scholarly journals Dimensions and Correlates of Development in Construction

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-64
Author(s):  
André Ullal ◽  
Paolo Tombesi
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Industry Development ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Stages Of Economic Development ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Case Based ◽  
Oriented Research

In light of the limited impact research on construction in developing countries has had on theory and practice, this article discusses the meaning of development as it pertains to construction. The discussion distinguishes between studies addressing construction in developing countries, entailing focus on context and case-based approaches to research, and studies that focus on the process of construction industry development. Progress in research addressing the process of development has been hampered by a lack of data to support the examination of changes in construction industries over time and to compare industries in countries at different stages of economic development. To encourage more process-oriented research, a definition of development in construction is elaborated to include six important dimensions – i.e., important factors affecting construction industry development. Taking into account the lack of relevant statistics, correlates for these dimensions (i.e., statistical proxies) are reviewed. Finally, a manner of graphically presenting these dimensions and correlates is introduced. This graphic format enables visual comparison of conditions affecting construction in different countries. It also provides a frame for relating separate case studies to support comparisons and contributions to theory.

scholarly journals Theory And Practice In CEO Pay: A Course Module And Integrative Case Based On Boeing Inc.

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-260
Author(s):  
John F. Boschen ◽  
Kimberly J. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Ceo Compensation ◽  
Business Students ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Financial Statement ◽  
Executive Pay ◽  
Capstone Course ◽  
Ceo Pay ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Case Based

Business students may dream of receiving pay packages like that of Michael Eisner at Disney. However, many of them will work for the compensation consultant who determines the economics of the pay arrangements, for the valuation consultant who values the different components of the pay arrangements, for the accountant who must audit the financial statement impacts of the pay arrangements, or as a manager in the company whose employees respond to the incentives provided by the pay arrangements. No matter their eventual role, it is critical that every student understands these various aspects of executive pay arrangements, and how these practices have evolved over time. The course module presented herein is designed to effectively integrate these perspectives in as few as five or as many as nine 80-minute sessions that could be a substantive component of an MBA or Master of Accounting capstone course, or a component of a corporate governance elective. A case based on the CEO compensation of Boeing Inc. over the last 60 years provides a series of assignments that effectively integrate the module.

scholarly journals Characteristics of the Construction Industry in Developing Countries and Its Implications for Health and Safety: An Exploratory Study in Ghana

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 4110
Author(s):  
Elijah Frimpong Boadu ◽  
Cynthia Changxin Wang ◽  
Riza Yosia Sunindijo
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Performance Improvement ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Questionnaire Surveys ◽  
Industry Professionals ◽  
Country Specific

From both practical and theoretical perspectives, understanding the health and safety (H&S) implications of the characteristics and foundation upon which the construction industry in developing countries is built and operates is essential for H&S management within the industry. While many studies have provided evidence of factors affecting construction H&S in developing countries, none has fully considered the H&S implications of the industry’s characteristics. The current study thus examined how the peculiar characteristics of the construction industry in developing countries impact on the industry’s H&S management. Data were collected using questionnaire surveys from construction industry professionals in Ghana. Nine distinct characteristics were identified and ranked, as well as their relationships and statistical significance determined through correlation and analysis of variance (ANOVA), respectively. The findings showed that these characteristics of the construction industry in developing countries, particularly the lack of skilled and educated workforce, reliance on labour intensive methods and lack of single regulatory authority, present huge challenges to the management of H&S. Accordingly, this research recommended strategic interventions which are tailored towards the context of the industry’s characteristics. With the construction industry in developing countries exhibiting similar characteristics, the findings of this research can serve as a framework for country-specific study. The study contributes to the broader H&S performance improvement research in developing countries by throwing light on the characteristics of the industry that pose challenges to H&S performance.

scholarly journals An Urban Poverty Line Estimate

1977 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Wasay
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Urban Poverty ◽  
Basic Needs ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Income Group ◽  
Absolute Poverty ◽  
Policy Objective ◽  
Adequate Level ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Over Time

A fundamental policy objective in developing countries is the reduction of poverty and the provision of an adequate level of income sufficient to allow for the basic consumption needs of the lowest income group. It is not an easy objective because resources are limited. Moreover, the definition of basic needs itself is difficult since these needs vary from region to region, and over time. Nevertheless, the poverty problem is sufficiently important to justify the development of practical measures of at least the biological and physical needs: food, clothing, and shelter. With such measures, a translation of basic consumption needs from physical to expenditure units and the calculation of an absolute poverty line is possible.

Developing a standard methodology for measuring and classifying construction field rework

2004 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 1077-1089 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aminah Robinson Fayek ◽  
Manjula Dissanayake ◽  
Oswaldo Campero
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Construction Sector ◽  
Industrial Construction ◽  
Standard Definition ◽  
Standard Index ◽  
Industry Standards ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Over Time

As the industrial construction sector in Alberta faces a period of megaprojects, cost and schedule overruns are becoming a major concern for both owners and contractors. One factor that often contributes significantly to these overruns is construction field rework. Despite the significance of rework, there are few industry standards available for defining, quantifying, and classifying field rework. This paper presents the results of a pilot study, conducted on one such megaproject, that attempts to develop a standard definition of construction field rework, a standard index for its quantification, and an approach for classifying the causes that lead to field rework so that they can be remedied. The data collection methodology developed is discussed, and the findings that arise from this methodology for the case study are presented. The main conclusion of this paper is that the proposed methodology is quite effective in its thorough analysis and treatment of the field rework issue, and it can be used as a first step towards an industry Best Practice for measuring and classifying construction field rework. It can now be used on subsequent projects over time to collect a sufficient dataset, from which the construction industry can develop industry standards and statistics on construction field rework.Key words: field rework, industrial construction, rework classification, rework index.

Cultural Indoctrination

2015 ◽  
pp. 279-294
Author(s):  
Bryan Christiansen
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Future Application ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Global Business ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
National Boundaries ◽  
Intelligence Education ◽  
Values Orientation ◽  
Over Time

The purpose of this chapter is to examine the potential influence of Cultural Indoctrination (CI) on organizations today in an era of global hypercompetition. It is axiomatic that one of the fundamental realities of contemporary globalism is most organizations today must be able to function successfully across cultural (and national) boundaries to sustain a competitive advantage and remain profitable over time. Achieving this goal requires management to appreciate and understand the key factors affecting global business today. However, none of these factors considers in-depth the vastly underresearched area CI we all experience from birth. This chapter examines the following factors involved in cultural indoctrination: Child Development, Cultural Intelligence, Education, Institutionalization, Nationalism and Patriotism, Religion, Self-Efficacy, Social Capital, and Values Orientation Theory (VOT). It is from these factors that a conceptual model is developed for potential future application in management theory and practice.

scholarly journals A framework for systemic sustainable construction industry development (SSCID)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
William Gyadu-Asiedu ◽  
Adwoa Ampadu-Asiamah ◽  
Alfred Fokuo-Kusi
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Human Resource Development ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Systems Engineering ◽  
Institutional Development ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Bottom Line ◽  
Industry Development

AbstractThe quest for construction industry (CI) development in developing countries has met with several challenges. These challenges are numerous and varied. The study aimed to provide a framework by which the construction industry development agenda in developing countries could be prosecuted through a more structured and systemic approach. The qualitative research approach was adopted for the study. This approach was employed within the constructivist epistemological paradigm. Regarding information gathering, the study used the integrative literature review approach to elucidate the construction industry’s nature and its proper systemic context. Complexity, interconnectedness, fragmentation, culture, and informality were found to be common challenges inherent in most CIs. Concerning the development of the industry, the approach was to (1) consider the industry as a system of systems (enabling the use of the principles of systems thinking and systems engineering), (2) apply the concepts of sustainable development as considered within the sustainable development goals (SDGs) and specified in the triple-bottom-line (TBL), i.e., the economic, environmental, and social dimensions, (3) identify the components of CI development (eight components were identified), which are: technology development, corporate development, human resource development, institutional development, material development, documentation, practice and procedure, and operating environment), and (4) Integrated studies. A conceptual framework was modelled from all the identified constructs. Based on this model, it was possible to propose a framework for assessing the maturity level of a country's sustainable construction industry development  and, thereby,  monitor its systemic development.

scholarly journals CAUSES OF DELAYS IN CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS IN TURKEY

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 426-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aynur Kazaz ◽  
Serdar Ulubeyli ◽  
Nihan Avcioglu Tuncbilekli
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Considerable Effect ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Construction Companies ◽  
Predominant Factor ◽  
Effective Group ◽  
Causes Of Delays

In both developing and industrialized countries, deviation from a planned time schedule is one of the most frequently encountered problems in construction investments. Various factors faced with during construction period prevent systematic flow of work, which causes time-based anomalies as a conclusion. Considering the vital importance of the construction industry on the macro-economic structure of a country, it is inevitable to be aware of considerable effect of the timely completion on the allocated project budget. In this study, causes of time extensions in the Turkish construction industry and levels of their importance were examined together. In total, 34 factors affecting project duration were taken into account. A questionnaire survey, including these factors, was then applied to 71 construction companies in Turkey, and the outcomes were evaluated by means of statistical analyses. According to the results, “design and material changes” was found to be the most predominant factor, followed by “delay of payments” and “cash flow problems”. In terms of importance levels of factor groups, financial factors were found to be the first group, while environmental factors were the least effective group. It should be also noted that managerial causes of time extensions are encountered in developed and developing countries, whereas financial causes are experienced in developing countries only.

The Relevance of Women’s Economic Marginalization to Recidivism

2021 ◽  
pp. 009385482110395
Author(s):  
Merry Morash ◽  
Deborah A. Kashy
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Criminogenic Needs ◽  
Women's Lives ◽  
Final Interview ◽  
Economic Marginalization ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Gender Specific ◽  
Over Time

This study examines whether changes over time in women’s criminogenic needs, particularly their financial needs, predict recidivism. In a 9-year longitudinal study, 304 women were interviewed repeatedly during 4.5 years after probation/parole began. Women provided data on both their gender-specific and gender-neutral criminogenic needs. Women’s average standing on each need and an index of their change in the need over time were computed and used to predict subsequent recidivism over the 3.4 years after the final interview. Women whose financial needs decreased were less likely to be rearrested and convicted relative to other women. The findings highlight the importance of considering a multifaceted and gender-specific definition of economic marginalization in both theory and practice. At the policy level, there is a need to reduce justice-involved women’s financial needs. In addition, further longitudinal research should be conducted to understand how different type of changes in women’s lives impact recidivism.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Material Management in Construction Industry

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 8445-8448
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Project Managers ◽  
Material Management ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Roles And Responsibilities ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Major Factors

Material cost is almost 50-60% of most construction projects. A better material management contributes to lesser cost for a project and also, sustainable use of available resources in the long run. This project aims to identify the major factors affecting material management in a construction project. The various factors at different stages of material management are identified and put in a form of a questionnaire. The responses to the questionnaire were obtained from the stakeholders such as architect, storekeepers, material managers, quantity surveyors, site engineers, project managers, and project engineers. The relative importance of each factor is arrived at based on the ranked response obtained from questionnaire survey. Among the factors identified, the factor ‘unclear definition of roles and responsibilities’ is ranked as the major factor that affects material management

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