Performance of Hazelnut Cultivars from Oregon, Italy, and Spain, in Northeastern Spain

Eleven hazelnut (Corylus avellana) cultivars, four Spanish (Clon La Masó, Negret N-9, Negret Primerenc, and Pauetet), four Italian (San Giovanni, Tonda Italiana, Tonda di Giffoni, and Tonda Romana), and three cultivars from Oregon State University’s (OSU) breeding program (Clark, Lewis, and Willamette), were evaluated in northeastern Spain over a period of 15 years (2001–14). The trial was planted at the Institute of Agriculture and Food Research and Technology (IRTA)-Mas de Bover Station (Constantí, Spain) in 2001, using own-rooted material, in single-trunk, 6 × 3.5-m spacing, and fitted with drip irrigation. Tree vigor, sucker production, early bearing, and total crop were recorded during the first 9 years. Nut traits were studied over 7 years and nutritional composition analyzed in 3 years. The best agronomic performance was observed in ‘San Giovanni’, ‘Pauetet’, ‘Clon La Masó’, and ‘Tonda Italiana’ that scored the highest total crop and canopy volume, but ‘San Giovanni’ and ‘Clon La Masó’ produced a high number of suckers. The best industrial value of the kernel was given by ‘Tonda di Giffoni’, ‘Negret N-9’, ‘Willamette’, and ‘Clark’ with high roasting aptitude and high fat content, although ‘Negret N-9’ was a little poor in monounsaturated fatty acids. The three cultivars from the Oregon breeding program had good agronomic behavior and industrial potential, but were not an improvement on the traditional Mediterranean cultivars.

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Assessment of Chemical, Physico-Chemical and Sensorial Properties of Frankfurter-Type Sausages Added with Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.), Extracts

Proceedings ◽

10.3390/foods_2020-07690 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 70 (1) ◽

pp. 73

Author(s):

Anna Judith Perez-Baez ◽

Juan Pedro Camou ◽

Martin Valenzuela-Melendres ◽

Raquel Lucas-Gonzalez ◽

Manuel Viuda-Martos

Keyword(s):

Meat Product ◽

Control Sample ◽

Proximate Analysis ◽

Nutritional Composition ◽

Meat Industry ◽

Hibiscus Sabdariffa ◽

High Fat ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Residual Nitrite ◽

Emulsified Meat

Frankfurters are the most widespread type of emulsified meat product in the world. However, they could be considered unhealthy due to their high-fat content (15–30%). The meat industry wishes to change the perception of these products by reformulating them. One strategy is increasing the content of compounds considered beneficial for human health. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the chemical, physico-chemical, and sensorial properties of Frankfurter-type sausages added with roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.), extracts. Frankfurter-type sausages were made following a traditional formula. Three different formulations were prepared. The original mixture was used as a control sample (CS). The other samples were formulated by adding roselle extract at 4.08% (FRE4) and 8.17% (FRE8). For proximate analysis, no statistical differences were found between FRE4 and FRE8 and CS. However, the residual nitrite levels decreased from 88.41 mg NaNO2/kg in CS to 86.31 and 69.82 mg NaNO2/kg in FRE4 and FRE8, respectively. Regarding the sensory analysis of the frankfurters, CS and FRE4 samples generally scored significantly higher than FRE8 for all the parameters considered. This study suggests that the reformulation of Frankfurter-type sausages using roselle extracts is feasible and represents a viable alternative to improve the safety and the nutritional composition of the product.

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The role of citizen science in addressing grand challenges in food and agriculture research

Proceedings of The Royal Society B Biological Sciences ◽

10.1098/rspb.2018.1977 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 285 (1891) ◽

pp. 20181977 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

S. F. Ryan ◽

N. L. Adamson ◽

A. Aktipis ◽

L. K. Andersen ◽

R. Austin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Urban Communities ◽

Citizen Science ◽

Food Systems ◽

The United States ◽

Food Science ◽

Grand Challenges ◽

Food Research ◽

Food And Agriculture ◽

Science Projects ◽

Agriculture And Food

The power of citizen science to contribute to both science and society is gaining increased recognition, particularly in physics and biology. Although there is a long history of public engagement in agriculture and food science, the term ‘citizen science’ has rarely been applied to these efforts. Similarly, in the emerging field of citizen science, most new citizen science projects do not focus on food or agriculture. Here, we convened thought leaders from a broad range of fields related to citizen science, agriculture, and food science to highlight key opportunities for bridging these overlapping yet disconnected communities/fields and identify ways to leverage their respective strengths. Specifically, we show that (i) citizen science projects are addressing many grand challenges facing our food systems, as outlined by the United States National Institute of Food and Agriculture, as well as broader Sustainable Development Goals set by the United Nations Development Programme, (ii) there exist emerging opportunities and unique challenges for citizen science in agriculture/food research, and (iii) the greatest opportunities for the development of citizen science projects in agriculture and food science will be gained by using the existing infrastructure and tools of Extension programmes and through the engagement of urban communities. Further, we argue there is no better time to foster greater collaboration between these fields given the trend of shrinking Extension programmes, the increasing need to apply innovative solutions to address rising demands on agricultural systems, and the exponential growth of the field of citizen science.

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Markedly raised intake of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids in rats on a high-fat ketogenic diet does not inhibit carbon recycling of13C-α-linolenate

Lipids ◽

10.1007/s11745-006-5046-1 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 41 (10) ◽

pp. 933-935 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Ameer Y. Taha ◽

Mary Ann Ryan ◽

Stephen C. Cunnane

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Ketogenic Diet ◽

Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

High Fat ◽

Carbon Recycling

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Agromorphological Characterization of a Collection of Senna obtusifolia (L.) in Burkina Faso

Annual Research & Review in Biology ◽

10.9734/arrb/2021/v36i1130447 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 26-35

Author(s):

Haoua Nacambo ◽

Kiswendsida Romaric Nanema ◽

Boureima Sawadogo ◽

Mahamadou Sawadogo

Keyword(s):

Burkina Faso ◽

Quantitative Traits ◽

Breeding Program ◽

Block Type ◽

Agronomic Performance ◽

Herbaceous Species ◽

Senna Obtusifolia ◽

Subsaharan Africa ◽

Several Variables

Aims: Senna obtusifolia (L.) is an important wild herbaceous species for subsaharan Africa population. It is used in human food and traditional medicine to treat several deseases. In Burkina Faso, despite its potentialities, this species is of a little interest in scientific research. The aim of this study is to provide a good knowledge of the genetic diversity of this species. Study Design: The experimental design used was a randomized Fischer block type with three replications. Place and Duration of the Study: The study was carried out at Gampéla during 2018 rainy season. Methodology: Seventy (70) accessions of Senna obtusifolia were used for the evaluation of agromorphological variability. A total of twenty-seven (27) quantitative traits were studied. Results: The study revealed the existence of a great variability within the studied collection. Among the twenty-one (21) traits used for the analysis of variance (ANOVA), seventeen (17) variables significantly discriminate the accessions. A high heterogeneity was observed for the number of leaflets of the three first leaves and the number of floral pieces. In addition, significant correlations were observed between several variables. Indeed, the number of primary branches was positively correlated with the number of fruits per plant (r = 0.483), the number of grains per plant (r = 0.352) and the leaves biomass (r = 0.279). However, the number of days at flowering (NJF) is negatively correlated with the number of primary branches (r = -0.281). The variability obtained was structured in three groups. The third group is composed of accessions with the best agronomic performance that could be used in future breeding program. Conclusion: A high agromorphological diversity of Senna obtusifolia was observed and could be used in a breeding program.

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Meat Quality and Sensory Traits of Finisher Broiler Chickens Fed with Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia Illucens L.) Larvae Fat as Alternative Fat Source

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani9040140 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 140 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Marco Cullere ◽

Achille Schiavone ◽

Sihem Dabbou ◽

Laura Gasco ◽

Antonella Dalle Zotte

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Soybean Oil ◽

Meat Quality ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Control Diet ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Nutritional Composition ◽

Sensory Profile ◽

Hermetia Illucens

At present, there is limited knowledge about the possible utilization of the fat fraction derived from Hermetia illucens (HI) larvae processing. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the replacement of soybean oil with HI larvae fat in broiler finisher diet, on the quality and sensory traits of their meat. At 21 days of age, 120 male broiler chickens were randomly allocated to three experimental groups (5 replicates and 8 birds/pen): a basal control diet (C), and two groups in which either 50% or 100% of the soybean oil was replaced with HI larvae fat (the HI50 and HI100 group, respectively). At day 48, 15 birds (3 birds/pen) per group were slaughtered, and breasts and legs were excised and used for meat quality evaluations. Breast and leg physical meat quality, nutritional composition and sensory profile remained substantially unaffected by the dietary treatments. In contrast, the dietary incorporation of HI larvae fat modified the fatty acid (FA) profile of both the breast and leg meat cuts: the proportion of saturated fatty acids increased (p < 0.0001) to the detriment of the polyunsaturated (PUFA) fraction (p < 0.0001). Moreover, the meat n-6/n-3 ratio increased in the HI50 and HI100 groups compared to the C group. HI larvae fat dietary inclusion decreased the monounsaturated fatty acids in the breast (p = 0.0012) but not in the leg meat. Further research should focus on the improvement of the FA profile of the larvae through substrate modulation, or by combining HI larvae with a PUFA-rich feedstuff in feed formulations.

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A Hazelnut-Enriched Diet Modulates Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Gene Expression without Weight Gain

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity ◽

10.1155/2019/4683723 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Laura Di Renzo ◽

Giorgia Cioccoloni ◽

Sergio Bernardini ◽

Ludovico Abenavoli ◽

Vincenzo Aiello ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Body Composition ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Corylus Avellana ◽

Composition Analysis ◽

Antioxidant Genes ◽

Body Composition Analysis ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Corylus Avellana L

Introduction. Inflammation is associated with obesity condition and plays a pivotal role in the onset and progression of many chronic diseases. Among several nutraceutical foods, hazelnuts (Corylus avellana L.) are considered an excellent anti-inflammatory and hypolipidemic food being the second richest source of monounsaturated fatty acids among nuts and because they are rich in vitamins, minerals, and phenolic compounds. Materials and Methods. A prospective pilot clinical trial on 24 healthy volunteers who consumed daily, as a snack, 40 g of hazelnuts (261.99 kcal/1096.17 kJ) for six weeks was conducted. Anthropometric measurements, body composition analysis, and nutrigenomic analysis on 12 anti-inflammatory and antioxidant genes were evaluated at baseline (T0) and after hazelnut intervention (T1). Results. No significant changes were detected on body composition analysis after hazelnut consumption. Conversely, significant upregulation was detected for SOD1 (2−ΔΔCt=2.42), CAT (2−ΔΔCt=2.41), MIF (2−ΔΔCt=4.12), PPARγ (2−ΔΔCt=5.89), VDR (2−ΔΔCt=3.61), MTHFR (2−ΔΔCt=2.40), and ACE (2−ΔΔCt=2.16) at the end of the study. Conclusions. According to emerging evidences, hazelnut consumption does not lead to weight gain probably due to the improvement of the body’s antioxidant capacity by the upregulation of genes implied in oxidant reactions and inflammation.

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