scholarly journals Container Size and Planting Zone Influence on Transplant Survival and Growth of Two Coastal Plants

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 554-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mack Thetford ◽  
Debbie Miller ◽  
Kathryn Smith ◽  
Mica Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Basal Area ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Maximum Height ◽  
Transplant Survival ◽  
Coastal Plants ◽  
Root Shoot Ratio ◽  
Canopy Area ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Air Force Base ◽  
Santa Rosa Island

Survival and subsequent growth of two beach species produced in containers of differing volume and depth were evaluated following transplant on Eglin Air Force Base, Santa Rosa Island, Fla. Rooted cuttings of gulf bluestem (Schizachyrium maritimum) were produced in four container types: 1-gal (gallon), 0.75-gal treepot, 1-qt (quart), or 164-mL Ray leach tube (RLT) containers. Root and shoot biomass of gulf bluestem harvested after 12 weeks in container production were greatest for plants grown in treepot containers and root: shoot ratio decreased as container size increased. Regardless of container size, survival of beach-planted gulf bluestem was 100%. Basal area of plants from standard gallon and treepot containers was similar 11 months after transplant and basal area for plants from treepot containers remained greater than plants from quart or RLT containers. Effect of planting zone [92, 124, 170, and 200 m landward of the Gulf of Mexico (Gulf)] on transplant survival was also evaluated for inkberry (Ilex glabra). Seedling liners of inkberry were produced in 3-gal treepot or gallon containers. Inkberry was taller when grown in 3-gal treepot containers than when grown in gallon containers. Regardless of container size, all inkberry planted 92 m from the Gulf died. Inkberry survival (>75%) when grown in 3-gal treepot containers was two to six times greater than plants grown in gallon containers (15%, 50%, 40%; 124, 170, and 200 m from Gulf, respectively). After 15 months, inkberry grown in 3-gal treepot containers remained larger with 1.5 times the mean maximum height and twice the mean canopy area compared to those grown in gallon containers.

scholarly journals Root architecture and rhizobial inoculation in relation to drought stress response in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris l.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 502-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parvaze A. Sofi ◽  
Iram Saba ◽  
Zakir Amin
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Root Biomass ◽  
Water Regime ◽  
Rooting Depth ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Root Volume ◽  
Shoot Ratio ◽  
Root Shoot Ratio ◽  
Rhizobial Inoculation ◽  
The Mean

The present study was aimed at assessing the root traits and rhizobial inoculation in relation to drought in common bean, Phaseolus vulgaris. Drought caused the largest decrease in shoot biomass followed by plant height, while an increase was recorded inroot/shoot ratio. Rhizobial inoculation caused largest increase in shoot biomass followed by root volume and root biomass and smallest increase in rooting depth. WB-216 and WB-185 had better rooting depth in all treatments. However, WB-83 (92.67) had highest rooting depth under irrigated conditions and SR-1 had highest rooting depth under irrigated conditions treated with rhizobium (108.50). Similarly, WB-216 had highest root/shoot ratio under drought (2.693) followed by WB-185 (1.285) while lowest value was recorded for Arka Anoop (0.373). In rhizobium treated drought condition, WB-216 recorded highest root/shoot ratio (5.540) followed by SFB-1 (1.967). Under irrigated conditions (both with and without rhizobium), WB-185 recorded highest root/shoot ratio while lowest was recorded for SR-1 (0.166). The mean squares due to root depth, root biomass and root volume were significant whereas the mean squares due to water and rhizobium were non-significant. Among interactions the genotype x water regime was significant for rooting depth (5 % level), genotype x rhizobia was significant for rooting depth and root volume (1 % level) and the interaction of genotype x water regime x rhizobium was significant for rooting depth, root biomass and root volume (1 % level). The results reinforce the need to further analyse the potential of other soil microbes in common bean rhizosphere in amelioration of the effects of water stress.

Management of optic disc pit-associated maculopathy: A case series from a tertiary referral center

2021 ◽  
pp. 112067212110237
Author(s):  
Ilkay Kilic Muftuoglu ◽  
Ecem Onder Tokuc ◽  
V Levent Karabas
Keyword(s):  
Optic Disc ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Internal Limiting Membrane ◽  
Maximum Height ◽  
Optic Disc Pit ◽  
Tertiary Referral Center ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Foveal Center

Purpose: To report outcomes of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) combined with internal limiting membrane (ILM) stuffing technique in patients with optic disc pit associated maculopathy (ODP-M). Methods: Data including best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central macular thickness (CMT), foveal center point thickness (FCP), and maximum height of fluid (max_fluid) (intraretinal or subretinal) were collected from the medical records of the patients. Results: Six eyes of six patients with a mean age of 28.0 ± 17.68 years (range: 9–53 year) underwent PPV + ILM plug surgery. The mean follow-up duration was 25.62 ± 26.11 months (range: 11.80–78.00 month) duration. The mean BCVA increased from 1.25 ± 1.04 logMAR (20/355, Snellen equivalent) to 0.86 ± 1.09 logMAR (20/144, Snellen equivalent) at last follow-up ( p = 0.043). Compared to baseline, CMT, FCP, and max_fluid significantly decreased at all visits after the surgery ( p < 0.05 for all visits). At last follow-up, 66.6% of the eyes (four eyes) showed complete resolution of fluid at a mean of 5.25 ± 4.99 months (range: 1–12 months) after the surgery. Conclusion: PPV with ILM plug seemed to be an effective surgical technique in ODP-M. Studies with longer follow-up and higher number of patients are needed to confirm our results.

Biomass estimates derived from sector subsampling of 360° spherical images

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Dai ◽  
Mark J Ducey ◽  
Haozhou Wang ◽  
Ting-Ru Yang ◽  
Yung-Han Hsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basal Area ◽  
Sampling Errors ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Inventory Costs ◽  
Standard Error Estimation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Biomass Ratio ◽  
Spherical Images ◽  
Additional Level

Abstract Efficient subsampling designs reduce forest inventory costs by focusing sampling efforts on more variable forest attributes. Sector subsampling is an efficient and accurate alternative to big basal area factor (big BAF) sampling to estimate the mean basal area to biomass ratio. In this study, we apply sector subsampling of spherical images to estimate aboveground biomass and compare our image-based estimates with field data collected from three early spacing trials on western Newfoundland Island in eastern Canada. The results show that sector subsampling of spherical images produced increased sampling errors of 0.3–3.4 per cent with only about 60 trees measured across 30 spherical images compared with about 4000 trees measured in the field. Photo-derived basal area was underestimated because of occluded trees; however, we implemented an additional level of subsampling, collecting field-based basal area counts, to correct for bias due to occluded trees. We applied Bruce’s formula for standard error estimation to our three-level hierarchical subsampling scheme and showed that Bruce’s formula is generalizable to any dimension of hierarchical subsampling. Spherical images are easily and quickly captured in the field using a consumer-grade 360° camera and sector subsampling, including all individual tree measurements, were obtained using a custom-developed python software package. The system is an efficient and accurate photo-based alternative to field-based big BAF subsampling.

Pituitary dimensions and volume measurements in pregnancy and post partum

1998 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Dinç ◽  
F. Esen ◽  
A. Demirci ◽  
A. Sari ◽  
H. Resit Gümele
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Maximum Height ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Normal Pituitary Gland ◽  
Volume Measurements ◽  
Length Width ◽  
The Mean

Purpose: Our purpose was to clarify and further characterize the changes in height, length, width, volume, and shape in the normal pituitary gland and in width in the infundibulum during pregnancy and the first 6 months post partum. Material and Methods: Cranial MR imaging was performed in 78 women who were pregnant in the second or third trimester or who were post partum, and in 18 age-matched control subjects who were not pregnant. Volume measurements were performed in 2 ways; volume 1=1/2xheightxlengthxwidth; and volume 2=area (measured by trackball)xslice thickness Results: Gland volume, height, width, length, and convexity, and infundibular width increased during pregnancy. the highest values were seen during the 3 days immediately post partum. When compared with volunteers, volumes 1 and 2 showed the largest increase (120%) among the parameters. Gland height showed the best correlation (r=0.94, p>0.00001) with gestational age. the mean height of the gland was 8.76 mm in the third trimester. None of the pregnant women had a gland height of above 10 mm during pregnancy. Only 2 subjects had gland heights of 10.04 and 10.2 mm during the 0–3 days post partum. After this first post-partum period of 3 days, the gland size, shape, and volume and the infundibular width returned to normal within 6 months Conclusion: the pituitary gland enlarges in three dimensions throughout pregnancy. During pregnancy, the volume of the gland shows the highest percentage of increase compared to its length, height, and width. the maximum height of the gland does not exceed 10 mm during pregnancy but it may exceed 10 mm during the 3 days immediately post partum.

Carbon Stocks of Linear Category of Trees Out Side Forest in Anantapuramu District, Andhra Pradesh, India

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 303-308
Author(s):  
G. Kavitha ◽  
S. Salamma ◽  
M. Ramesh ◽  
Mudavath Naik ◽  
M. Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basal Area ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Linear Structures ◽  
Carbon Sequestration Potential ◽  
Sequestration Potential ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Angiosperm Species ◽  
Linear Category ◽  
Total Tree ◽  
Trees Outside Forest

In the present study, carbon stocks of linear structures of trees outside forest in Anantapuramu district was estimated through sampling of 344 (0.1 ha) plots. A total of 4229 tree individuals belonging to 66 angiosperm species were enumerated in the sampled plots. The mean tree density is 122.8per ha; mean diameter at breast height 4.04 m; mean basal area 15.43 m2 ha-1.Mean volume of trees with >10 cm diameter is 15.50 m3 ha-1; mean total tree biomass is 120.81 tons ha-1.The mean carbon stock is 57.385 tons ha-1 and extrapolated biomass and carbon content for linear structures are 0.176 Mt and 0.083 Mt respectively. The carbon sequestration potential of trees outside forests of Anantapuramu district is estimated at 0.304 Mt.

Warming effects on biomass allocation are jointly regulated by precipitation and mycorrhizal association in terrestrial plants

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuhui Zhou ◽  
Lingyan Zhou ◽  
Yanghui He ◽  
Yuling Fu ◽  
Zhenggang Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Allocation ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Mean Annual Precipitation ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Terrestrial Plants ◽  
Terrestrial Carbon ◽  
Shoot Ratio ◽  
Root Shoot Ratio ◽  
Mycorrhizal Association

Abstract Biomass allocation in plants is fundamental for understanding and predicting terrestrial carbon storage. Recent studies suggest that climate warming can differentially affect root and shoot biomass, and subsequently alter root: shoot ratio. However, warming effects on root: shoot ratio and their underlying drivers at a global scale remain unclear. Using a global synthesis of >300 studies, we here show that warming significantly increases biomass allocation to roots (by 13.1%), and two factors drive this response: mean annual precipitation of the site, and the type of mycorrhizal fungi associated with a plant. Warming-induced allocation to roots is greater in relatively drier habitats compared to shoots (by 15.1%), but lower in wetter sites (by 4.9%), especially for plants associated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi compared to ectomycorrhizal fungi. Root-biomass responses to warming predominantly determine the biomass allocation in terrestrial plants suggesting that warming can reinforce the importance of belowground resource uptake. Our study highlights that the wetness or dryness of a site and plants’ mycorrhizal associations strongly regulate terrestrial carbon cycle by altering biomass allocation strategies in a warmer world.

Inoptimality losses in forest management decisions caused by errors in an inventory based on airborne laser scanning and aerial photographs

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (12) ◽  
pp. 2427-2438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Nurul Islam ◽  
Mikko Kurttila ◽  
Lauri Mehtätalo ◽  
Timo Pukkala
Keyword(s):  
Input Data ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Airborne Laser Scanning ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
Inventory Data ◽  
Airborne Laser ◽  
Mean Diameter ◽  
The Mean

Errors in inventory data may lead to inoptimal decisions that ultimately result in financial losses for forest owners. We estimated the expected monetary losses resulting from data errors that are similar to errors in laser-based forest inventory. The mean loss was estimated for 67 stands by simulating 100 realizations of inventory data for each stand with errors that mimic those in airborne laser scanning (ALS) based inventory. These realizations were used as input data in stand management optimization, which maximized the present value of all future net incomes (NPV). The inoptimality loss was calculated as the difference between the NPV of the optimal solution and the true NPV of the solution obtained with erroneous input data. The results showed that the mean loss exceeded €300·ha–1 (US$425·ha–1) in 84% of the stands. On average, the losses increased with decreasing stand age and mean diameter. Furthermore, increasing errors in the basal area weighted mean diameter and basal area of spruce were found to significantly increase the loss. It has been discussed that improvements in the accuracy of ALS-based inventory could be financially justified.

scholarly journals The Micro-Geometry Evaluation on Steel Sheets after Chemical Surface Treatment

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-25
Author(s):  
Dagmar Draganovská ◽  
Miroslav Tomáš ◽  
Peter Ižol
Keyword(s):  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Steel Sheet ◽  
Unit Length ◽  
Mean Deviation ◽  
Maximum Height ◽  
Chemical Surface ◽  
Steel Sheets ◽  
Mean Width ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Metal Materials

Abstract The protection of metal materials by coatings is one of the most important way to protect the surface against corrosion. Galvanisation of metal surfaces by an electric current is one of the most frequent way of surface treatment due to its wide application. The paper is oriented to the evaluation of the surface quality in terms of micro-geometry. The basic surface of the steel sheet S235JRG2 has been evaluted and compared to the degreased one, galvanized one and surface after galvanizing, chromatizing and phosphating. The microgeometry parameters such as the arithmetical mean deviation Ra, the maximum height of profile Rz, the total height of profile Rt as well as the the mean width of the profile elements RSm and the number of peaks per unit length RPc has been compared.

scholarly journals Shell Growth Pattern and Percentage Flesh Yield of the West African Clam, Galatea paradoxa (Born, 1778) from Itu Creek, Niger Delta Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-126
Author(s):  
V.F. Akinjogunla ◽  
R.O. Moruf
Keyword(s):  
Growth Pattern ◽  
Niger Delta ◽  
Shell Growth ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Maximum Height ◽  
Maximum Width ◽  
Shell Weight ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Galatea Paradoxa

Shell Morphometry is a fundamental tool for the evaluation of phenotypic stocks. The shell growth pattern and percentage flesh yield of Galatea paradoxa from Itu Creek in Niger Delta were investigated using standard morphometric methods. The mean in centimeter (cm) of 9.71±0.09, 35.02±0.22, 23.21±0.12, 37.11±0.25, 29.31±0.16 and 7.32±0.04 were recorded for shell length, maximum width, maximum height, nacre length, nacre width and hinge length respectively. Mean live weight of 115.70±1.09 g, mean flesh weight of 37.91 ± 0.23g and mean shell weight of 66.82±0.97 g were recorded for this species. Galatea paradoxa showed negative allometric growth (b < 3) while the correlation coefficients (r) in all the shell variables were far below „1‟, indicating a week correlation between the parameters. About 19% of the live weight of the clam is made up of flesh by weight. Keywords: Bivalve, Clam, Shell dimension, Niger Delta.

scholarly journals P1646SURVIVAL OF KIDNEY TRANSPLANTS ACCORDING TO PRESENCE OF HLA ANTIBODIES WHEN DONORSPECIFIC ANTIBODIES ARE SCREENED DURING POSTTRANSPLANT FOLLOW-UP

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Inge Derad ◽  
Johanna Busch ◽  
Martin Nitschke ◽  
Malte Ziemann
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Graft Survival ◽  
Graft Loss ◽  
Immunosuppressive Regimen ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Hla Antibodies ◽  
Transplant Survival ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background and Aims Posttransplant kidney survival depends on several risk factors. A careful immunogenetic matching and the absence of HLA donor specific antibodies (DSA) seem to determine the longevity of the transplant. Method Screening the presence of donor specific HLA antibodies in our posttransplant outpatients was implemented in 2010 (every 6 months in case of DSA free patients for two years, then yearly, and every 3 months in case of DSA + patients for two years, then twice a year). At the same time a treatment protocol was implemented, omitting reduction of immunosuppressive drugs in case of newly detected DSA, and most important with preventing steroid withdrawal in this case.The present single center study reports the long-term survival and kidney function from patients undergoing HLA-screening after transplantation between 2010 and 2016 with a follow-up until 2018. Using a Kaplan-Meier analysis patients without HLA antibodies (no HLA-ab), with HLA antibodies but without DSA (NDSA), and with donor-specific HLA antibodies (DSA) were compared by logrank-testing. Results A full dataset was obtained from 318 patients. The mean overall survival (patients and organ function) didn´t differ between the three groups, p=0.318: no HLA-ab 7.2 years (95%confidence interval 6.7;7.6), NDSA 6.6 (5.9;7.2), DSA 6.8 (6.1;7.5), overall 7.0 (6.6;7.3), events are given in Table1. Whereas the mean patient survival didn´t differ between the groups (p=0.715), the mean death-censored graft survival differed significantly, p=0.008, with a reduced transplant survival in the patients with HLA antibodies but without donorspecific antibodies: no HLA-ab 8.0 years (95%confidence interval 7.7;8.3), NDSA 7.0 (6.4;7.6), DSA 7.6 (7.1;8.2), overall 7.7 (7.4;8.0), numbers are given in Table1. Conclusion In conclusion, the presence of HLA antibodies was associated with a reduced transplant survival. Patients with HLA antibodies had a worse survival than patients with DSA undergoing HLA screening with a personalised immunosuppressive regimen. Immunosuppressive regimen of the groups, as well as other known risk factors of graft survival have to be further analysed. The results of these multivariate analyses have to be awaited to determine whether the risk for graft loss inferred by HLA antibodies is independent from other factors.

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