Global Distribution of Sex Differences in the Incidence and Prevalence of Any Dementia, Alzheimer's Disease, and Vascular Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamidul Huque ◽  
Ranmalee Eramudugolla ◽  
Benjamin Chidiac ◽  
Nicole Ee ◽  
Lauren Ehrenfeld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Vascular Dementia ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Global Distribution

scholarly journals Late-life depression and risk of vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease: systematic review and meta-analysis of community-based cohort studies

2013 ◽  
Vol 202 (5) ◽  
pp. 329-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Breno S. Diniz ◽  
Meryl A. Butters ◽  
Steven M. Albert ◽  
Mary Amanda Dew ◽  
Charles F. Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Vascular Dementia ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Late Life ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Late Life Depression ◽  
Increased Risk

BackgroundLate-life depression may increase the risk of incident dementia, in particular of Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia.AimsTo conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the risk of incident all-cause dementia, Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia in individuals with late-life depression in population-based prospective studies.MethodA total of 23 studies were included in the meta-analysis. We used the generic inverse variance method with a random-effects model to calculate the pooled risk of dementia, Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia in older adults with late-life depression.ResultsLate-life depression was associated with a significant risk of all-cause dementia (1.85, 95% CI 1.67-2.04, P< 0.001), Alzheimer's disease (1.65, 95% CI 1.42-1.92, P<0.001) and vascular dementia (2.52, 95% CI 1.77-3.59, P<0.001). Subgroup analysis, based on five studies, showed that the risk of vascular dementia was significantly higher than for Alzheimer's disease (P=0.03).ConclusionsLate-life depression is associated with an increased risk for all-cause dementia, vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease. The present results suggest that it will be valuable to design clinical trials to investigate the effect of late-life depression prevention on risk of dementia, in particular vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease.

scholarly journals Sex Differences in Depression as a Risk Factor for Alzheimer’s Disease: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily A Underwood ◽  
Heather P Davidson ◽  
Amber B Azam ◽  
Mary C Tierney
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Synthesis ◽  
Moderating Factors ◽  
Cochrane Reviews ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Abstract Background and Objectives Depression is an important risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) but little is known about the mechanisms of this association. Given sex differences in both AD and depression, we sought to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine whether there are sex differences in their association, as this may improve understanding of underlying mechanisms. Research Design and Methods MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Reviews were searched for observational studies including both sexes and examining the association between history of depression and AD. Results Forty studies, including 62,729 women and 47,342 men, were identified. Meta-analysis was not possible because only 3 studies provided sufficient data. Seven studies provided information about the influence of sex for a qualitative synthesis. Two found an association in men only, 2 in women only, and 3 reported no sex differences. The 2 studies finding an association in women only were unique in that they had the shortest follow-up periods, and were the only clinic-based studies. Discussion and Implications The findings of our systematic review show that there are important methodological differences among the few studies providing data on the influence of sex on depression as a risk factor for AD. Had all 40 studies provided sex-segregated data, these methodological differences and their impact on sex effects could have been examined quantitatively. We encourage researchers to report these data, as well as potential moderating factors, so that the role of sex differences can be better understood.

The Associations of Plasma/Serum Carotenoids with Alzheimer’s Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Mingyue Qu ◽  
Hanxu Shi ◽  
Kai Wang ◽  
Xinggang Wang ◽  
Nan Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Scoring Systems ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Mean Differences

Background: Multiple lines of evidence indicate protective effects of carotenoids in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, previous epidemiological studies reported inconsistent results regarding the associations between carotenoids levels and the risk of AD. Objective: Our study aims to evaluate the associations of six major members of carotenoids with the occurrence of AD by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive literature search of PubMed, Web of Science, Ebsco, and PsycINFO databases was conducted, and the quality of each included studies was evaluated by a validated scoring systems. Standardized mean differences (SMD) with 95%confidence intervals (CI) were determined by using a random effects model. Heterogeneity was evaluated by I2 statistics. Publication bias was detected using funnel plots and Egger’s test. Results: Sixteen studies, with 10,633 participants were included. Pooled analysis showed significantly lower plasma/serum levels of lutein (SMD = –0.86, 95%CI: –1.67 to –0.05, p = 0.04) and zeaxanthin (SMD = –0.59; 95%CI: –1.12 to –0.06, p = 0.03) in patients with AD versus cognitively intact controls, while α-carotene (SMD = 0.21, 95%CI: –0.68 to 0.26, p = 0.39), β-carotene (SMD = 0.04, 95%CI: –0.57 to 0.65, p = 0.9), lycopene (SMD = –0.12, 95%CI: –0.96 to 0.72, p = 0.78), and β-cryptoxanthin (SMD = –0.09, 95%CI: –0.83 to 0.65, p = 0.81) did not achieve significant differences. Conclusion: Of six major members of carotenoids, only lutein and zeaxanthin concentrations in plasma/serum were inversely related to the risk of AD. More high-quality longitudinal studies are needed to verify these findings.

Untangling huge literature to disinter genetic underpinnings of Alzheimer’s Disease: A Systematic review and Meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 101421
Author(s):  
Hema Sree G N S ◽  
V. Lakshmi Prasanna Marise ◽  
Kshreeraja S. Satish ◽  
Abhijna Vithal Yergolkar ◽  
Mamatha Krishnamurthy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Meta Analysis
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