scholarly journals Evaluation of p-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate Dioxygenase-inhibiting Herbicides for Controlling Mugwort

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 433-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
William E. Klingeman ◽  
Gregory R. Armel ◽  
Henry P. Wilson ◽  
Thomas E. Hines ◽  
Jose J. Vargas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Photosystem Ii ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Artemisia Vulgaris ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Invasive Weed ◽  
Row Crops ◽  
Herbicide Atrazine ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

Mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris) is a perennial invasive weed species that has infiltrated row crops, turfgrass, ornamentals, and various noncrop areas. Currently, multiple mimics of indole-3-acetic acid can provide control of this species; however, these herbicides can damage certain sensitive ornamental plants. When applied at reduced rates, the p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD)-inhibiting herbicides mesotrione and topramezone have demonstrated some selectivity among certain ornamental plants. Field and greenhouse studies were initiated to evaluate whether these herbicides could control mugwort when applied alone, or in mixtures with photosystem II (PSII)-inhibiting herbicides that often provide synergistic weed control. In the field, mesotrione controlled mugwort between 30% and 60% by 21 days after treatment when applied at 0.093 to 0.187 lb/acre. When the PSII-inhibiting herbicide atrazine was added, control increased to 78% and 79%. In the greenhouse, similar rates produced greater control in mugwort, and all mesotrione treatments limited mugwort regrowth by at least 95% when compared with untreated control. When HPPD inhibitor rates were reduced further, the addition of the PSII inhibitors atrazine or bentazon was not sufficient at providing acceptable control of mugwort.

scholarly journals Trumpetcreeper Control with Various Indole-3-Acetic Acid Mimics and Diflufenzopyr

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 677-681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph E. Beeler ◽  
Gregory R. Armel ◽  
James T. Brosnan ◽  
Jose J. Vargas ◽  
William E. Klingeman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Row Crops ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

Trumpetcreeper (Campsis radicans) is a native, perennial, weedy vine of pastures, row crops, fence rows, and right-of-ways throughout most of the eastern United States. Field and greenhouse studies were conducted in 2008 and 2009 near Newport, TN, and in Knoxville, TN, to evaluate aminocyclopyrachlor-methyl and aminopyralid alone and in mixtures with 2,4-D and diflufenzopyr for selective trumpetcreeper control when applied postemergence in an abandoned nursery. These treatments were compared with commercial standards of dicamba and a prepackaged mixture of triclopyr plus 2,4-D. In the field, aminocyclopyrachlor-methyl alone controlled trumpetcreeper 77% to 93%, while aminopyralid alone only controlled trumpetcreeper 0% to 20% by 12 months after treatment (MAT). The addition of diflufenzopyr or 2,4-D to aminocyclopyrachlor-methyl did not improve trumpetcreeper control in the field; however, the addition of 2,4-D to aminopyralid improved control of trumpetcreeper from 50% to 58%. All aminocyclopyrachlor-methyl treatments controlled trumpetcreeper greater than or equal to dicamba and the prepackaged mixture of triclopyr plus 2,4-D. In the greenhouse, aminocyclopyrachlor and aminocyclopyrachlor-methyl applied at 8.75 to 35 g·ha−1 controlled trumpetcreeper 58% to 72% by 1 MAT. When both herbicides were applied at 70 g·ha−1, aminocyclopyrachlor controlled trumpetcreeper 64%, while aminocyclopyrachlor-methyl controlled trumpetcreeper 99%, similar to dicamba.

Assessment of allelopathic compounds to develop new natural herbicides : A review

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-40
Author(s):  
Mst. Motmainna ◽  
Abdul Shukor B ◽  
Juraimi Md. Kamal Uddin ◽  
Norhayu Binti Asib ◽  
AKM Mominul Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Programme ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Invasive Weed ◽  
Natural Herbicides ◽  
Germination And Growth ◽  
Weed Resistance ◽  
Allelopathic Compounds

Herbicides are a crucial tool for weed control in crops. However, their continuous and indiscriminate uses have caused environmental pollution and development of weed resistance. Hence, there is an urgent need to minimise the dependence on synthetic herbicides. Allelopathy may be used to develop new bioherbicides to inhibit germination and growth of weeds. There is a great potential to develop eco-friendly herbicides from plants, but little research has been done so far in this context. Identification and quantification of natural weed control compounds (allelochemicals) of plants may help to develop natural herbicides (based on indigenous/invasive weed species), to reduce the dependence on synthetic herbicides and improve the integrated weed management programme in crops. This review describes thepotential allelochemicals present in plants, which may be used as a tool to develop new natural herbicides.

Pathogens as Mechanisms for Integrated Weed Management

Weed Science ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 30 (S1) ◽  
pp. 30-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. C. Quimby ◽  
H. L. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Control Technology ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Row Crops ◽  
The Cost

A need exists to manage or manipulate plant pathogens for biocontrol of weeds in row crops. Many weed species remain refractory to conventional weed-control technology. Some of these weeds occur in the same families as important crops and are resistant or tolerant to many of the herbicides that are applied for weed control within those crops. Preemergence treatments are needed for some weed species for which only postemergence treatments are now available. The cost of controlling some weeds is so prohibitive that many farmers will not spend the necessary money; therefore, more economical control is needed.

scholarly journals (89) A New Granular Herbicide for Container, Landscape, and Field-grown Ornamentals

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1042D-1042
Author(s):  
Randy Smith ◽  
Darin Lickfeldt ◽  
Dan Loughner ◽  
Mike Melichar ◽  
James Breuninger
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Ornamental Plant ◽  
Weed Seed ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Lawn Care ◽  
Trade Name ◽  
Leaf Surfaces ◽  
Experimental Number ◽  
Current Standards

In 2003 and 2004, a new herbicide containing three active ingredients was evaluated for efficacy on important weed species and the tolerance of popular ornamental plant species. Currently available ornamental herbicides differ greatly in the weeds they control and tolerance of ornamental plants grown in production nurseries. This new granular product, trade name Showcase, also known by its experimental number, GF-1162, contains 2% trifluralin, 0.25% isoxaben, and 0.25% oxyfluorfen. With preemergent applications applied to pots artificially infested with weed seed, GF-1162 demonstrated exceptional control of many difficult to control species, such as spurge, groundsel, bittercress, oxalis, and crabgrass. When applied preemergence at 150 lb/acre, GF-1162 was as efficacious as current standards. At 200 lb/acre, weed control was exceptional, exceeding all products included in the trials. Ornamental tolerance to GF-1162 was comparable to that of Snapshot TG, with the exception of whorled plants. On whorled plants, such as daylily and hosta, where granular products can be retained on leaf surfaces, products containing oxyfluorfen must be applied with special precautions to immediately shake or wash granules from leaf surfaces. Even when whorled plants were injured by GF-1162, they did eventually recover. GF-1162 received a federal registration in 2004 and state registrations may be complete as early as Spring 2005, at which time this new herbicide would be made available to ornamental nurseries and lawn care companies as an alternative to current herbicide options.

Evaluation of Pethoxamid-Containing Weed Control Programs in Drill-seeded Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 544-549
Author(s):  
John Godwin ◽  
Jason K. Norsworthy ◽  
Robert C. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
Row Crops ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Herbicide Programs

AbstractHerbicide resistance to several of the most common weed species in US rice production, such as barnyardgrass and red rice, has made weed control extremely difficult with available herbicide options. No very-long-chain fatty acid–inhibiting herbicides are labeled for use in US rice; however, pethoxamid is one such herbicide under development for soil-applied use to control grasses and small-seeded broadleaves in rice and various row crops. Field trials were conducted in 2015 and 2016 near Stuttgart, AR, for rice tolerance and in 2016 near Colt, AR, and Lonoke, AR, for weed control with the use of pethoxamid-containing rice herbicide programs. Pethoxamid was applied alone and in a program at 420 and 560 g ai ha–1 with other herbicides labeled in rice including clomazone, quinclorac, propanil, imazethapyr, and carfentrazone POST. Injury less than 10% was seen for all treatments 2 wk after application in 2015 and 2016, except for pethoxamid at 420 g ha–1 to clomazone to one-leaf rice. Rice injury dissipated to less than 5% following all treatments by 4 wk after flood establishment. Barnyardgrass was controlled 95% or more near Colt and 93% or more near Lonoke for herbicide programs including clomazone PRE followed by pethoxamid plus quinclorac or imazethapyr at three- to four-leaf stage rice. Considering the minimal injury and high levels of barnyardgrass control associated with pethoxamid-containing weed control programs, pethoxamid provides a unique and effective site of action for use in US rice production.

scholarly journals Pre- and Postemergence Herbicide Tolerance of Tropical Fimbry, a Native Hawaiian Sedge with Potential Use for Roadside Revegetation

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-130
Author(s):  
Orville C. Baldos ◽  
Joseph DeFrank ◽  
Glenn Sakamoto
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Herbicide Tolerance ◽  
Plant Establishment ◽  
Plant Mortality ◽  
Foliar Injury ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Postemergence Herbicides ◽  
Potential Use

Tropical fimbry (Fimbristylis cymosa) is a salt, wind, and drought tolerant sedge under consideration as a native roadside revegetation species in Hawaii. Multiple rate studies were conducted on transplanted tropical fimbry plugs to identify pre- and postemergence herbicides that are safe for selective weed control during plant establishment. The response of newly transplanted tropical fimbry plugs to applications [1 and 44 days after transplanting (DAT)] of oxadiazon (2.0 and 4.0 lb/acre), oryzalin (2.0 and 4.0 lb/acre), and oxadiazon + oryzalin (2.0 + 2.0 and 4.0 + 4.0 lb/acre) were evaluated at 212 DAT through visual vigor ratings and seedhead counts. Response of established transplants to the postemergence broadleaf herbicides, aminopyralid (0.06 and 0.11 lb/acre) sulfosulfuron (0.06 lb/acre), prepackaged mixes of carfentrazone-ethyl + (4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)acetic acid (MCPA) + mecoprop + dicamba (0.02 + 1.11 + 0.22 + 0.11 lb/acre), and carfentrazone-ethyl + 2,4-D + mecoprop + dicamba (0.02 + 0.77 + 0.24 + 0.07 lb/acre) were evaluated through visual vigor ratings 35 days after spraying (DAS). Results of the preemergence study indicate that low rates of oxadiazon and oryzalin provided an acceptable level of growth suppression to the sedge (>60% visual vigor). Postemergence applications of the prepackaged formulations of carfentrazone-ethyl resulted in moderate to high foliar injury (46% to 74%) and plant mortality (17% to 23%). Plants treated with sulfosulfuron showed signs of stunting (visual vigor of 36%), but exhibited the least foliar injury (16%) and no mortality. Plants treated with high and low recommended rates of aminopyralid exhibited very low injury ratings (1% to 2%) at 35 DAS. Results obtained from these preliminary studies identified oxadiazon, oryzalin, and aminopyralid as potentially safe for controlling weed species in transplanted tropical fimbry.

A Recirculating Spray System for Postemergence Weed Control in Row Crops

Weed Science ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. G. McWhorter
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Sorghum Halepense ◽  
Gravity Flow ◽  
Row Crops ◽  
Spray System ◽  
Excellent Control ◽  
Treatment Use ◽  
Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid

A recirculating sprayer was developed for applying herbicides in row crops to weeds taller than the crop. Herbicide solutions are applied through solid stream nozzles above and at right angles to the rows, so that a trap collects herbicide spray not deposited on weeds. Trapped solution is returned to the original spray tank by gravity flow. Good to excellent control of pigweed (Amaranthus spp.), cocklebur (Xanthium spp.), and sesbania (Sesbania spp.) was obtained with (2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid (2,4-D) while monosodium methanearsonate (MSMA) effectively controlled johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers.). The better treatments increased the harvested yields of soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merr., var. Lee) 6 to 8 bu/A when weed infestations were severe at time of treatment. Use of the sprayer permits treatment with herbicides normally considered too toxic to crops, and reduces costs through recovery of most of the herbicide solution that is not intercepted by weeds.

scholarly journals Mugwort Control in an Abandoned Nursery Using Herbicides That Mimic Indole-3-Acetic Acid

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 558-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca M. Koepke-Hill ◽  
Gregory R. Armel ◽  
William E. Klingeman ◽  
Mark A. Halcomb ◽  
Jose J. Vargas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Visual Control ◽  
Artemisia Vulgaris ◽  
Greenhouse Study ◽  
Excellent Control ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid ◽  
Current Standards

Field and greenhouse studies were conducted to determine if two indole-3-acetic acid herbicide mimics, aminopyralid and aminocyclopyrachlor-methyl, applied at 70, 140, and 280 g·ha−1 postemergence (POST) would control mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris) in an abandoned nursery. These were compared with the commercial standards picloram at 280 g·ha−1 a.i. and clopyralid at 280 g·ha−1. In the field study, picloram and clopyralid controlled mugwort 75% and 31% by 365 days after treatment (DAT), respectively. In contrast, aminopyralid and aminocyclopyrachlor-methyl applied at 140 g·ha−1 controlled mugwort over 90% by 365 DAT. In the greenhouse study, aminopyralid and aminocyclopyrachlor-methyl applied at 140 g·ha−1 controlled mugwort 92% and 96% respectively, although aminopyralid at 70 g·ha−1 provided better visual control (94%) in comparison with aminocyclopyrachlor-methyl (79%) at 70 g·ha−1. Regardless, following shoot growth removal at 30 DAT, mugwort failed to regrow by 60 DAT following exposures to all rates of both herbicides. On the basis of these studies, aminopyralid and aminocyclopyrachlor-methyl have potential to provide excellent control of mugwort compared with the current standards clopyralid and picloram.

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