Committees under Qualified Majority Rules: The One-core Stability Index

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Armel Momo
Keyword(s):  
Stability Index ◽  
Core Stability ◽  
Qualified Majority ◽  
Majority Rules ◽  
The One

Are qualified majority rules special?

Public Choice ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shmuel Nitzan ◽  
Jacob Paroush
Keyword(s):  
Qualified Majority ◽  
Majority Rules

Monotonicity and qualified majority rules

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-220
Author(s):  
Uuganbaatar Ninjbat
Keyword(s):  
Qualified Majority ◽  
Majority Rules

scholarly journals Where does implementation lie? Assessing the determinants of delegation and discretion in post-Maastricht European Union

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Marta Migliorati
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Majority Voting ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Several Variables ◽  
Qualified Majority ◽  
The One ◽  
Council Of Ministers ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Drawing on a principal–agent framework the article analyses the European Union (EU) politics of delegation in the post-Maastricht era. By means of statistical analysis, it tests the impact of several variables upon the selection of national and supranational agents, as well as on the discretion they enjoy, on the basis of a recently collected data set of EU laws. Findings reveal that pooling and policy complexity favour the involvement of supranational actors in the implementation of EU laws. Moreover, the degree of supranational integration of a policy affects the likelihood of choosing supranational implementers. On the one hand, the Commission enjoys higher discretion vis-à-vis national actors when qualified majority voting applies, and when higher levels of conflict in the Council of Ministers is present. On the other, conflict between the European Parliament and the Council under codecision seems associated with lower supranational discretion, although the result needs further corroboration.

scholarly journals Core Stability Index for Healthy Young Sri Lankan Population

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (06) ◽  
pp. 687-695
Author(s):  
Malwanage V.M.B.K.T ◽  
Samita S
Keyword(s):  
Stability Index ◽  
Core Stability ◽  
Sri Lankan

scholarly journals Analysis of Voltage Stability Index under Stressed Operating Conditions in Bus Power Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 146-150
Author(s):  
Vivekanadam B
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Voltage Stability ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Voltage Collapse ◽  
Loading Effects ◽  
The One ◽  
Operating Points ◽  
Generation Unit

In stressed operating conditions, several types of voltage stability indices (VSI) are used for the assessment of voltage stability at specific operating points. The performance of various available VSIs are compared in this paper. The one generation unit tripped effects, single line to ground (SLG) fault and inductive loading variations occur in combinational format with such operating conditions. Voltage collapse occurs in the lines or nodes due to the stressed operating conditions (SOC). SLG fault, loading effects, power margin, line continency ranking, and line number are some of the performance parameters of VSI analysed in this paper. For utilization of reactive power compensation, the proper location can be chosen with the help of critical line and node analysis (CLNA) that makes use of VSIs. For any SOC, accurate voltage instability prediction is performed using VSI as per the simulation results. Under voltage collapse due to multiple causes, the voltage stability assessment of any specific line can be performed using this information.

scholarly journals How Does Functional Soccer Training on Uneven Ground Affect Dynamic Stability of Lower Limbs in Young Soccer Players

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (11_suppl3) ◽  
pp. 2325967114S0015
Author(s):  
Marcin Plenzler ◽  
Natalia Mrozińska ◽  
Anna Mierzwińska ◽  
Olga Korbolewska ◽  
Daria Mejnartowicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Stability ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Core Stability ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Preparatory Period ◽  
Overall Stability ◽  
Soccer Training ◽  
Stability Results

Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess the level of lower limbs’ stability under dynamic conditions in soccer players before and after the preparatory period. The results of young players were compared with the control group’s records. The analysis included, both, the dominant (the one kicking the ball) and the non-dominant (supporting) limb. Methods: 13 players from AGAPE Soccer Academy in Białołęka (year 2002), participated in this study. The control group were 18 young, healthy, and active volunteers (14 male, and 4 female; mean age = 21,4±1,2 years). The dynamic stabilography was recorded on Biodex Balance System device. For data analysis, the bending dispersion in the medial/lateral plane, and anterior/posterior plane, along with the overall stability index (OSI) were tested. The measurements were taken in single-leg stance on the right and left leg respectively. Each testing included 3 repetitions in 30 seconds intervals on the platform’s second level of testing. The preliminary study was performed before the beginning of the season’s preparatory period. During the preparatory period, which lasted 16 weeks, the motor activity training programme was completed (90 minutes, once a week). The programme included elements such as: functional soccer training and stabilization training on an unstable ground, core stability training, dynamic stability exercises, and lower limbs coordination and strength training. After the preparatory period, the health examinations were performed. Test results were statistically analysed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test in order to establish parameters’ changes within the study group, and the U-Mann-Whitney test was applied in order to estimate the variances between the study and control groups. The statistical significance threshold was p≤0,05. Results: The study showed a significant statistical improvement of stability parameters expressed by the overall stability index (OSI) and A/P stability index for the supporting limb after the preparatory period, during which a stability and proprioception training was completed. The significance of these results is even greater when the parallel substantial increase of the physical body height of these young players is taken into account (the taller the player is, the harder it is for him to keep the balance). The players’ tests results are, also, statistically lower than the control group’s data. That, in turn, means that the players had better stability in comparison to the control group. This co-dependence regarding the overall stability was mainly affected by the A/P stability indexes taken in a sagittal plane. Also, no new injuries were recorded within the young players group. Conclusion: 1. The exercised functional training significantly improved stability results of the supporting limb among the young players. 2. The results encourage to continue the study, and, in the later stage, check whether there is an actual relationship between the dynamic stability results and sports achievements combined with the frequency of injuries.

scholarly journals Self-Enforcing Voting in International Organizations

2006 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 1137-1158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Maggi ◽  
Massimo Morelli
Keyword(s):  
International Organizations ◽  
Comparative Statics ◽  
Widespread Occurrence ◽  
Unanimity Rule ◽  
Hard Time ◽  
Qualified Majority ◽  
Voting System ◽  
Majority Rules ◽  
Enforcement Mechanisms ◽  
Voting Models

Some international organizations are governed by unanimity rule, others by (simple or qualified) majority rules. Standard voting models, which assume that the decisions made by voting are perfectly enforceable, have a hard time explaining the observed variation in governance mode, and in particular the widespread occurrence of the unanimity system. We present a model whose main departure from standard voting models is that the organization cannot rely on external enforcement mechanisms: each country is sovereign and cannot be forced to comply with the collective decision or, in other words, the voting system must be self-enforcing. The model identifies conditions under which the organization adopts the unanimity rule, and yields rich comparative-statics predictions on the determinants of the mode of governance.

Majority shareholder protection by variable qualified majority rules

2009 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Casajus ◽  
Helfried Labrenz ◽  
Tobias Hiller
Keyword(s):  
Shareholder Protection ◽  
Qualified Majority ◽  
Majority Rules ◽  
Majority Shareholder

Note on Selection of Coordinate Systems for Geodynamics

1975 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 395-407
Author(s):  
S. Henriksen
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
The Other ◽  
Coordinate Systems ◽  
Mean Sea Level ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The One ◽  
Static Systems ◽  
Selection Of

The first question to be answered, in seeking coordinate systems for geodynamics, is: what is geodynamics? The answer is, of course, that geodynamics is that part of geophysics which is concerned with movements of the Earth, as opposed to geostatics which is the physics of the stationary Earth. But as far as we know, there is no stationary Earth – epur sic monere. So geodynamics is actually coextensive with geophysics, and coordinate systems suitable for the one should be suitable for the other. At the present time, there are not many coordinate systems, if any, that can be identified with a static Earth. Certainly the only coordinate of aeronomic (atmospheric) interest is the height, and this is usually either as geodynamic height or as pressure. In oceanology, the most important coordinate is depth, and this, like heights in the atmosphere, is expressed as metric depth from mean sea level, as geodynamic depth, or as pressure. Only for the earth do we find “static” systems in use, ana even here there is real question as to whether the systems are dynamic or static. So it would seem that our answer to the question, of what kind, of coordinate systems are we seeking, must be that we are looking for the same systems as are used in geophysics, and these systems are dynamic in nature already – that is, their definition involvestime.

Nucleation of Disorder in Fe3Al Alloys

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 312-313
Author(s):  
P. R. Swann ◽  
W. R. Duff ◽  
R. M. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Antiphase Domain ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Domain Structures ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Domain Boundaries ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
The One

Recently we have investigated the phase equilibria and antiphase domain structures of Fe-Al alloys containing from 18 to 50 at.% Al by transmission electron microscopy and Mössbauer techniques. This study has revealed that none of the published phase diagrams are correct, although the one proposed by Rimlinger agrees most closely with our results to be published separately. In this paper observations by transmission electron microscopy relating to the nucleation of disorder in Fe-24% Al will be described. Figure 1 shows the structure after heating this alloy to 776.6°C and quenching. The white areas are B2 micro-domains corresponding to regions of disorder which form at the annealing temperature and re-order during the quench. By examining specimens heated in a temperature gradient of 2°C/cm it is possible to determine the effect of temperature on the disordering reaction very precisely. It was found that disorder begins at existing antiphase domain boundaries but that at a slightly higher temperature (1°C) it also occurs by homogeneous nucleation within the domains. A small (∼ .01°C) further increase in temperature caused these micro-domains to completely fill the specimen.

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