Soil and Water as Critical Factors in the History of the Fertile Crescent

The role of nutrition in determining the reproductive performance of sows is still controversial. Much of the dispute arises because in many published experiments there were very few sows in each treatment group. In addition, there have been substantial changes In the husbandry of sows over recent years, and these include the much earlier weaning of the litter at as little as three weeks of age, the breeding of the gilt at a younger age since she reaches 100 kg very much more quickly, and the development of facilities which allow each sow to be treated as an individual. A further change has been in the genotype of the breeding female which means that quite often she enters the reproductive phase of her life carrying very much less adipose tissue than hitherto. The recent development of equipment and techniques to monitor the backfat thickness of sows during life has introduced a new management tool, for which guidelines are readily given, but for which hard experimental evidence is often lacking. The purpose of the coordinated experiment reported here was to attempt to establish critical factors in the history of the sow which put her reproductive performance at particular risk and to evaluate widely recommended practices of Increasing the feed Intake at over the terminal phase of pregnancy, The work was jointly funded by the Department of Agriculture for Scotland and each of the centres.

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The new Basrah Museum: dedicated to the archaeological and historical inheritance of Basrah and Iraq

Antiquity ◽

10.15184/aqy.2019.57 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 93 (369) ◽

pp. 811-813

Author(s):

Adil Hashim Ali

Keyword(s):

Material Culture ◽

Middle Ages ◽

Gulf Coast ◽

Arabian Gulf ◽

Fertile Crescent ◽

History Of ◽

The Rich ◽

A Site ◽

Different Cultures ◽

The City

Located in the Fertile Crescent and at the head of the Persian/Arabian Gulf, the city of Basra is steeped in history. Close to the heart of ancient Mesopotamia, the territory of modern Iraq was occupied variously by Achaemenids and Seleucids, Parthians, Romans and Sassanids, before the arrival of Islam in the early middle ages. In more recent history, the city's strategic position near the Gulf coast has made Basra a site of contestation and conflict. This exposure to so many different cultures and civilisations has contributed to the rich identity of Basra, a wealth of history that demands a cultural museum able to present all of the historical periods together in one place. The original Basra Museum was looted and destroyed in 1991, during the first Gulf War. The destruction and loss of so much of Iraq's history and material culture prompted official collaboration to build a new museum that would represent the city of Basrah and showcase its significance in the history of Iraq. The culmination of an eight-year collaborative project between the Iraq Ministry of Culture, the State Board of Antiquities and the Friends of Basrah Museum, the new museum was opened initially in September 2016. Already established as a cultural landmark in the city, with up to 200 visitors a day and rising, the museum was officially opened on 20 March 2019. The author was fortunate to be present for this event and able to explore the new galleries (Figure 1).

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Agrarian insurance in Russia: condition, difficulties, and ways of their overcoming

BIO Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/bioconf/20201700136 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 ◽

pp. 00136

Author(s):

Alexey Nosov ◽

Olga Tagirova ◽

Marina Fedotova

Keyword(s):

Insurance Market ◽

Federal System ◽

Critical Factors ◽

Pilot Projects ◽

Progressive Development ◽

Income Insurance ◽

Compulsory Insurance ◽

The Usa ◽

History Of ◽

Insurance Business

The article discusses the history of the development of state support for the agrarian producers sector in Russia and, in particular, the federal system of subsidizing agrarian insurance. It is shown that the main problems that violate the further progressive development of the agrarian insurance market are the destabilization of subsidies, the prevalence of compulsory insurance elements, the imperfection of legal support of insurance business and taxation of insurance activities, the decrease in the solvency of the population, the lack of clarity of state policy, and insufficient insurance culture of agrarian producers. The main directions of the development of agrarian insurance are proposed, one of which is the development of pilot projects for agrarian income insurance. It was analyzed on the experience of agrarian producers insurance in the USA and Canada, which led to the identification of the most critical factors that must be taken into account when developing the structure of income insurance. It is concluded that the essential factors in the development of agrarian insurance are the availability of the necessary volume of data on prices and the level of productivity in the region and sufficient support from the state.

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From Narmouthis (Medinet Madi) to Kellis (Ismant El-Kharab): Manichaean Documents from Roman Egypt

The Journal of Roman Studies ◽

10.2307/300427 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 86 ◽

pp. 146-169 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

I. M. F. Gardner ◽

S. N. C. Lieu

Keyword(s):

Roman Empire ◽

Jesus Christ ◽

General Meeting ◽

Annual General ◽

Strict Sense ◽

Annual General Meeting ◽

Fertile Crescent ◽

History Of ◽

The Common ◽

Consummate Skill

In 1968, Peter Brown read at the Society's Annual General Meeting a paper entitled ‘The Diffusion of Manichaeism in the Roman Empire’. Delivered at a time when little research was being carried out by British scholars either on Manichaeism or on the cultural and religious relationship between the Roman and the Sassanian Empires, it was for many a complete revelation. With consummate skill and vast erudition Brown placed the history of the diffusion of the sect against a background of vigorous and dynamic interchange between the Roman and the Persian Empires. He also mounted a successful challenge on a number of popularly held views on the history of the religion in the Roman Empire. Manichaeism was not to be seen as part of the mirage orientale which fascinated the intellectuals of the High Empire. It was not an Iranian religion which appealed through its foreigness or quaintness. Rather, it was a highly organized and aggressively missionary religion founded by a prophet from South Babylonia who styled himself an ‘Apostle of Jesus Christ’. Brown reminded the audience that ‘the history of Manichaeism is to a large extent a history of the Syriac-speaking belt, that stretched along the Fertile Crescent without interruption from Antioch to Ctesiphon’. Its manner of diffusion bore little or no resemblance to that of Mithraism. It did not rely on a particular profession, as Mithraism did on the army, for its spread throughout the Empire. Instead it developed in the common Syriac culture astride the Romano-Persian frontier which was becoming increasingly Christianized consequent to the regular deportation of whole communities from cities of the Roman East like Antioch to Mesopotamia and adjacent Iran. Manichaeism which originally flourished in this Semitic milieu was not in the strict sense an Iranian religion in the way that Zoroastrianism was at the root of the culture and religion of pre-Islamic Iran. The Judaeo-Christian roots of the religion enabled it to be proclaimed as a new and decisive Christian revelation.

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Muse

Gastronomica The Journal of Food and Culture ◽

10.1525/gfc.2011.11.2.48 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 48-50

Author(s):

barbara koenen

Keyword(s):

War On Terror ◽

Pomegranate Juice ◽

Weapons Of Mass Destruction ◽

Mass Destruction ◽

Religious Symbol ◽

Fertile Crescent ◽

The Us ◽

Us Government ◽

History Of ◽

Ancient Times

Muse is a personal investigation into the historical and contemporary correlations between pomegranates and hand grenades by the author, an artist based in the Midwest. The essay begins with her reminiscences of witnessing a red-stained feast of the “exotic” pomegranate that was hosted by a friend of Armenian descent; then it chronicles the fruit’s historical associations as a fertility and religious symbol in many cultures since ancient times and its cultivation, beginning in the Fertile Crescent and extending across Asia and into Europe and North America. Upon her realization that hand grenades are named after pomegranates, the author describes physical comparisons between the bomb and the fruit, provides a brief history of grenades and grenadiers, and then muses on the contemporaneous marketing campaigns for the War on Terror that paved the way for the 2003 United States invasion into Iraq, and for POM Wonderful beverages that “defy death” as an “Antioxidant Superpower™.” As the hyperbolic claims of both marketing campaigns were later debunked—Saddam Hussein had no weapons of mass destruction and pomegranate juice does not cure cancer—the essay concludes by noting a recent, modest investment by the US government into the cultivation and exporting of pomegranates in Afghanistan as a hopeful sign.

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A History of the Development of Women's Education in the Arab World

Al-Raida Journal ◽

10.32380/alrj.v0i0.1117 ◽

1970 ◽

pp. 7-9

Author(s):

Lebanese American University

Keyword(s):

Nineteenth Century ◽

Women's Education ◽

Arab World ◽

Gulf Countries ◽

Fertile Crescent ◽

History Of ◽

Intensive Development

The essence of education for women in the Arab world was not conceived until the nineteenth century (1). The first and most intensive development took place in the fertile crescent or what is known as Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Jordan and Iraq. Development in the Gulf countries came much later.

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Development of Bahiagrass Fertilization Recommendations: 1990-2005

EDIS ◽

10.32473/edis-ss456-2006 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2006 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Edward A. Hanlon ◽

Rao Mylavarapu ◽

Ikechukwu V. Ezenwa

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Working Group ◽

Publication Date ◽

Science Department ◽

Original Publication ◽

History Of ◽

Water Science ◽

Soil And Water

This document provides a history of past Bahiagrass recommendation decision-making, and should aid the Forage Fertilization Working Group with future recommendation development. Ranchers, forage producers, and other interested parties may also use the information in this document to understand the basis for UF/IFAS Bahiagrass liming and fertilization recommendations. This document is SL-237, one of a series of the Soil and Water Science Department, UF/IFAS Extension. Original publication date January 2006. Revised March 2006. SL-237/SS456: Development of Bahiagrass Fertilization Recommendations: 1990–2008 (ufl.edu)

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HIV/AIDS Policies and Modernity in Brazil and South Africa: a Comparative Critical Analysis

African, American and European Trajectories of Modernity ◽

10.3366/edinburgh/9781474400404.003.0008 ◽

2015 ◽

Author(s):

José Katito

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Critical Analysis ◽

Critical Factors ◽

Policy Responses ◽

Aids Epidemic ◽

Brazilian Government ◽

Aids Pandemic ◽

Care Policies ◽

History Of ◽

Hiv Aids

This chapter compares HIV/AIDS policies in Brazil and South Africa over the thirty-year history of the epidemic, focusing on the period between the mid-1980s and the early 2000s. The discussion lays emphasis on the largely divergent policy responses of the two states to the HIV/AIDS pandemic. The chapter begins with an overview of Brazil and South Africa's HIV/AIDS policies, along with critical factors that explain why, despite being two similar societies, they responded so differently to the epidemic. These factors include the nature and the timing of democratic transition and the relatively stronger Brazilian civil society. The chapter argues that Brazil acted far more aggressively than South Africa against the HIV/AIDS epidemic by implementing comprehensive prevention, treatment and care policies. As a result, the Brazilian government has been able to contain the spread of the virus across its population. In contrast, negligence, denial, delay and fragmentation have considerably exacerbated the HIV/AIDS epidemic in South Africa.

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