Economic Development and the Family Structure: From the Pater Familias to the Nuclear Family

This study examined the relationship between marital trust, mothers' parenting stress and maladjusted parenting behavior in Japan. The participants consisted of 327 Japanese mothers who reside in the greater Tokyo area and whose children go to kindergarten or nursery school (the children's ages range from 3 to 6 years. Participants were asked to complete questionnaires about their family structure (nuclear or extended family), demographic information about their child (sex, age, birth order, etc.), marital trust, parenting stress, and maladjusted childrearing behavior. Analysis indicated that the relationship between marital trust, mothers' parenting stress and maladjusted childrearing behavior was different depending on the family structure. More specifically, for mothers in nuclear families, marital trust, especially the sense of being trusted by the husband, was associated with parenting behavior directly as well as indirectly via parenting stress. In contrast, for mothers in an extended family marital trust was not associated with maternal parenting behavior. The results were discussed in terms of the differences in the availability of social support in a nuclear family compared to the extended family.

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Changes and Trends in Family Structure in Taiwan, 1990 to 2010

Journal of Family Issues ◽

10.1177/0192513x19863203 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 40 (14) ◽

pp. 1896-1911

Author(s):

Ying-Ting Wang ◽

Wen-Shan Yang

Keyword(s):

Family Structure ◽

Census Data ◽

Nuclear Family ◽

Marriage Rate ◽

Single Parent ◽

Household Type ◽

Demographic Trends ◽

Late 20Th Century ◽

Single Person ◽

The Family

Taiwan has experienced significant demographic changes since the late 20th century, including decreasing fertility rate, increasing life expectancy, postponement of marriage and childbearing, reduced marriage rate, and rise in divorce. These demographic trends are likely to change the family structure. The objective of this article is to describe and summarize the changes in family structure between 1990 and 2010 in Taiwan using the Population and Housing Census data. During this period, the average household size decreased from 4.1 to 3.0 persons per household. Also, the share of couple households with unmarried children decreased by 15.1%, and the share of single-person households increased by 8.6%. Nuclear-family households, though they became less common, remained the dominant household type. Single-person households surpassed stem-family households as the second most common household type in 2000 and 2010. Households that are at greater risk of economic hardship, such as single-parent households and skipped-generation households, also increased their respective share during this period.

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Of family, futures and fear in a Balinese ward: Some preliminary thoughts toward a new project

Jurnal Kajian Bali (Journal of Bali Studies) ◽

10.24843/jkb.2017.v07.i01.p12 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 213

Author(s):

Richard Fox

Keyword(s):

Economic Development ◽

Family Planning ◽

Social Class ◽

Side Effects ◽

Nuclear Family ◽

International Aid ◽

Domestic Life ◽

Women's Bodies ◽

The Family ◽

The Ideal

The link between family, fear and women’s bodies has a complicated history in Indonesia, tied to both international aid and economic development—as well as, in more recent years, to consumerism and transnational capital. Yet, if the ‘small happy and prosperous family norm’ is now the aspiration of many young Balinese, this was not always the case. Today advertisements for family planning technology encourage women to overcome fears of discomfort and physical side-effects in order to realize ‘the family of their dreams’. But the fears of earlier days were not so easily allayed—incited by stories of infertility, infection and death resulting from use of the IUD. What do older Balinese remember of the early days of the KB program? How does this compare with the aspirations of younger Balinese as they pursue the pleasures of life in a ‘small family’ and experience its anxieties? This article presents preliminary reflections on a new project exploring how Balinese differing in gender, generation and social class talk about and act on their plans for the future. Given its importance for both state bureaucratic and commercial representations of domestic life, the ideal of the patriarchal nuclear family figures centrally in these reflections.

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Change in Family Structure in the Modern Times

International Journal of Indian Psychology ◽

10.25215/0304.169 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Himani Bhasin

Keyword(s):

Family Structure ◽

Family System ◽

Nuclear Family ◽

Special Kind ◽

Indian Society ◽

Human Beings ◽

Joint Family ◽

Nuclear Families ◽

System A ◽

The Family

In India, the land of culture and unity, culture and unity are well manifested in the structure of society, indeed in the smaller unit of a society i.e. family. A family is a set of human beings related to each other in a non-professional manner, giving rise to a concrete cohesion within the family. Love, care, and affection are the most prominent human values, which are responsible for maintaining these bonds of relationships within a family. Typically, a nuclear family may be conceived as a unit consisting of a couple, children, and grandparents, and pets. In India however, there exists a special kind of family structure that really is quite vivid in the way it manages to handle and keep intact the human relations. This special kind of family structure is Joint Family System. A joint family is a collection of more than one, nuclear families that are interconnected by blood relations or marital relations. All the members, regardless of which particular nuclear family (within that joint family) they belong to, live together and share happiness, grief, and virtually every kind of problem and joy together. The joint family in itself simulates a typical view of our multi-cultural, multi-lingual, yet tightly intertwined Indian society. Indian president replies to a question related to spiritual strengths of India as:

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SYSTEMIC CAUSES OF THE APPEARANCE OF “COBRA EFFECT” IN THE MANAGEMENT OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

Экономическая наука современной России ◽

10.33293/1609-1442-2019-3(86)-51-61 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 86 (3) ◽

pp. 51-61

Author(s):

M. S. Mokiy ◽

E. K. Borzenko

Keyword(s):

Economic Development ◽

Economic System ◽

Gross National Product ◽

The Family ◽

Social And Economic Development ◽

Socio Economic Development ◽

Energy Consuming ◽

The Right ◽

Goals And Objectives ◽

Least Energy

The article on the basis of extrapolation of system laws of management of social and economic development illustrates the system reason of the Cobra effect, that is, a situation where, despite the rather attractive goals that managers formulate, the result of the activities of subordinates is opposite to what was intended. The main problem of management is the development of a system of indicators, in which, working on the indicator, employees would change the state in the right direction. The reason for the Cobra effect is the manifestation of systemic patterns of socio-economic development. The main system regularity is the desire of the system for stability and self-preservation. This state of the system is achieved using the least energy-consuming way. It is shown that any worker, realizing system regularities, aspires to stability and self-preservation. Therefore, the employee is always forced to work for achieving the indicator. The article analyzes the manifestation of these laws at the level of enterprises and state. When managers understand these patterns explicitly or covertly, changes in the economic system are moving in the right direction. It is shown that the existing system of target indicators used as indicators to assess the effectiveness of management does not meet the goals and objectives of socio-economic development. At the meso- and macrolevel, absolute, volumetric indicators, such as gross national product and others, reduce the range of benefits to the population. The article defines the vector of change in the system of indicators for assessing the effectiveness of management at the regional and state levels, based on the fact that the key element is the family. At the same time, the targets should be indicators to assess the availability of benefits for households.

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Niepełna rodzina jako zaburzenie prawidłowego funkcjonowania struktur rodzinnych

Acta Scientifica Academiae Ostroviensis ◽

10.33674/acta_620181 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 126-142

Author(s):

Michał Kuzdak

Keyword(s):

Family Structure ◽

Family Ties ◽

The Family ◽

Modern Family

The author discusses the topic of families, especially incomplete. The work is about the disorganization of the family structure, showing its causes and history. The article describes the dangers of modern family and relations on the parentchild line. The author refers to economic emigration as one of the reasons for the loosening of family ties and the cause of incomplete families.

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