scholarly journals Ethylene Evolution and 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate Oxidase Gene Expression during Early Development and Ripening of Peach Fruit

1997 ◽  
Vol 122 (5) ◽  
pp. 642-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pietro Tonutti ◽  
Claudio Bonghi ◽  
Benedetto Ruperti ◽  
Giovanni Battista Tornielli ◽  
Angelo Ramina
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Ethylene Biosynthesis ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Acid Oxidase ◽  
Ethylene Evolution ◽  
Peach Fruit ◽  
Oxidase Gene ◽  
Weak Accumulation

The rate of ethylene biosynthesis was monitored throughout the four stages (S1, S2, S3, and S4) of peach (Prunus persica L. Batsch `Springcrest') fruit development. The highest values of ethylene production were detected during the early S1 and at ripening. During S1, the increase in the evolution of ethylene was accompanied by high activity of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase (ACO). A weak accumulation of ACO mRNA was detected in developing fruitlets, indicating that ACO may play a specific role in modulating the rate of ethylene biosynthesis during the early growth stage. When fruitlets harvested at S1 were flushed with propylene (500 mL·L-1) for 48 h, a two-fold increase of ethylene biosynthesis and a dramatic induction of ACO activity were observed. Treatment with the ethylene analogue greatly stimulated the expression of ACO gene(s). During ripening, the climacteric occurred when fruit had softened to ≈20 N. This process was preceded by an increase in ACC content and ACO activity in the mesocarp. ACO transcripts began to accumulate before the rise in whole-fruit ethylene biosynthesis with peak levels coincident with the climacteric when the highest values of ACO activity were detected. Propylene greatly enhanced ACO gene expression and stimulated the ripening-associated ethylene climacteric. ACO-related transcripts also accumulated in fruit treated with nitrogen for 72 hours.

scholarly journals Ethylene Biosynthesis during Peach Fruit Development

1991 ◽  
Vol 116 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Tonutti ◽  
P. Casson ◽  
A. Ramina
Keyword(s):  
Carboxylic Acid ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Acc Synthase ◽  
Ethylene Biosynthesis ◽  
Full Bloom ◽  
Ethylene Evolution ◽  
Peach Fruit ◽  
Stages Of Growth ◽  
Acc Content

Ethylene evolution and ACC levels were determined throughout the growth and development of peach fruit (Prunus persica L. Batsch cv. Redhaven). In the four stages of growth (I, II, III, IV), as indicated by weekly monitoring of fresh (FW) and dry (DW) weight accumulation, ethylene biosynthesis in whole fruit decreased during FWI and remained almost undetectable during FWII and FWIII. In pericarp disks, ethylene evolution followed the same trend, although a peak at 78 days after full bloom and a slight increase before the onset of the climacteric were observed. The high rates of ethylene evolution were associated with a concurrent increase in ACC content. Enhancement of ACC synthase and ethylene-forming enzyme (EFE) activities was responsible for the peak of ethylene evolution detected before the beginning of FWIII and DWIII. At the climacteric, which occurred at the FWIII-FWIV transition, sequential events were observed in different fruit tissues. An increase of ethylene production in the mesocarp preceded the onset of the climacteric rise in whole fruit. The high amount of ethylene detected during the climacteric appeared to be related to increased EFE activity in the epicarp. Chemical name used: 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC).

EXPRESSION OF PCH313 DURING FRUIT SOFTENING AND TISSUE WOUNDING

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1130G-1131
Author(s):  
Ann M. Callahan ◽  
Peter H. Morgens ◽  
Reuben A. Cohen ◽  
Ken E. Nichols ◽  
Ralph Scorza
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Fruit Softening ◽  
Related Gene ◽  
Peach Fruit ◽  
Fruit Tissue ◽  
Sequence Identity ◽  
Tomato Gene ◽  
Rna Accumulation

We are interested in identifying and isolating genes which affect the rate of softening in peach fruit. It may be possible through the engineering of these genes to delay or extend the softening. This could ultimately allow for the harvest and transport of more mature, higher quality fruit. The clone, pch313, was isolated from a ripe peach fruit cDNA library. RNA homologous to this clone is detected at a low abundance in fruit until softening when a >100 fold increase in abundance of the RNA occurs. Pch313 RNA is also detected 30 min after wounding leaf or fruit tissue and peaks in accumulation within 2-8 hours. Wound ethylene was measured from the same tissue and its rate of evolution paralleled the accumulation of the RNA. The cDNA was sequenced and found to have 78% sequence identity with pTom13, a tomato gene that is expressed during fruit ripening and wounding (Holdsworth et al., NAR 15:731-739, 1987). To determine the universality of pch313 related gene expression, RNA accumulation was measured in other fruits during softening, and in leaf tissue upon wounding.

scholarly journals Integrated analysis of lncRNA and mRNA transcriptomes reveals the potential regulatory role of lncRNA in kiwifruit ripening and softening

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiting Chen ◽  
Chunzhen Cheng ◽  
Xin Feng ◽  
Ruilian Lai ◽  
Minxia Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Noncoding Rna ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Ethylene Biosynthesis ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Integrated Analysis ◽  
Ethylene Response Factor ◽  
Acid Oxidase ◽  
Fruit Softening ◽  
Oxidase Gene

AbstractKiwifruit has gained increasing attention worldwide for its unique flavor and high nutritional value. Rapid softening after harvest greatly shortens its shelf-life and reduces the commercial value. Therefore, it is imperative and urgent to identify and clarify its softening mechanism. This study aimed to analyze and compare the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and mRNA expression patterns in ABA-treated (ABA) and room temperature (RT)-stored fruits with those in freshly harvested fruits (CK) as control. A total of 697 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 81 differentially expressed lncRNAs (DELs) were identified while comparing ABA with CK, and 458 DEGs and 143 DELs were detected while comparing RT with CK. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis of the identified DEGs and the target genes of DELs revealed that genes involved in starch and sucrose metabolism, brassinosteroid biosynthesis, plant hormone signal transduction, and flavonoid biosynthesis accounted for a large part. The co-localization networks, including 38 DEGs and 31 DELs in ABA vs. CK, and 25 DEGs and 25 DELs in RT vs. CK, were also performed. Genes related to fruit ripening, such as genes encoding β-galactosidase, mannan endo-1,4-β-mannosidase, pectinesterase/pectinesterase inhibitor, and NAC transcription factor, were present in the co-localization network, suggesting that lncRNAs were involved in regulating kiwifruit ripening. Notably, several ethylene biosynthesis- and signaling-related genes, including one 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase gene and three ethylene response factor genes, were found in the co-localization network of ABA vs. CK, suggesting that the promoting effect of ABA on ethylene biosynthesis and fruit softening might be embodied by increasing the expression of these lncRNAs. These results may help understand the regulatory mechanism of lncRNAs in ripening and ABA-induced fruit softening of kiwifruit.

scholarly journals The NAM/ATAF1/2/CUC2 transcription factor PpNAC.A59 enhances PpERF.A16 expression to promote ethylene biosynthesis during peach fruit ripening

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi-Hua Guo ◽  
You-Jia Zhang ◽  
Jia-Long Yao ◽  
Zhi-Hua Xie ◽  
Yu-Yan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Carboxylic Acid ◽  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Genetic Network ◽  
Ethylene Biosynthesis ◽  
Ethylene Response Factor ◽  
Acid Oxidase ◽  
Peach Fruit ◽  
Climacteric Fruit ◽  
Exogenous Ethylene

AbstractPeach is a typical climacteric fruit that releases ethylene during fruit ripening. Several studies have been conducted on the transcriptional regulation of ethylene biosynthesis in peach fruit. Herein, an ethylene response factor, PpERF.A16, which was induced by exogenous ethylene, could enhance ethylene biosynthesis by directly inducing the expression of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase (PpACS1) and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase (PpACO1) genes. Moreover, the NAM/ATAF1/2/CUC2 (NAC) transcription factor (TF) PpNAC.A59 was coexpressed with PpERF.A16 in all tested peach cultivars. Interestingly, PpNAC.A59 can directly interact with the promoter of PpERF.A16 to induce its expression but not enhance LUC activity driven by any promoter of PpACS1 or PpACO1. Thus, PpNAC.A59 can indirectly mediate ethylene biosynthesis via the NAC-ERF signaling cascade to induce the expression of both PpACS1 and PpACO1. These results enrich the genetic network of fruit ripening in peach and provide new insight into the ripening mechanism of other perennial fruits.

scholarly journals EXPRESSION OF PCH313 DURING FRUIT SOFTENING AND TISSUE WOUNDING

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1130g-1131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann M. Callahan ◽  
Peter H. Morgens ◽  
Reuben A. Cohen ◽  
Ken E. Nichols ◽  
Ralph Scorza
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Fruit Softening ◽  
Related Gene ◽  
Peach Fruit ◽  
Fruit Tissue ◽  
Sequence Identity ◽  
Tomato Gene ◽  
Rna Accumulation

We are interested in identifying and isolating genes which affect the rate of softening in peach fruit. It may be possible through the engineering of these genes to delay or extend the softening. This could ultimately allow for the harvest and transport of more mature, higher quality fruit. The clone, pch313, was isolated from a ripe peach fruit cDNA library. RNA homologous to this clone is detected at a low abundance in fruit until softening when a >100 fold increase in abundance of the RNA occurs. Pch313 RNA is also detected 30 min after wounding leaf or fruit tissue and peaks in accumulation within 2-8 hours. Wound ethylene was measured from the same tissue and its rate of evolution paralleled the accumulation of the RNA. The cDNA was sequenced and found to have 78% sequence identity with pTom13, a tomato gene that is expressed during fruit ripening and wounding (Holdsworth et al., NAR 15:731-739, 1987). To determine the universality of pch313 related gene expression, RNA accumulation was measured in other fruits during softening, and in leaf tissue upon wounding.

scholarly journals Diverse Functions of IAA-Leucine Resistant PpILR1 Provide a Genic Basis for Auxin-Ethylene Crosstalk During Peach Fruit Ripening

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaobei Wang ◽  
Junren Meng ◽  
Li Deng ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Hui Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Transcriptional Activator ◽  
Ethylene Biosynthesis ◽  
Acid Hydrolases ◽  
Peach Fruit ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Fruit Cultivation ◽  
Transgenic Tomato Plants ◽  
Functional Analyses

Auxin and ethylene play critical roles in the ripening of peach (Prunus persica) fruit; however, the interaction between these two phytohormones is complex and not fully understood. Here, we isolated a peach ILR gene, PpILR1, which encodes an indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)-amino hydrolase. Functional analyses revealed that PpILR1 acts as a transcriptional activator of 1-amino cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase (PpACS1), and hydrolyzes auxin substrates to release free auxin. When Cys137 was changed to Ser137, PpILR1 failed to show hydrolase activity but continued to function as a transcriptional activator of PpACS1 in tobacco and peach transient expression assays. Furthermore, transgenic tomato plants overexpressing PpILR1 exhibited ethylene- and strigolactone-related phenotypes, including premature pedicel abscission, leaf and petiole epinasty, and advanced fruit ripening, which are consistent with increased expression of genes involved in ethylene biosynthesis and fruit ripening, as well as suppression of branching and growth of internodes (related to strigolactone biosynthesis). Collectively, these results provide novel insights into the role of IAA-amino acid hydrolases in plants, and position the PpILR1 protein at the junction of auxin and ethylene pathways during peach fruit ripening. These results could have substantial implications on peach fruit cultivation and storage in the future.

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