The Role of Collective Action and Urban Social Movements in Reducing Chronic Urban Poverty

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Mitlin
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Urban Poverty ◽  
Urban Social Movements

18. Political Participation

2020 ◽  
pp. 318-335
Author(s):  
Herbert Kitschelt ◽  
Philipp Rehm
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Movements ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Political Participation ◽  
Interest Groups ◽  
Macro Level ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Politically Active

This chapter examines four fundamental questions relating to political participation. First, it considers different modes of political participation such as social movements, interest groups, and political parties. Second, it analyses the determinants of political participation, focusing in particular on the paradox of collective action. Third, it explains political participation at the macro-level in order to identify which contextual conditions are conducive to participation and the role of economic affluence in political participation. Finally, the chapter discusses political participation at the micro-level. It shows that both formal associations and informal social networks, configured around family and friendship ties, supplement individual capacities to engage in political participation or compensate for weak capacities, so as to boost an individual’s probability to become politically active.

Bringing The Outsiders In: Opponents' Claims and The Construction of Animal Rights Activists' Identity

2002 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Einwohner
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Identity Construction ◽  
Symbolic Interactionism ◽  
Animal Rights ◽  
Complete Picture ◽  
Movement Dynamics ◽  
Sense Of Identity ◽  
Using Data

Most research on the role of identity in social movements treats identity as something that is constructed solely by movement participants themselves. However, participants are not the only actors involved in this identity construction. This article uses basic insights from symbolic interactionism to argue that external claims, or claims made about movement participants by those outside the movement, also shape activists' sense of identity. Using data collected during three years of fieldwork with members of a non-violent animal rights organization, I show how the activists made use of their opponents' depictions of them—in particular, charges that the activists were "overly emotional" and "irrational"—when describing themselves. Specifically, I illustrate two processes by which these external claims left their mark on the activists' identity: identity disconfirmation and identity recasting. More broadly, I suggest that "bringing the outsiders in" to examinations of identity and collective action provides a more complete picture not simply of identity construction but of movement dynamics as a whole.

18. Political participation

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert Kitschelt ◽  
Philipp Rehm
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Movements ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Political Participation ◽  
Interest Groups ◽  
Macro Level ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Politically Active

This chapter examines four fundamental questions relating to political participation. First, it considers different modes of political participation such as social movements, interest groups, and political parties. Second, it analyses the determinants of political participation, focusing in particular on the paradox of collective action. Third, it explains political participation at the macro-level in order to identify which contextual conditions are conducive to participation and the role of economic affluence in political participation. Finally, the chapter discusses political participation at the micro-level. It shows that both formal associations and informal social networks, configured around family and friendship ties, supplement individual capacities to engage in political participation or compensate for weak capacities, so as to boost an individual's probability to become politically active.

When a Social Movement Quarantines: The Power of Urban Memory in the 2019 Chilean Anti-neoliberal Uprising

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 286-292
Author(s):  
Manuela Badilla Rajevic
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Social Movement ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Spatial Dimension ◽  
Hygienic Measures ◽  
Alternative Spaces ◽  
The City

This article reflects on the connections between space, social movements, and urban memory by analyzing the effects of quarantine on the massive Chilean anti-neoliberal movement. It explores two aspects of the quarantine that have unsettled and challenged the spatial dimension of collective action: restrictions on transit through the city and the imposition of hygienic measures on infrastructure and social interactions. The article suggests that these aspects represent a concrete threat to social movements, while at the same time push to strengthen alternative spaces and repertoires of action. It concludes by illustrating the role of urban memories on the potential continuity of the mobilizations and their demands.

Globalization and Social Movements

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Almeida ◽  
Chris Chase-Dunn
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Multiple Scales ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Economic Globalization ◽  
Economic Liberalization ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Transnational Social Movements

A growing body of scholarship acknowledges the increasing influence of global forces on social institutions and societies on multiple scales. We focus here on the role of globalization processes in shaping collective action and social movements. Three areas of global change and movements are examined: first, long-term global trends and collective action; second, research on national and local challenges to economic globalization, including backlash movements and the types of economic liberalization measures most associated with inducing oppositional movements; and third, the emergence of contemporary transnational social movements. In each of these arenas we address debates on diffusion, intervening mechanisms, and the outcomes of collective mobilization in response to global pressures.

scholarly journals When nonactivists care: Group efficacy mediates the effect of social identification and perceived instability on the legitimacy of collective action

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 563-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gloria Jiménez-Moya ◽  
Daniel Miranda ◽  
John Drury ◽  
Patricio Saavedra ◽  
Roberto González
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Social Identification ◽  
Care Group ◽  
Group Efficacy ◽  
The World ◽  
Levels Of Support ◽  
Shed Light

In recent years, multiple social movements have emerged around the world. In addition, public surveys indicate the highest recorded levels of support for protest. In this context of acceptance of collective action, we examine the role of nonactivists in the perceived legitimacy of social movements, as this “passive” support can contribute to social change. Given that antecedents of legitimacy have been neglected in the literature, we carried out a survey ( N = 605) among a general sample of the population in Chile to shed light on this issue. We found that social identification with movements and perceived instability predicted the perceived legitimacy of protests by social movements, and that both variables had only indirect effects through group efficacy. This suggests that perceiving social movements as able to achieve success can lead nonactivists to perceive their actions as legitimate, highlighting the importance to movements of being seen to be effective.

A Grassroots Approach to the Democratic Role of the Internet in Developing Countries

2013 ◽  
pp. 218-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Ben Moussa
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Organizational Structures ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Social Movement Organizations ◽  
Power Relationships ◽  
Multiple Forms ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
The North

This chapter explores the role of the Internet in collective action in Morocco, and examines the extent to which the medium has empowered civil society and social movements in the North African country. Drawing on in-depth interviews conducted with activists belonging to key social movement organizations, the article analyzes how the appropriation of the Internet in activism is mediated through the socioeconomic and political structures proper to Morocco as a semi-authoritarian and developing country. In so doing, it sheds light on various intersections between technology diffusion, social movements’ organizational structures, and multiple forms of power relationships among social and political actors. The article argues that the Internet has certainly transformed collective action repertoire deployed by Moroccan social movements; nevertheless, it also demonstrates that the impact of the Internet is conditioned by multiple forms of digital divides that are significantly shaping its implications for social and political change in the country.

The doors that culture opened: Parallels between social movement studies and social psychology

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
James M. Jasper
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Social Movements ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Social Movement ◽  
Collective Identities ◽  
Strategic Choices ◽  
Cultural Meanings ◽  
The Doors

During the last 30 years the study of social movements has changed dramatically, under the recognition of how important cultural meanings are to collective action and outcomes. Social movement studies has rediscovered a number of microlevel cultural mechanisms that have enriched our understanding of protest and social movements, bringing some subjective elements to a field that for a generation had been highly structural. These include the collective identities of political players, the dynamics of gender, the role of emotions, strategic choices, and the influence of leaders. In much of this work, sociologists and political scientists in social movement studies have worked in parallel to social psychologists, and there has been insufficient dialogue between the two traditions.

scholarly journals Miasto jako dobro wspólne czy suma prywatnych własności? O polskiej kwestii miejskiej w kontekście działalności ruchów miejskich

2020 ◽  
pp. 477-492
Author(s):  
Paweł Kubicki
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Social Change ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
Private Property ◽  
Urban Social Movements ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

The article discusses two ideas of the city in the Polish public discourse: the city as a commons and its antithesis – the city as the sum of private property. In the first part of the article, the author analyses the processes in which both ideas were developed. In the second part of the article the author analyses the role of Polish urban social movements, which are one of the few social actors that discussed the idea of the city as a commons when Polish public discourse was dominated by neoliberal dogmas in which the city was reduced to the sum of private property. In conclusion, according to Victor Turner’s concept of social change, the author analyses the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the reception of both ideas in Polish public discourse.

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