scholarly journals Influence of the placental cord insertion site on the placental mass and the birth weight in dichorionic diamniotic twins

2021 ◽  
pp. 3-11
Author(s):  
Iryna Tepla
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Insertion Site ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Birth Weight Percentile ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Umbilical Cord Insertion

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of the displacement of the umbilical cord insertion site from the centre of the placenta on the placental mass and the birth weight of dichorionic diamniotic twins and to consider the importance of the direction of the displacement, as well as to assess the influence of the umbilical cord displacement on the placental mass and the birth weight of dichorionic diamniotic twins taking into account the direction of displacement. Material and methods. The study was performed on 135 dichorionic diamniotic pairs: 68 opposite-sex, 35 same-sex males, and 32 same-sex females. The impact of an absolute cord displacement from the centroid of the placental disc and the direction of its shifting were compared with the birth weight and the placental mass. Results. In the investigated group, a central insertion was revealed in 6 (2.2 %), eccentric – in 224 (83.0 %), marginal – in 31 (11.5 %), and velamentous – in 9 (3.3 %) cases. The first two types of cord insertion are considered to be normal, the third and the fourth are seen as abnormal. The placental mass was in a strong positive correlation with the birth weight (r=0.71, p<0.0001). The placentas with an eccentric cord insertion had a smaller surface area. A negative correlation was established between the displacement of the cord insertion site and the placental mass (r=-0.4284, p<0.0001) as well as the birth weight (r=-0.6115, p<0.0001). The shift along the long axis was of greater importance than in relation to the shorter one. The placental mass and the birth weight were higher in the new-borns with a normal cord insertion site. In the abnormal cord insertion group, 32.5 % of the infants were under the 10th birth weight percentile, in the normal cord insertion group – only 8.3 %. Conclusions. The birth weight of dichorionic diamniotic twins and their placental mass are negatively correlated with the distance of the umbilical cord insertion site from the placental centre. The insertion site displacement along the long axis has a stronger negative effect on the birth weight and the placental mass in comparison with the shifting along the short axis. The placentas with an eccentric cord insertion have a smaller surface area.

scholarly journals Influence of the Umbilical Cord Insertion Site on the Optimal Individual Birth Weight Achievement

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Brouillet ◽  
Anaïs Dufour ◽  
Fabien Prot ◽  
Jean-Jacques Feige ◽  
Véronique Equy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Insertion Site ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Individual Growth ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Term Neonates ◽  
Umbilical Cord Insertion ◽  
Singleton Pregnancies

Study Question. To determine whether the umbilical cord insertion site of singleton pregnancies could be linked to the newborn birth weight at term and its individual growth potential achievement.Material and Methods. A cohort study including 528 records of term neonates was performed. Each neonate was assessed for growth adjusted for gestational age according to the infant’s growth potential using the AUDIPOG module. We considered two categories of umbilical cord insertions: central and peripheral. Intrauterine growth restriction was defined as birth weight below the 10th percentile. Statistical analysis was performed using Chi-square, Student’sttest, Wilcoxon test, ANOVA, and logistic regression.Results. We observed a total of 343 centrally inserted cords versus 185 peripheral cords. There were twice as many smokers in the mothers of the peripheral category compared to the centrally inserted ones. More importantly, we demonstrated that only 17/343 (5.0%) of infants with central cord insertion were growth restricted, compared to 37/185 (20.0%) of the infants born with a peripheral insertion. Neonates with centrally inserted cord were significantly heavier.Conclusion. The umbilical cord insertion site of singleton pregnancies is associated with the newborn’s birth weight at term and its individual growth potential achievement.

Gross Placental Structure in a Low-Risk Population of Singleton, Term, First-Born Infants

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 200-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Coall ◽  
Adrian K. Charles ◽  
Carolyn M. Salafia
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Placental Weight ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Umbilical Cord Insertion ◽  
Placental Structure

Suboptimal fetal growth has been associated with an increased risk of adult disease, which may be exacerbated by an increased placental weight–to–fetal weight ratio. Placental weight is a summary measure of placental growth and development throughout pregnancy. However, measures of placental structure, including the chorionic disk surface area and thickness and eccentricity of the umbilical cord insertion, have been shown to account for additional variance in birth weight beyond that explained by placental weight. Little is known of the variability of these placental parameters in low-risk populations; their association with maternal, pregnancy, and neonatal characteristics; and the agreement between manual and digital measures. This study used manual and digital image analysis techniques to examine gross placental anatomy in 513 low-risk, singleton, term, first-born infants. Parametric methods compared groups and examined relationships among variables. Maternal birth weight, prepregnancy weight, and body mass index were associated with increased placental and birth weight (all P < 0.005), but only maternal birth weight was associated with increased placental surface area ( P < 0.0005) and thickness ( P = 0.005). Smoking during pregnancy reduced birth weight and increased the eccentricity of umbilical cord insertion ( P = 0.012 and 0.034, respectively). The variability in these placental parameters was consistently lower than that reported in the literature, and correlations between digital and manual measurements were reasonable ( r = .87–.71). Detailed analyses of gross placental structure can provide biologically relevant information regarding placental growth and development and, potentially, their consequences.

scholarly journals THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PLACENTAL GROWTH RATES AND THE BIRTH WEIGHT IN DICHORIONIC DIAMNIOTIC TWINS

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 66-75
Author(s):  
I.V. Tepla
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Multiple Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Opposite Sex ◽  
The Relationship

Relevance. Birth weight is one of the main indicators of intrauterine fetal development. The condition of the placenta reflects the influence of the maternal environment on the fetus. It is important to find out which placental growth parameters significantly affect the mass of dichorionic diamniotic (DHDA) twins. Objective: to investigate the relationship between indicators of placental growth and birth weight of dichorionic diamniotic twins. Materials and methods. One hundred thirty-five DCDA twin pairs were studied during 2016-2020: 68 pairs were opposite-sex, 32 – same-sex females and 35 – same-sex males. The gestational age ranged from 29 to 39.5 weeks, averaging 36,4 ± V1,74 weeks. The influence of such parameters as maximum and minimum placental diameters, as well as perimeter, area, circularity (Circ), roundness, thickness, mass (PM), volume (V), displacement of the umbilical cord insertion site from the placental disc centre along its maximum (XCD) and the minimum axis (YCD). Results. A strong positive correlation was found between PM and birth weight in the whole cohort of DCDA twins (r = 0.7059, p < 0.0001). It was strongest in the same-sex female group (r = 0.7886, p < 0.0001), then in the opposite-sex pairs (r = 0.7093, p < 0.0001), slightly weaker – in the same-sex male couples (r = 0.6065, p < 0.0001). The birth weight and PM correlated with almost all indicators that characterize the placental shape. The strongest correlation was with V (rV_BW = 0.66, p < 0.0001; rV_PM = 0.59, p < 0.0001) and the area*Circ (rS*Circ_BW = 0.64; p < 0.0001; rS*Circ_PM = 0.62; p < 0.0001). The multiple regression analysis of the effect of different morphometric parameters of the placentas on the birth weight has demonstrated the statistical significance of the following parameters: XCD, PM, V, YCD and Circ. The general regression model for the whole DCDA group: birth weight = 2242,3 + 0,8*МП + V – 10,0* XCD (R2 = 0,7002). Similar equations were calculated for different types of DCDA tweens. Thus, morphometric measures account for the 67-85% variances of the birth weight of the DCDA tweens. Conclusion. In the DCDA pairs, placental mass strongly positively correlated with birth weight. Both indicators are in strong relationship with V and their area*Circ. The closer the placental shape is to the circle, the higher its functional ability. Deterioration of the latter may be due to the far fixation of the umbilical cord from the center of the placental disc. The displacement along the maximum axis has a stronger impact comparing to the displacement relative to the minimum axis. The multiple regression analysis has revealed that statistical significance had XCD and PM or V in the whole types of twins. Proposed models demonstrate that 67-85% of the variability of birth weight may be accounted for by the three or four simple placental measures 

scholarly journals Splanchnic Vein Thrombosis in Acute Pancreatitis and Its Consequences

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 107602962110102
Author(s):  
Łukasz Nawacki ◽  
Jarosław Matykiewicz ◽  
Ewa Stochmal ◽  
Stanisław Głuszek
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Vascular Complication ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Splanchnic Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Medical Histories ◽  
The Impact

Splanchnic vein thrombosis (SVT) is a serious vascular complication that can occur in patients with acute pancreatitis. We assessed the incidence of SVT and its relationship with acute pancreatitis (AP) and associated complications. We carried out a retrospective analysis of medical histories from patients hospitalized with AP in a single surgical center. Histories were acquired from patients with abdominal and pelvic computed tomography scans performed between the 2nd and 3rd day of hospitalization. We assessed the impact and extent of thrombosis over the disease course. We found a strong positive correlation (Cramer’s V coefficient = 0.34) between SVT and disease severity. Mortality in the study group was 7.2% (8 patients) of which 5 patients (62.5%) were diagnosed with SVT. We observed an increased incidence of death among patients with thrombosis, with results approaching significance ( P = 0.056). In our study, we found that SVT has a negative effect on the course of AP and is associated with more severe disease and increased mortality.

Relation of site of umbilical cord insertion and birth weight

1988 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Bruyniks ◽  
T. Y. Khong ◽  
R Leong
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Umbilical Cord Insertion

Cord blood Advanced Lipoprotein Testing shows an interaction between gestational diabetes and birth-weight: an observational study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Algaba-Chueca ◽  
Elsa Maymó-Masip ◽  
Mónica Ballesteros ◽  
Albert Guarque ◽  
Olga Freixes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Lipoprotein Profile ◽  
Blood Lipid Profile ◽  
Ldl Particles ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Abnormal lipid metabolism is observed in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and in neonates with abnormal fetal growth, however, how these alterations specifically affect the umbilical cord blood lipoprotein profile is not well understood. Objective To assess the impact of GDM on the cord blood lipoprotein profile across birth-weight categories by using Advanced Lipoprotein Testing. Methods observational study involving 74 control and 62 GDM pregnant women and their offspring. Newborns were classified according to birth-weight as small (n = 39), adequate (n = 50) or large (n = 49) for gestational age (SGA, AGA and LGA, respectively). Two-dimensional diffusion-ordered 1H-NMR spectroscopy was used to profile umbilical cord serum lipoproteins. One hundred and three children were available in a two years follow-up study to evaluate associations between cord blood lipid profile and obesity. Results Baseline characteristics of the two groups were similar except for gestational weight gain. The size, lipid content, number and concentration of particles within their subclasses were similar between offspring born to GDM and control mothers. Using two-way analysis of variance, we observed an interaction between GDM and birth-weight categories for IDL-cholesterol content and IDL- and LDL-triglyceride content, and the number of medium VLDL and LDL particles, specifically in AGA neonates. Small LDL particles were independently associated with offspring obesity at two years. Conclusions In this selected cohort, GDM disturbs triglyceride and cholesterol lipoprotein content across birth-weight categories, and AGA neonates born to GDM mothers display a profile more similar to adults with dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis than to those born to mothers with normal glucose tolerance.

scholarly journals Insertion of Umbilical Cord on Placenta in Hypertensive Mother

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-93
Author(s):  
Fatima Jomrud Mohol ◽  
Mohammad Mahbubul Karim ◽  
Aktari Afroze ◽  
Mohammad Jawadul Haque ◽  
Most Monzuara Khatun
Keyword(s):  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Severe Hypertension ◽  
Insertion Site ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Perinatal Morbidity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders In Pregnancy ◽  
Umbilical Cord Insertion ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background: Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy are responsible for significant amount of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. This study was designed to see the association of umbilical cord insretion on placenta in hypertensive mothers. Objective: This purpose of the present stufdy was to find out the site of umbilical cord insertion on placenta in pregnancy associated with hypertension and to correlate it with the weight of the placenta and the condition of the newborn. Methodology: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Anatomy, Rajshahi Medical College and Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology at Rajshahi Medical College & Hospital, Bangladesh. Placental weight, diameter, thickness, insertion site of umbilical cord, insertion percentage of the cord and weight of newborn were noted. The site of cord insertion was detected and insertion percentage was calculated with the help of d/r x 100. Results: A total 130 cases were selected for the study, 30 from normal, 33 from mild, 34 from moderate and 33 from severe hypertensive group respectively. The study demonstrated that mild to severe hypertension had smaller placentas with the tendency of deviation of umbilical cord towards the margin for insertion. Newborns of such mothers had low birth weight mostly; few of them had birth asphyxia.Conclusion: This study has been established that the marginal insertion of umbilical cord on placenta is associated with hypertension and severity of hypertension deviates the insertion site towards the margin.Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, 2016;2(2): 89-93

scholarly journals Impact of umbilical cord arterial pH, gestational age, and birth weight on neurodevelopmental outcomes for preterm neonates

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e12043
Author(s):  
Roksana Malak ◽  
Dorota Sikorska ◽  
Marta Rosołek ◽  
Ewa Baum ◽  
Ewa Mojs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes ◽  
Sensory Stimuli ◽  
Arterial Ph ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Tonic Neck Reflex

Background The aim of this study was to determine the impact of umbilical cord arterial pH, gestational age, and birth weight on neurodevelopmental outcomes for preterm neonates. Methods We examined 112 neonates. Inclusion criteria were: Saturations greater than 88%, and heart rates between 100–205 beats per minute. Measurements We assessed several neurodevelopmental factors as part of the Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale (NBAS), 4th edition, such as asymmetric tonic neck reflex (ATNR), motor maturity, response to sensory stimuli, habituation, and state regulation. Initial assessment parameters such as APGAR score and umbilical cord arterial pH were used to assess neonates. Results We found a strong correlation between the presence of the sucking reflex and umbilical cord arterial pH (r = 0.32; p = 0.018981). Umbilical cord arterial pH was also correlated with the presence of asymmetric tonic neck reflex (r = 0.27; p = 0.047124), cost of attention (r = 0.31; p = 0.025381) and general motor maturity (r = 0.34; p = 0.011741). Conclusions We found that the sucking reflex may be affected in infants with low umbilical cord arterial pH values. Practitioners and parents can use the NBAS to help determine neurodevelopmental factors and outcomes in preterm infants, possibly leading to safer and more effective feeding practices and interventions.

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