scholarly journals Procrastination: Relations with Mood, Self-Efficacy, Perceived Control and Task Demands

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-176
Author(s):  
Marijana Šuvak-Martinović ◽  
◽  
Ivona Čarapina Zovko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Control ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Job Demands ◽  
Job Control ◽  
Task Demands ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Job Demand ◽  
Mood Repair ◽  
Work Tasks ◽  
And Control

Procrastination is widely recognized as a motivational problem, but its nature is still not entirely understood, especially in the work domain. Procrastination in the execution of everyday work tasks could be motivated by both mood repair and predictor of poor mood. It could also be related to task characteristics, like averseness or demands. The aim of this study is to examine the relation between procrastination, levels of self-efficacy, perceived job demands and control, and symptoms of anxiety and depression. This study was conducted on a sample of 70 teaching assistants, the employees of a small university. The data was collected using Avoidance reactions to a deadline scale, DASS, Self-efficacy scale and Job demand-control scale. Correlation results indicated that self-efficacy and perceived job control were negatively, and job demand positively related to proneness to procrastination. Furthermore, individuals with more symptoms of anxiety and depression tended to procrastinate more. Perceived job control is the single relevant predictor of delaying job-related tasks and activities. The findings clearly suggest that job control deserves additional attention when it comes to the prediction of workplace procrastination. Keywords: procrastination, job control, job demands, self-efficacy, affect

scholarly journals Job demands, job control, psychological climate, and job satisfaction

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 238-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Karanika-Murray ◽  
George Michaelides ◽  
Stephen J. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Organizational Context ◽  
Job Demands ◽  
Job Design ◽  
Job Control ◽  
Psychological Climate ◽  
Employee Outcomes ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Dissonance Theory ◽  
And Control

Purpose Research into job design and employee outcomes has tended to examine job design in isolation of the wider organizational context, leading to calls to attend to the context in which work is embedded. The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of the interaction between job design and psychological climate on job satisfaction. Design/methodology/approach Cognitive dissonance theory was used to explore the nature of this relationship and its effect on job satisfaction. The authors hypothesized that psychological climate (autonomy, competence, relatedness dimensions) augments favorable perceptions of job demands and control when there is consistency between them (augmentation effect) and compensates for unfavorable perceptions when they are inconsistent (compensation effect). Findings Analysis of data from 3,587 individuals partially supported the hypotheses. Compensation effects were observed for job demands under a high autonomy and competence climate and for job control under a low competence climate. Augmentation effects were observed for job demands under a high relatedness climate. Practical implications When designing jobs managers should take into account the effects of psychological climate on employee outcomes. Originality/value This study has offered a way to bridge the job design and psychological climate fields and demonstrated that the call for more attention to the context in which jobs are embedded is worth heeding.

Core Self-Evaluations

2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geir Scott Brunborg
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Job Stress ◽  
Interaction Effect ◽  
Job Demands ◽  
Job Control ◽  
Job Outcomes ◽  
Southern Norway ◽  
And Control ◽  
Core Self ◽  
Main Effects

Core self-evaluations (CSE), a personality construct underlying self-esteem, locus of control, generalized self-efficacy, and neuroticism, has previously been found to relate strongly to job satisfaction. While previous research has shown relationships between personality traits and various adverse psychosocial job outcomes, no published studies have looked at the relationship between CSE and job stress. A study was conducted to test the effects of job demands, job control, and social support, as hypothesized in the job demand control support (JDCS) model, and the effect of CSE on job stress. Two hundred and twelve employees from 12 work places in southern Norway filled in a questionnaire consisting measures of job demands, job control, social support, CSE, and job stress. Initially, the results from hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed significant main effects of demands and control on job stress. However, when social support was included in the analysis, control was no longer significant. In addition, ANOVA showed that the two-way job demands × job control interaction effect, and the three way job demands × job control × social support interaction effect, as predicted by the JDCS model, were nonsignificant. The results showed a strong positive main effect of CSE on perceived job stress, and that CSE accounted for a large proportion of the variance in job stress. This is in accordance with studies that have shown relationships between other personality measures and job stress. The present study confirms the relevance of CSE for further research on links between personality and job stress.

scholarly journals Psychosocial working conditions and future sick leave and disability pension trajectories in Sweden

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Salonen ◽  
K Alexanderson ◽  
R Rugulies ◽  
E Framke ◽  
M Niemelä ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Disability Pension ◽  
Job Demands ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Job Control ◽  
Multinomial Regression ◽  
Job Exposure Matrix ◽  
Psychosocial Working Conditions ◽  
And Control ◽  
Group Memberships

Abstract Background Psychosocial working conditions such as job demands and job control have been found to be associated with employee health and well-being, but studies on the associations with sickness absence (SA) and disability pension (DP) are scarce. We examined 11-year SA/DP trajectories and the association between psychosocial working conditions and subsequent SA/DP trajectories in the Swedish workforce. Methods Using a prospective cohort study with microdata we explored SA/DP trajectories among female and male employees, respectively, aged 30-53 years in 2001 in Sweden (1,076,042 women; 1,102,721 men). Group-based trajectory analysis was used to model annual mean SA/DP net days trajectories in 2002-2012. Based on a Swedish Job Exposure Matrix (JEM), individuals were assigned an age-, sex- and occupation-specific mean score for demands and control, respectively. Mean scores were categorized into tertiles and categorised into 3x3 combinations of exposure categories. Using multinomial regression we predicted trajectory group memberships for the JEM. Results The highest rate of women were in occupations with low demands and control (24.8%), while the highest rate of men (22.9%) was in occupations with high demands and control. We found three SA/DP trajectories for women (low, medium, high increasing) and two for men (low, high increasing). In fully adjusted models, those in occupations with low demands and low control were at higher risk of belonging to the high increasing SA/DP trajectory compared to those in occupations with high job demands and control in both women (OR 3.86; 95% CI: 3.75-3.97) and men (OR 3.0; 2.99-3.16). Conclusions Low job demands and low job control were associated with more high increasing future SA/DP trajectories compared to high job demands and job control in both women and men. Key messages In Sweden, women are more often in occupations characterized by low job demands and low job control and men are more often in occupations with high job demands and high job control. Occupations with low job demands and low job control were associated with more adverse SA/SP trajectories compared to occupations with high job demands and high job control in both women and men.

scholarly journals Job demand and control in mid-life and physical and mental functioning in early old age: do childhood factors explain these associations in a British birth cohort?

BMJ Open ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. e005578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikaela B von Bonsdorff ◽  
Rachel Cooper ◽  
Diana Kuh
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Physical Functioning ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Job Control ◽  
Mental Functioning ◽  
Job Demand ◽  
And Control ◽  
Early Old Age ◽  
Childhood Factors

ObjectivesAdverse work-related exposures have been linked with decreased physical and mental functioning in later life, however, whether childhood factors explain the associations between work exposures and functioning is unknown. Our aim was to investigate if job demand and control in mid-life were related to self-reported physical and mental functioning in early old age and whether childhood factors explained these associations.DesignProspective cohort study.SettingEngland, Scotland and Wales.Participants and outcome measuresData come from the UK Medical Research Council National Survey of Health and Development, a cohort with follow-up since birth in 1946. 1485 occupationally active study members had data available on job demand and control in mid-life and on physical and mental functioning assessed using the Short Form-36 questionnaire at 60–64 years.ResultsThose with higher job control in mid-life had better physical functioning than those who reported lower job control (β 0.51, 95% CI 0.02 to 1.01, p=0.04 adjusted for adult confounders). Those with higher job demand in mid-life had poorer mental functioning (β −0.82, 95% CI −1.14 to −0.51, p<0.001). Associations between job control and mental functioning were similar but less pronounced. Adjustment for childhood factors (father's and mother's educational attainment, parents’ interest in school at age 7 and cognitive ability at age 8) partially explained the association between job control and physical functioning, but did not explain the association between job demand and mental functioning.ConclusionsJob demand and control in mid-life are differentially associated with mental and physical functioning in early old age and some of these associations may be partially explained by childhood factors.

scholarly journals Exploring the Link between Work Addiction Risk and Health-Related Outcomes Using Job-Demand-Control Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (20) ◽  
pp. 7594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frédéric Dutheil ◽  
Morteza Charkhabi ◽  
Hortense Ravoux ◽  
Georges Brousse ◽  
Samuel Dewavrin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Job Demands ◽  
Control Model ◽  
Job Control ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Work Addiction ◽  
Job Demand ◽  
Addiction Risk ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Demand Control

Purpose of the study: Work addiction risk is a growing public health concern with potential deleterious health-related outcomes. Perception of work (job demands and job control) may play a major role in provoking the risk of work addiction in employees. We aimed to explore the link between work addiction risk and health-related outcomes using the framework of job-demand-control model. Methods: Data were collected from 187 out of 1580 (11.8%) French workers who agreed to participate in a cross-sectional study using the WittyFit software online platform. The self-administered questionnaires were the Job Content Questionnaire by Karasek, the Work Addiction Risk Test, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale and socio-demographics. Data Analysis: Statistical analyses were performed using the Stata software (version 13). Results: There were five times more workers with a high risk of work addiction among those with strong job demands than in those with low job demands (29.8% vs. 6.8%, p = 0.002). Addiction to work was not linked to job control (p = 0.77), nor with social support (p = 0.22). We demonstrated a high risk of work addiction in 2.6% of low-strain workers, in 15.0% of passive workers, in 28.9% of active workers, and in 33.3% of high-strain workers (p = 0.010). There were twice as many workers with a HAD-Depression score ≥11 compared with workers at low risk (41.5% vs. 17.7%, p = 0.009). Sleep quality was lower in workers with a high risk of work addiction compared with workers with a low risk of work addiction (44.0 ± 27.3 vs. 64.4 ± 26.8, p < 0.001). Workers with a high risk of work addiction exhibited greater stress at work (68.4 ± 23.2 vs. 47.5 ± 25.1) and lower well-being (69.7 ± 18.3 vs. 49.3 ± 23.0) compared with workers at low risk (p < 0.001). Conclusions: High job demands are strongly associated with the risk of work addiction. Work addiction risk is associated with greater depression and poor quality of sleep. Preventive strategies should benefit from identifying more vulnerable workers to work addiction risk.

scholarly journals The relation of work-related factors with ambulatory blood pressure and nocturnal blood pressure dipping among aging workers

2019 ◽  
Vol 93 (5) ◽  
pp. 563-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saana Karelius ◽  
Jussi Vahtera ◽  
Jaana Pentti ◽  
Annika S. Lindroos ◽  
Pekka Jousilahti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Occupational Status ◽  
Job Demands ◽  
Job Control ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Shift Workers ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Job Demand ◽  
Nocturnal Blood Pressure ◽  
Aging Workers

Abstract Objectives Individuals with reduced nocturnal blood pressure (BP) dipping are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease compared to persons with normal BP dipping. Although the relation of work-related factors and BP has been studied extensively, very little is known of the association between work-related factors and 24-h BP patterns in aging workers. We examined the cross-sectional relation of work-related risk factors, including occupational status, work-time mode, job demands and job control, with ambulatory BP in aging workers, focusing on nocturnal BP dipping. Methods 208 workers (mean age 62 ± 3 years; 75% women) from two Finnish population-based cohort studies underwent 24-h ambulatory BP monitoring. Work-related factors were inquired using a questionnaire. Nocturnal BP dipping was calculated as [1 − (asleep BP/awake BP)] × 100. Results Shift workers demonstrated a higher nocturnal diastolic BP dipping than regular day workers (19% vs. 17%, p = 0.03) and had a significantly higher systolic awake BP than regular day workers (136.5 mmHg vs. 132.5 mmHg, p = 0.03). Participants with high job demands demonstrated a smaller nocturnal systolic BP dipping than participants with low job demands (14% vs. 16%, p = 0.04). We did not observe significant differences in nocturnal systolic or diastolic BP dipping between groups categorized by occupational status or job control. Conclusions Although shift workers have a higher daytime BP than regular daytime workers, they exhibit greater nighttime BP dipping. Participants with high job demand had smaller nighttime BP dipping than participants with low job demand. Job control or occupation did not affect the 24-h ambulatory BP profile of aging workers.

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