Task-Sharing in Emergency Abdominal Surgery: A Retrospective, Cross-Sectional Study of Emergency Laparotomy Performed by Physicians and Emergency Surgical Officers in 6 Ethiopian Hospitals

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Carter ◽  
Beth Hochman ◽  
Nebyou Seyoum ◽  
Andualem Deneke ◽  
Belain Eyob ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Surgery ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Emergency Laparotomy ◽  
Task Sharing ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Emergency Abdominal Surgery

scholarly journals EMERGENCY ABDOMINAL SURGERY;

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (01) ◽  
pp. 10-16
Author(s):  
JUNAID SULTAN ◽  
HARIS BIN BILAL ◽  
HUMAIRA KIRAN ◽  
Badar Bin Bilal ◽  
Azam Yusuf
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Abdominal Surgery ◽  
Abdominal Sepsis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Successful Outcome ◽  
Emergency Laparotomy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Surgical Unit ◽  
Emergency Abdominal Surgery ◽  
Overall Mortality

Intra-abdominal (I.A) sepsis is widely recognized as the leading cause of death in patients following emergency abdominal surgery. Objective To determine the incidence of intra-abdominal sepsis after emergency abdominal surgery. To study the predisposing factors which lead to post-op. I.A sepsis. To determine the micro flora involved in I.A sepsis Study design: A quantitative cross sectional study.. Place of study: Surgical unit-l General Hospital Rawalpindi. Period: March 1999 to August 2000. Material & methods:565 patients) were followed after emergency abdominal surgery and incidence determined. Results: These 565 patients included 400 patients of acute appendicitis, 140 patients of emergency laparotomy and 25 patients of obstructed/strangulated hernias. The incidence of I.A sepsis after emergency abdominal surgery was found to be 10.6% with incidence of generalized I.A sepsis of 6.6%. Different risk factors predispose to the development of post-op. I.A sepsis. Aerobic microflora of the I.Asepsis consists predominantly of E.coli. Overall mortality rate was 7.6% with 4% cases due to post-op. I.A sepsis. Mortality rate in patients with post-op. I.A sepsis was 38.33% with mortality rate of 78% in patients with post-op, generalized I.A sepsis and of 20% in patients with I.A abscesses. Conclusion: IA sepsis continues to be one of the major challenges in general surgery. A successful outcome depends on early diagnosis, rapid and appropriate surgical intervention, prompt administration of broad spectrum antibiotics and aggressive supportive care in ICU remains the therapeutic strategy for these patients. It is important first to determine the risk status of these patients and then to apply proper and sound surgical technique and do timely decision.

scholarly journals Prevalence and factors associated with re-laparotomy among patients operated in Debre-Markos Referral Hospital, North West Ethiopia: Retrospective cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurhusien Nuru Yesuf ◽  
Yeneabat Birhanu Yohanes ◽  
Debrework Tesgera Bashah ◽  
Tarkie Abebe Walle ◽  
Henok Biresaw Netsere
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Surgery ◽  
Preventive Intervention ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Initial Surgery ◽  
Debre Markos

Abstract Background Re-laparotomy is one of the causes of morbidity and mortality among patients with abdominal surgery; unless efforts are made to prevent in advance by identifying the potential risk factors. Methods Retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at Debre-Markos Referral Hospital from three hundred and ninety charts (390) from January 1, 2015, to January 30, 2017. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 22. The associated factors for re-laparotomy were identified using multivariable logistic regression. P-value < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results We studied 390 patients based on charts. Two hundred seventy-four patients (70.3%) were males. Forty-eight patients (12.3%) performed re-laparotomy. Patients with the duration of operating on initial surgery >60 hrs, AOR=3.30(95%CI [1.40-7.41, p=0.05]), diabetes mellitus, AOR=4.79(95%CI [1.55-14.80, p=0.007]), elective surgery, AOR=0.17(95%CI [0.05-0.56, p= 0.004]) Conclusion Even re-laparotomy is preventive; it is found to be in-patients underwent abdominal surgery. Therefore, appropriate preventive intervention to be taken to change those factors of the first surgery.

Does a Graduate Course in Fluency Disorders Make a Difference?

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelyn R. Klein ◽  
Barbara J. Amster
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Graduate Programs ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Graduate Course ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fluency Disorders ◽  
Introductory Course ◽  
Communicative Disorders

Abstract A study by Yaruss and Quesal (2002), based on responses from 134 of 239 ASHA accredited graduate programs, indicated that approximately 25% of graduate programs in the United States allow students to earn their degree without having coursework in fluency disorders and 66% of programs allow students to graduate without clinical experience treating people who stutter (PWS). It is not surprising that many clinicians report discomfort in treating PWS. This cross-sectional study compares differences in beliefs about the cause of stuttering between freshman undergraduate students enrolled in an introductory course in communicative disorders and graduate students enrolled and in the final weeks of a graduate course in fluency disorders.

Confidence toward vaccination as reported by parents of children admitted to a tertiary care hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A cross sectional study

Vacunas ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.M. AlGoraini ◽  
N.N. AlDujayn ◽  
M.A. AlRasheed ◽  
Y.E. Bashawri ◽  
S.S. Alsubaie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Conflict Avoidance in Old Age

GeroPsych ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lia Oberhauser ◽  
Andreas B. Neubauer ◽  
Eva-Marie Kessler
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Conflict Avoidance ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adult Lifespan ◽  
Set Up

Abstract. Conflict avoidance increases across the adult lifespan. This cross-sectional study looks at conflict avoidance as part of a mechanism to regulate belongingness needs ( Sheldon, 2011 ). We assumed that older adults perceive more threats to their belongingness when they contemplate their future, and that they preventively react with avoidance coping. We set up a model predicting conflict avoidance that included perceptions of future nonbelonging, termed anticipated loneliness, and other predictors including sociodemographics, indicators of subjective well-being and perceived social support (N = 331, aged 40–87). Anticipated loneliness predicted conflict avoidance above all other predictors and partially mediated the age-association of conflict avoidance. Results suggest that belongingness regulation accounts may deepen our understanding of conflict avoidance in the second half of life.

Internalizing Behavior During the Transition from Childhood to Adolescence

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Vierhaus ◽  
Arnold Lohaus ◽  
Indra Shah
Keyword(s):  
Research Design ◽  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Fourth Graders ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Second Graders ◽  
Internalizing Behavior ◽  
Longitudinal Assessment ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The One

This investigation focuses on the question whether assessments of the development of internalizing behavior from childhood to adolescence are affected by the kind of research design (longitudinal versus cross-sectional). Two longitudinal samples of 432 second-graders and 366 fourth graders participated in a longitudinal study with subsequent measurements taken 1, 2, and 3 years later. A third sample consisting of 849 children covering the same range of grades participated in a cross-sectional study. The results show that the development of internalizing symptoms in girls – but not in boys – varies systematically with the research design. In girls, there is a decrease of internalizing symptoms (especially between the first two timepoints) in the longitudinal assessment, which may reflect, for example, the influence of strain during the first testing situation. Both longitudinal trajectories converge to a common trajectory from grade 2 to grade 7 when controlling for this “novelty-distress effect.” Moreover, when we control this effect, the slight but significant decrease characterizing the common trajectory becomes similar to the one obtained in the cross-sectional study. Therefore, trajectories based on longitudinal assessments may suggest more changes with regard to internalizing symptoms over time than actually take place, while trajectories based on cross-sectional data may be characterized by an increased level of internalizing symptoms. Theoretical and practical implications of these results are discussed.

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