred from late May to mid-June, a period characterized by high ambient temperatures and high irradiance conditions. Results indicate that temperature and radiation are significant factors in the development of T3B, and that increased plant vegetative growth in winter results in greater yields and a lower percentage of T3B-affected fruit, particularly in years with cold winters. Managing strawberry plantations to optimize plant growth and development in winter appears to be an effective strategy for reducing the severity of this disorder.

scholarly journals 913 PB 159 FIELD TRIAL WITH SIX MICROPROPAGATED STRAWBERRY CULTIVARS IN EGYPT

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 565a-565
Author(s):  
Fouad H. Moham
Keyword(s):  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Strawberry Fruit ◽  
Petiole Length ◽  
Production Area ◽  
Strawberry Cultivars

This experiment was conducted at Ismailia, the largest strawberry fruit production area in Egypt. Runner plants of the second progeny of micropropagated cvs.: Parker, Chandler, Sequoia, Selva, Brighton and Douglas were planted in 1992/1993 to study their growth and fruiting behavior in response to planting density and runner removal. For most cvs. tested, vegetative growth i.e; petiole length and leaf area as well as fruiting i.e; fruit number and yield/plant were increased under 50cm. between plant spacing with runner intact. Sequoia, Chandler and Parker produced the best growth. Fruit size increased with 25cm. spacing and runner removal. The highest early yield was that of Sequoia and Douglas which correlated well with the number of flower trusses produced. Chandler and Selva produced the highest total yield followed by Douglas, Sequoia, Parker and Brighton.

scholarly journals Effects of Rootstock, Tree Density and Training System on Early Growth, Yield and Fruit Quality of Blush Pear

HortScience ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Lexie McClymont ◽  
Ian Goodwin ◽  
Desmond Whitfield ◽  
Mark O’Connell ◽  
Susanna Turpin
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Substantial Effect ◽  
Training System ◽  
Tree Density ◽  
High Density ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
And Training

Vegetative growth, orchard productivity, fruit quality and marketable yield were evaluated for rootstock (D6, BP1 and Quince A), tree density (741–4444 trees/ha), and training system (Open Tatura trellis, two-dimensional vertical and three-dimensional traditional) effects on young trees of the blush pear cultivar ‘ANP-0131’. ‘ANP-0131’ is a vigorous scion and vegetative growth, precocity, and yield were influenced by the selected rootstocks. Tree density and training system treatments exerted a substantial effect on canopy radiation interception while increasing tree density improved yield. Increasing tree density from 2222 (high density) to 4444 (ultra-high density) trees/ha did not improve cumulative yield. Crop load affected fruit size, such that “marketable” yield (yield of fruit weighing between 150 and 260 g) was greatest for trees on D6 rootstock and trained to Open Tatura trellis at high and ultra-high densities.

Responses of 'Pink Lady ' apple to deficit irrigation and partial rootzone drying: physiology, growth, yield, and fruit quality

2007 ◽  
Vol 58 (11) ◽  
pp. 1068 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark G. O'Connell ◽  
Ian Goodwin
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Stem Water Potential ◽  
Crop Evapotranspiration ◽  
Stem Water ◽  
Partial Rootzone Drying

Partial rootzone drying (PRD) is a new irrigation strategy whereby water is withheld from part of the rootzone while another part is well watered. A successful PRD strategy should reduce tree water use through stomatal control of transpiration and reduce vegetative growth while maintaining fruit size and yield. A field experiment examined crop water relations and production performance of PRD in a commercial apple orchard on loam soil in the Goulburn Valley, Australia. The orchard consisted of high-density (1420 trees/ha) 8-year-old ‘Pink Lady’ apple trees trained as central leader and irrigated by microjets. The effects of PRD on leaf/stem water potential, vegetative growth, yield components and fruit quality were investigated during two seasons (2001–02, Year 1 and 2002–03, Year 2). The 2-year average growing season reference crop evapotranspiration and rainfall was 954 and 168 mm, respectively. Three irrigation treatments were established: (1) deficit irrigation (DI, supplied 50% of water to a fixed side of tree); (2) PRD supplied 50% of water to alternating sides of tree; (3) and conventional irrigation (CI, supplied 100% water to both sides of tree). Irrigation inputs under the CI treatment were 334 and 529 mm for Year 1 and Year 2, respectively. In Year 1, the volume of irrigation applied to CI treatment inputs equated to the replacement of predicted crop evapotranspiration (ETc) based on a mid-season FAO-56 crop coefficient with adjustment for tree size. Vegetative growth, fruit production and water status showed both PRD and DI treatments led to a classical ‘deficit irrigation’ water stress response. Leaf water potential, leaf conductance, fruit size, shoot growth and yield were reduced on PRD and DI trees compared to the fully watered (CI) trees. In Year 2, CI inputs exceeded estimated ETc by 2-fold. Consequently, minimal or no differences between irrigation regimes were measured in stem water potential, vegetative growth, yield components and fruit quality. Fruit disorders (sunburn, russet, misshape, markings, frost damage) were not affected by irrigation regime in either season. We contend that further effort is required to determine under what circumstances or environments there is a PRD response that saves water and maintains yield and quality for apple.

scholarly journals Effect of Irrigation Frequency and Shade Levels on Vegetative Growth, Yield, and Fruit Quality of Piquin Pepper (Capsicum annuum L. var. glabriusculum)

HortScience ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 573-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan I. Valiente-Banuet ◽  
Alejandro Gutiérrez-Ochoa
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Irrigation Frequency ◽  
Horticultural Products ◽  
Yearly Data

In Mexico, piquin peppers are highly valued horticultural products with limited cultivated production due to low seed germination, morphologic and genetic variability, disease susceptibility, and limited environmental physiology information. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of irrigation frequency and shade level treatments on vegetative growth, yield, and fruit quality of a commercial ecotype of piquin pepper. The study was conducted during two consecutive years using a hierarchical linear mixed-effects model design, with yearly data of irrigation frequency as main treatment blocks and shade levels as secondary blocks (nested within irrigation frequency treatments). Our results indicate that more frequent irrigation and increased shade levels favored vegetative growth. In addition, moderate shade levels (interception of 35% of full sunlight) and daily irrigation provided the best conditions for fruit production. This effect could be attributed to an increase in vegetative growth (thus higher photosynthetic and crop load capacity); more moderate conditions (temperatures and relative humidity) that favored flowering and fruit set, or a combination of these factors. Fruit size and pungency were not significantly affected by the treatments. Our results provide basic information for the development of guidelines for the cultivation of piquin pepper plants.

scholarly journals Growth, Yield, and Fruit Weight of Spur-bound `Delicious' Apple Trees following Spur-pruning and BA Plus GA4+7 Application

1991 ◽  
Vol 116 (3) ◽  
pp. 454-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard P. Marini ◽  
Donald Sowers
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Spur Length ◽  
Leaf Dry Weight ◽  
All Treatment

Twenty-eight-year-old `Starkrimson Delicious' and 10-year-old `Fullred Delicious' apple (Malus domestics Borkh.) trees were spur-pruned in 1986 and 1987 and/or treated with 500 mg BA + GA4+7/liter in 1986 in an attempt to improve spur growth and increase fruit weight. All treatment combinations generally failed to improve yield or fruit size. BA + GA4+7 reduced yield and fruit weight and increased the number of pygmy fruit in 1986, but had little effect on fruiting or vegetative growth for 3 years after treatment. Spur-pruning reduced spur density in 1986 and 1987 and increased yield, but not fruit weight, in 1987. Although spur-pruning improved spur length, spur bud diameter, leaf area per spur, and leaf dry weight per spur, fruit weight was not improved. Chemical names used: N-(phenylmethyl)-1H -purine-6-amine [benzyladenine (BA)]; gibberellin (GA4+7).

scholarly journals Vegetative growth and productive performance of 'Abate Fetel' and 'Rocha' pear trees on quince rootstocks

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Klamer de Almeida ◽  
João Caetano Fioravanço ◽  
Gilmar Arduino Bettio Marodin
Keyword(s):  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Alternate Bearing ◽  
Cydonia Oblonga ◽  
Pear Trees ◽  
Flowering Intensity

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the vegetative growth and yield of the 'Abate Fetel' and 'Rocha' pear (Pyrus communis) trees grafted onto the 'Adams', 'Ba29', and 'EMC' quince (Cydonia oblonga) rootstocks in the climatic conditions of Southern Brazil. The plants were trained on a central leader system, at a 4.0x1.0-m spacing. Vegetative growth, yield, and fruit size were evaluated. 'Rocha' showed greater vegetative growth, but also alternate bearing, mainly due to fructification problems. 'Abate Fetel' presented high flowering intensity, but a very low fructification, which limited its yield. Among rootstocks, 'Adams' induced a higher vigor during the initial stages and an increased intensity in flowering in the sixth year. In the following seasons, there was no rootstock effect on the assessed variables. 'Rocha' has a satisfactory production, whereas 'Abate Fetel' shows a weak vegetative growth and a very low production. The 'Adams', 'Ba29', and 'EMC' rootstocks induce similar vegetative and productive behavior in the 'Abate Fetel' and 'Rocha' pear trees.

Effect of different rootstock on plant growth, yield and quality of watermelon

2003 ◽  
Vol 43 (10) ◽  
pp. 1269 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Yetisir ◽  
N. Sari
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Cucurbita Moschata ◽  
Cucurbita Maxima ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Potential Use

This study was conducted in Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Cukurova in 1999 and 2000. Watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum and Nakai] cultivar Crimson Tide was grafted onto 10 different rootstocks. Cucurbita moschata, Cucurbita maxima and Lagenaria siceraria were open pollinated cultivars, and Strong Tosa, Gold Tosa, P360 (Cucurbita maxima × Cucurbita moschata), Skopje, Emphasis, 216 and FRG (Lagenaria spp.) were hybrid cultivars. The ungrafted Crimson Tide watermelon cultivar was used as the control. Plants were grown under low tunnel conditions until the outdoor temperature was suitable (22–25°C) for watermelon growth. Our results showed that while survival rate was low (65%) in Cucurbita type rootstocks, it was high (95%) in Lagenaria type rootstocks. Grafted plants flowered about 10 days earlier and showed more vigorous vegetative growth than the control plants. Grafted plants had up to 148% higher fresh weights than control plants. Similarly, grafted plants showed 42–180% higher dry weight, 58–100% more leaves and larger leaf area as compared with the control. In total yield, Lagenaria type rootstocks produced a higher yield but Cucurbita type rootstocks produced a lower yield than the control. While control plants had 6.43 kg/m2 yield, Lagenaria type rootstocks produced 27–106% higher yield than the control. In contrast, Cucurbita type rootstocks had 127–240% less yield than the control. This could be attributed to incompatibility of Cucurbita rootstocks because some of the plants died before harvest. The study showed that rootstock choices influence plant growth as well as yield and quality of scion fruit, suggesting an important consideration in the potential use of grafting applications in watermelon.

scholarly journals ‘Navelina’ sweet orange trees on five rootstocks in Northern Parana state, Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Aparecida da Cruz ◽  
Carmen Silvia Vieira Janeiro Neves ◽  
Deived Uilian de Carvalho ◽  
Ronan Carlos Colombo ◽  
Rui Pereira Leite Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Sweet Orange ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Tree Canopy ◽  
Yield Performance ◽  
Rangpur Lime ◽  
Canopy Volume ◽  
Orange Trees ◽  
Swingle Citrumelo

Abstract Studies on rootstocks and scions are of major importance for citrus crop production. The goal of this study was to evaluate vegetative growth, yield performance, and fruit quality of ‘Navelina’ sweet orange trees grafted on five different rootstocks in Northern Parana state, Brazil. The experimental design was completely randomized blocks, with six replications, two plants per plot, and five treatments: ‘Rangpur’ lime; ‘Cleopatra’ mandarin, ‘Sunki’ mandarin; ‘Swingle’ citrumelo; and ‘Fepagro C-13’ citrange. Tree vegetative growth, yield performance, and fruit physical-chemical characteristics were analyzed. ‘Sunki’ mandarin provided the largest canopy volume for ‘Navelina’ sweet orange trees, whereas ‘Swingle’ citrumelo, ‘Fepagro C-13’ citrange, and ‘Rangpur’ lime provided a smaller volume for tree canopy. Compared to Rangpur lime, ‘Swingle’ citrumelo provided higher accumulated yield and production efficiency for ‘Navelina’ sweet orange trees. All rootstocks induced good physical and chemical quality to ‘Navelina’ sweet orange fruits.

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