Impact of Hydrogen as Impurity in the Physical and Transport Properties of CO2 Streams in CCS/CCUS Transport Systems: A Technical Discussion

Treelike structures abound in natural as well as man-made transport systems, which have fascinated multidisciplinary researchers to study the transport phenomena and properties and understand the transport mechanisms of treelike structures for decades. The fluid flow and heat transfer in treelike networks have received an increasing attention over the past decade as the highly efficient transport processes observed in natural treelike structures can provide useful hints for optimal solutions to many engineering and industrial problems. This review paper attempts to present the background and research progress made in recent years on the transport phenomenon in treelike networks as well as technological applications of treelike structures. The subtopics included are optimization of branching structures, scaling laws of treelike networks, and transport properties for laminar flow, turbulent flow, heat conduction, and heat convection in treelike networks. Analytical expressions for the effective transport properties have been derived based on deterministic treelike networks, and the effect of branching parameters on the transport properties of treelike networks has also been discussed. Furthermore, numerical simulation results for treelike microchannel networks are presented as well. The proposed transport properties may be beneficial to understand the transport mechanisms of branching structures and promote the applications of treelike networks in engineering and industry.

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Rheologic and Transport Properties of Middle Ear Effusions from Cleft Palate Patients

Otolaryngology ◽

10.1177/019459987808600215 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 86 (2) ◽

pp. ORL-269-ORL-275 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Bruce J. Romanczuk ◽

William P. Potsic ◽

Allan L. McCall ◽

Mohammad A. Khan ◽

Chung K. Shih ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cleft Palate ◽

Transport Properties ◽

Middle Ear ◽

Viscoelastic Properties ◽

Transport Rate ◽

Transport Systems ◽

Mucociliary Transport ◽

Transport Defect ◽

The Relationship ◽

Serous Otitis Media

Middle ear effusions represent respiratory secretions which are physiologically important to functional mucociliary transport systems. Knowledge of middle ear mucus and methods of facilitating clearance continue to be important to cleft palate patients. Middle ear mucus was collected from the ears of children with cleft palate before surgical correction. Samples were dialyzed and lyophilized to yield mucus powder. This mucus was reconstituted at various nondialyzable solids (NDS) concentrations in TRIS-CI buffer. A physiochemical study of the middle ear mucus was then undertaken, since a mucociliary transport defect leading to serous otitis media (SOM) is an etiologic possibility. The viscoelastic properties of reconstituted middle ear mucus of cleft palate children were determined using a magnetic microrheometer. The relationship to nondialyzable solids concentrations is also described. The mucociliary transport rate as a function of NDS concentrations was recorded on the toad palate model. Results suggest a maximum transport rate at a specific NDS concentration. The viscoelastic properties also correlate well with the mucociliary transport rate. These may have clinical and therapeutic relevance.

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Hexose transport properties of myoblasts isolated from a patient with suspected muscle carnitine deficiency

Biochemistry and Cell Biology ◽

10.1139/o90-200 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 68 (12) ◽

pp. 1372-1379 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

O. T. Mesmer ◽

T. C. Y. Lo

Keyword(s):

Transport Properties ◽

Human Subjects ◽

Normal Activity ◽

Deficiency Syndrome ◽

Carnitine Deficiency ◽

Transport Systems ◽

Kinetic Properties ◽

Hexose Transport ◽

Carnitine Level ◽

Muscle Carnitine Deficiency

The human primary carnitine deficiency syndromes are potentially fatal disorders affecting children and adults. The molecular etiologies of these syndromes have not been fully determined. Muscle carnitine deficiency syndrome is characterized by mild to severe muscle weakness, lipid accumulation in muscle, and reduced muscle carnitine concentration. In the present investigation, the hexose transport properties of muscle cells isolated from a patient with suspected muscle carnitine deficiency (MCD) were examined. We have previously shown that myoblasts from normal human subjects possessed at least two hexose transport systems, the low (LAHT) and the high (HAHT) affinity hexose transport systems. Their preferred substrates were 3-O-methyl-D-glucose and 2-deoxyglucose (dGlc), respectively; HAHT, but not LAHT, was sensitive to inhibition by carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP). Here we show that the kinetic properties of HAHT in the MCD myoblasts differ significantly from those of normal myoblasts and that the rates of dGlc transport by MCD myoblasts are restored to normal by growth in 40 μM L-carnitine. We also demonstrate that the kinetic properties of LAHT are quite similar in both normal and MCD myoblasts. It can be inferred from these findings that HAHT and LAHT may be coded or regulated by different genes. Based on the finding that the dGlc transport system in L-carnitine grown cells is no longer sensitive to inhibition by CCCP, it is thought that L-carnitine may play a regulatory role in HAHT, viz., by maintaining the HAHT transporter in a functional state, even in energy-uncoupled cells. While MCD myoblasts exhibit normal rates of L-carnitine influx, their L-carnitine efflux rates are significantly faster than those of normal myoblasts, thus resulting in significantly reduced intracellular level of L-carnitine in the MCD myoblasts. This reduced intracellular L-carnitine level would then explain the relatively reduced HAHT activity and its subsequent restoration to normal activity following growth in L-carnitine.Key words: hexose transport, human myoblasts, muscle carnitine deficiency, myopathy, human genetic variants, myoblasts, transport regulation, β-oxidation, L-carnitine.

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Consistent transport properties in multicomponent two-temperature magnetized plasmas

Astronomy and Astrophysics ◽

10.1051/0004-6361/201834686 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 635 ◽

pp. A87 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Q. Wargnier ◽

A. Alvarez Laguna ◽

J. B. Scoggins ◽

N. N. Mansour ◽

M. Massot ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electromagnetic Field ◽

Transport Properties ◽

Solar Atmosphere ◽

Fluid Model ◽

Transport Systems ◽

Magnetized Plasmas ◽

The Sun ◽

Heavy Particles ◽

Lower Solar Atmosphere ◽

Two Temperature

Aims. We present a fluid model that has been developed for multicomponent two-temperature magnetized plasmas in chemical non-equilibrium for the partially to fully ionized collisional regimes. We focus on transport phenomena with the aim of representing the atmosphere of the Sun. Methods. This study is based on an asymptotic fluid model for multicomponent plasmas derived from kinetic theory, yielding a rigorous description of the dissipative effects. The governing equations and consistent transport properties are obtained using a multiscale Chapman-Enskog perturbative solution to the Boltzmann equation based on a dimensional analysis. The mass disparity between free electrons and heavy particles is accounted for, as well as the influence of the electromagnetic field. We couple this model to the Maxwell equations for the electromagnetic field and derive the generalized Ohm’s law for multicomponent plasmas. The model inherits a well-identified mathematical structure leading to an extended range of validity for the Sun’s atmospheric conditions. We compute consistent transport properties by means of a spectral Galerkin method using the Laguerre-Sonine polynomial approximation. Two non-vanishing polynomial terms are used when deriving the transport systems for electrons, whereas only one term is retained for heavy particles. Results. In a simplified framework where the plasma is fully ionized, we compare the transport properties for the lower solar atmosphere to conventional expressions for magnetized plasmas attributed to Braginskii, showing a good agreement between both results. For more general partially ionized conditions, representative of the lower solar atmosphere, we compute the muticomponent transport properties corresponding to the species diffusion velocities, heavy-particle and electron heat fluxes, and viscous stress tensor of the model for a helium-hydrogen mixture in local thermodynamic equilibrium. The model is assessed for the 3D radiative magnetohydrodynamic simulation of a pore at the Sun photosphere. The resistive term is found to dominate mainly the dynamics of the electric field at the pore location. The battery term for heavy particles appears to be higher at the pore location and at some intergranulation boundaries.

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Effect of parathyrin on the transport properties of isolated renal brush-border vesicles

Biochemical Journal ◽

10.1042/bj1720049 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 172 (1) ◽

pp. 49-56 ◽

Cited By ~ 78

Author(s):

C Evers ◽

H Murer ◽

R Kinne

Keyword(s):

Cyclic Amp ◽

Transport Properties ◽

Brush Border ◽

Brush Border Membrane ◽

Phosphate Uptake ◽

Membrane Vesicles ◽

Brush Border Membrane Vesicles ◽

Transport Systems ◽

Precipitation Method ◽

Dibutyryl Cyclic Amp

The transport properties of brush-border membrane vesicles isolated by a calcium-precipitation method from the renal cortex of normal and parathyrin (parathyroid hormone)-treated rats were studied by a rapid-filtration technique. Parathyrin elicited a dose-dependent decrease in the Na+-dependent phosphate uptake by the brush-border membrane vesicles, but the uptake of D-glucose, Na+ and mannitol was not affected. A maximum inhibition of 30% was observed after the application of 30 U.S.P. units intramuscularly 1 h before the animals were killed. Intravenous infusion of dibutyryl cyclic AMP (0.5-1.5 MG) also decreased the phosphate uptake by the brush-border vesicles. Both dibutyryl cyclic AMP and parathyrin were ineffective when added in vitro to brush-border membrane vesicles isolated from normal rats. These data suggest that parathyrin exerts its action on the phosphate reabsorption in the renal proximal tubule by affecting the Na+/phosphate co-transport system in the brush-border membrane. The effects of parathyrin on Na+ and glucose transport, however, seem to be due to alterations to the driving forces for transport and not to the brush-border transport systems.

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Spectroscopic Diagnostics of Tokamaks

International Astronomical Union Colloquium ◽

10.1017/s0252921100107638 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 102 ◽

pp. 165-174

Author(s):

C. de Michelis

Keyword(s):

Transport Properties ◽

Power Losses ◽

Spectroscopic Diagnostics ◽

Important Concern

AbstractImpurities being an important concern in tokamaks, spectroscopy plays a key role in their understanding. Techniques for the evaluation of concentrations, power losses and transport properties are surveyed, and a few developments are outlined.

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Structure and Orientation of As Precipitates in LT-MBE Grown GaAs

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100088816 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 49 ◽

pp. 900-901 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Alain Claverie ◽

Zuzanna Liliental-Weber

Keyword(s):

Transport Properties ◽

Layer Thickness ◽

Growth Temperature ◽

Low Temperatures ◽

Lattice Parameter ◽

Crystalline Quality ◽

Insulating Properties ◽

Lt Gaas

GaAs layers grown by MBE at low temperatures (in the 200°C range, LT-GaAs) have been reported to have very interesting electronic and transport properties. Previous studies have shown that, before annealing, the crystalline quality of the layers is related to the growth temperature. Lowering the temperature or increasing the layer thickness generally results in some columnar polycrystalline growth. For the best “temperature-thickness” combinations, the layers may be very As rich (up to 1.25%) resulting in an up to 0.15% increase of the lattice parameter, consistent with the excess As. Only after annealing are the technologically important semi-insulating properties of these layers observed. When annealed in As atmosphere at about 600°C a decrease of the lattice parameter to the substrate value is observed. TEM studies show formation of precipitates which are supposed to be As related since the average As concentration remains almost unchanged upon annealing.

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